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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IL-15 and IL-16 overexpression in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: stage-dependent increase in mycosis fungoides progression (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 9 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Cytokines are of major importance for the pathogenesis of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL). Recent data suggested that IL-15 and IL-16 are survival/growth factors for the malignant T cells in these entities. To investigate the expression of IL-15 and IL-16 in mycosis fungoides (MF) and CD30+ pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma in vivo, we established a competitive RT-PCR technique. Analyzing skin biopsies from CTCL patients at different stages in comparison to psoriatic and healthy skin, we found IL-15 and IL-16 mRNA overexpression in both CTCL entities. Remarkably, there was some evidence for a stage-dependent increase during MF progression. We found only slight overexpression in early stage MF, when only few tumor cells are detectable within the infiltrates, whereas marked overexpression was found in more advanced lesions, which are characterized by a higher density of malignant cells. These results suggested that CTCL cells themselves might produce the cytokines. To further elucidate this hypothesis, two CTCL cell lines were analyzed but gave conflicting results. Therefore, the cellular origin of the IL-15 and IL-16 overexpression in CTCL remains unclear. Considering the significant overexpression of IL-15 and IL-16 and their biological capacities it is likely that these cytokines contribute to the tumor development. So, they might be involved in growth and skin homing of CTCL cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0625.2000.009004248.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytokine expression in primary cutaneous germinal center cell lymphomas (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 9 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Physiologically, B-lymphocytes are not present in the skin. Even in pathological situations they rarely occur. In contrast, primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (CBCL) are characterized by proliferation of B lymphocytes within the skin. This suggests the existence of a certain microenvironment supporting homing and expansion of clonal B cells. Cytokines were demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of cutaneous lymphomas of T-cell origin. Cytokine expression in cutaneous B-cell lymphoma lesions, however, has not been investigated so far. Therefore, the mRNA level of several cytokines was analyzed in biopsies from 7 patients with CBCL and compared to pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma (n=6), psoriasis (n=9), and healthy skin (n=7), using a competitive RT-PCR approach. An overexpression of TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-6 was found. Enhanced IL-8 mRNA expression was detected in 2/7 cases. The overexpression of IL-6 and IL-10 in CBCL might be of particular importance, since these cytokines are considered to support B-cell growth. Additionally, the overexpression of IL-10 may contribute to tumor progression since this immunosuppressive cytokine might be involved in downregulation of immunological tumor surveillance, in part by inhibiting type 1 cytokine formation. In fact, we did not detect IFN-γ and IL-2 expression. Taken together, we found a cytokine pattern in CBCL lesions which might contribute to tumor B-cell growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0625.2000.009001071.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The antipsoriatic activity of IL-10 is rather caused by effects on peripheral blood cells than by a direct effect on human keratinocytes (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 292 (2000), S. 164-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Key words IL-10 ; Keratinocytes ; Monocytes ; Psoriasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract IL-10 is a promising candidate for the treatment of cutaneous disorders. Antipsoriatic efficacy of systemic IL-10 treatment has been already demonstrated. This includes histomorphological changes in the epidermis, suggesting effects on keratinocytes. However, less is known about direct effects of IL-10 on this cell population, although effects are likely since IL-10 receptor expression on keratinocytes has been demonstrated recently. Therefore we analysed the effects of IL-10 on keratinocytes in vitro, using concentrations of human recombinant IL-10 corresponding to those detectable in plasma during therapy. Proliferation, cytokine formation (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1ra), and expression of surface molecules (MHC class I and II, costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86, CD29, CD54, CD95) were measured in stimulated and unstimulated cells. Although stimulation influenced the expression levels of certain surface markers, no or only slight effects of IL-10 were found. In contrast considerable inhibitory effects of IL-10 on surface molecule expression and cytokine secretion by peripheral blood human monocytes were observed. Our results suggest that the antipsoriatic activity of IL-10 is rather caused by modulatory effects on circulating immune cells, which subsequently might infiltrate the skin, than by direct effects on human keratinocytes. Considering the remarkable antipsoriatic activity of IL-10 and the observation that IL-10 seem to act on peripheral blood mononuclear cells but not on keratinocytes provide further evidence that circulating immune cells play a key role in the pathology of psoriasis. Finally, our results argue against the value of IL-10 therapy in dermatoses strictly limited to keratinocyte involvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004030050473
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bestimmung der molaren Masse und der Ladungszahl von Polymerelektrolyten mit der Ultrazentrifuge (1978)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 256 (1978), S. 37-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The sedimentation equilibria of the systems sodium metatungstate-sodium chloride-water and sodium metatungstate-sodium perchlorate-water are investiated. In both systems the apparent molecular mass Mapp of sodium metatungstate (PX z) is measured in dependence on partial density ϱ 0 PX z before centrifugation. By linear extrapolation of the function Mapp = Mapp (ϱ 0 PX z the limiting value (Mapp)o for ϱ 0 PX z = 0 is obtained. The variation with sodium chloride and sodium perchlorate molality of the quantity (ϱlnγ PX z ϱm BX )mPXz is calculated from (Mapp)o data. The determination of the molecular mass and the algebraic valency of a polymeric ion by means of the (Mapp)o values calculated by Lamm-Williams equation is discussed. In order to obtain these two quantities at least two series of experiments are required, each of which using a different supporting electrolyte. External measurements are not necessary. In this way reliable values for the molecular mass as well as for the stoichiometric valency are obtained.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird das Sedimentationsgleichgewicht der Systeme Na6[H2W12O40]—NaCI—H2O und Na6[H2W12O40]—NaClO4— H2O untersucht. Die scheinbare molare Masse Mapp des Natriummetawolframats wird in beiden Systemen als Funktion der Natriummetawolfrarnat-Anfangspartialdichte ϱ 0 PX z gemessen. Durch lineare Extrapolation der Funktion Mapp = Mapp (PP,, ) auf die Polymerelektrolyt-Anfangspartialdichte Null können die Grenzwerte der scheinbaren molaren Masse (Mapp)o ermittelt werden. Aus den (Mapp)o-Werten wird die Abhängigkeit der Größe (ϱlnγ PXz /ϱm BX ) mPXz von der NaCI- bzw. NaClO4-Molalität berechnet. Die Bestimmung der molaren Masse und der (stöchiometrischen) Ladungszahl eines Polymerelektrolyten aus den experimentell ermittelten (Mapp)o-Werten unter Anwendung der Lamm-Williams-Gleichung wird diskutiert. Zur Ermittlung der beiden Größen müssen mehrere Versuchsreihen mit zwei verschiedenen Fremdelektrolyten durchgeführt werden. Externe Messungen sind nicht erforderlich. Man erhält auf diese Weise verläßliche Werte so-wohl der molaren Masse als auch der (stächiometrischen) Ladungszahl.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01746689
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