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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 17 (1995), S. 329-334 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Shoulder ; Supraspinatus ; Histology ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le but du travail était d'essayer de préciser la nature des modifications de signal observées en IRM dans le tendon du m. supra-épineux en dehors de toute pathologie de l'épaule, et dûes, selon certains auteurs, à un artefact lié à l'IRM. Cinq tendons macroscopiquement normaux de m. supra-épineux ont été prélevés chez 4 patients jeunes (14 à 28 ans), 30 mn maximun après l'arrêt cardiaque, après autorisation du comité d'éthique. Ces tendons ont été examinés en IRM dans le plan frontal oblique suivant l'axe du muscle avec une antenne de surface de 4 cm de diamètre en utilisant une séquence écho de spin T2, puis ont été analysés en histologie en utilisant le même plan de coupe. Vingt-cinq sujets témoins (18 à 34 ans) ont été examinés en IRM avec la même séquence écho de spin T2. Tous les tendons de m. supra-épineux examinés possédaient un signal noir avec des zones de signal intermédiaire sur le premier écho de la séquence. Il existait une parfaite corrélation entre l'aspect en IRM des 5 tendons prélevés et leur description en histologie. Trois aspects histologiques ont été décrit: dégénérescence fibrillaire, dystrophie fibreuse, transformation éosinophile du collagène tendineux. Tous les tendons examinés chez les volontaires sains présentaient, au premier écho, des images hétérogènes; au second écho, l'hyposignal était homogène et franc. La bonne corrélation obtenue permet de suggérer que les modifications du signal du tendon du m. supra-épineux ne sont pas en rapport avec un artéfact décrit en IRM mais sont liés à une détérioration précoce de ce tendon, vraisemblablement liée à l'importance des contraintes mécaniques qu'il subit.
    Notes: Summary The aim of this study was to attempt to specify the nature of the signal modifications observed in MRI in the supraspinatus tendon apart from any pathology of the shoulder, and due, according to certain authors, to an artefact associated with MRI. Five macroscopically normal supraspinatus tendons were removed from 4 young subjects (14–28 years), 30 min after cardiac arrest, with the authorisation of the ethical committee. These tendons were examined by MRI in the frontal oblique plane along the axis of the muscle with a surface coil of 4 cm diameter, using a T2-weighted spin-echo sequence, and then studied histologically using the same plane of section. 22 control subjects (18–24 years) were examined by MRI with the same T2-weighted spinecho sequence. All the tendons examined possessed a dark signal with zones of intermediate signal on the first echo of the sequence. There was a complete correlation between the MRI appearances of the 5 tendons and their histologic description. Three histologic appearances were described: fibrillary degeneration, fibrous dystrophy, and eosinophil transformation of the tendinous collagen. All the tendons examined in healthy volunteers exhibited hetereogenic images at the first echo; in the second echo the hyposignal was uniform and obvious. The good correlation obtained suggests that modifications of the tendon signal from the supraspinatus m. are not related to an artefact described in MRI, but are linked with premature degeneration of this tendon, probably associated with the severity of the mechanical constraints to which it is subject.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Bronchoalveolar lavage ; Fat embolism ; Trauma ; Lung injury ; Hypoxemia ; Intensive care unit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective To verify whether the determination of the percentage of cells recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage and containing fat inclusions is a useful diagnostic tool of posttraumatic pulmonary fat embolism. Design Prospective study. Setting Surgical Intensive Care Units in two university hospitals. Patients 56 successive trauma patients needing prolonged postinjury mechanical ventilation, including 4 with clinical definite fat embolism syndrome, 5 in whom the diagnosis had been clinically suspected but was impossible to confirm or exclude before bronchoscopy, and 47 with no clinical evidence of the syndrome. Control groups included 8 patients without previous trauma who developed ARDS and 6 healthy surgical patients. Methods Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed within the first posttraumatic 3 days in trauma patients, at the beguining of the pulmonary disease in non trauma ARDS patients and just after anesthesic induction in healthy ortopedic patients. The magnitude of lipid content in alveolar cells was compared with the clinical pattern of the pulmonary fat embolism syndrome retrospectively evaluated at the seventh day postinjury in trauma patients. Results All the patients with definite fat embolism syndrome had more than 70% of lavage cells containing fat droplets. The group of patients in whom the diagnosis of the fat embolism syndrome was suspected had percentages of fat cells above 30% in 4 out of 5 patients. A percentage of fat cells above 30% was only observed in 7 out of the 47 patients without clinical evidence of the syndrome. The percentage varied between 0% to 35% in the group of non trauma ARDS patients and between 0 to 5% in healthy surgical patients. Conclusion Lipid inclusions in alveolar cells are common during traumatic and non-traumatic respiratory failure. Determination of the percentage of cells recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage and containing fat droplets may contribute to the diagnosis of the fat embolism syndrome in mechanically-ventilated trauma patients with respiratory failure provided that the significant threshold would be 30%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 16 (1994), S. 23-29 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Anatomy ; Prostatic innervation ; Computer reconstruction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La prostate d'un enfant de 10 ans, a été sectionnée au microtome en 4 300 coupes. Les nerfs ont été colorés avec un anticorps monoclonal anti PS 100 et toutes les informations ont été recueillies sur un programme informatisé. L'innervation de la prostate est très abondante, les fibres nerveuses de la prostate craniale (zone centrale) suivent une voie parallèle à la face antérieure des vésicules séminales, vers la prostate caudale. La zone péri-urétrale est richement innervée par des nerfs venant de la périphérie, la prostate caudale contient aussi de nombreuses fibres nerveuses de taille variable. Nous avons identifié un grand nombre de nerfs le long de la face antérieure des vésicules séminales et entourant les faces latérales de la capsule prostatique, elles pénètrent la capsule prostatique et toute la circonférence de la prostate caudale. La capsule prostatique est couverte par de nombreuses fibres nerveuses et des ganglions qui forment un véritable réseau nerveux péri prostatique. L'urètre est innervé par de nombreuses fibres de plus de 30 µm de diamètre.
    Notes: Summary The entire prostate of a 10 year old boy was cut with a microtome into 4300 serial slices. The nerves were stained using a monoclonal antibody called anti PS 100. All information was recorded using a computer reconstruction programme. The prostatic nerve supply is very abundant. The nerve fibers of the cranial prostate (central zone) follow a pathway parallel to the anterior surface of the seminal vesicles going towards the caudal prostate. The periurethral zone is widely innervated by nerves arising from the periphery. The caudal prostate also contains many nerve fibers of variable size. We identified many nerve fibers along the anterior surface of the seminal vesicles and surrounding the lateral aspect of the prostatic capsule. They penetrate the capsule and the whole circumference of the caudal prostate. The prostatic capsule is covered by numerous nerve fibers and ganglia, which form a true periprostatic nerve network. The urethra is supplied by numerous thick fibers of more than 30 µm in diameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 13 (1991), S. 45-47 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Anatomy ; Prostate ; Computer model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les auterurs rapportent une technique de reconstruction tridimensionnelle assistée par ordinateur en utilisant les informations de coupes sériées. Cette reconstruction a été faite avec un micro-ordinateur courant. Cette technique a été appliquée à la reconstruction d'une prostate de lapin commun européen.
    Notes: Summary We report a computer assisted three dimensional reconstruction technique using serial sections. This reconstruction was achieved by means of a common microcomputer. The organ analyzed in this study was the common European rabbit prostate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Erdheim-Chester disease ; Bone sclerosis ; Kidney, pyelonephritis ; Kidney, computed tomography ; Xanthogranulomatosis ; Lipogranulomatosis ; Diabetes insipidus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Erdheim-Chester disease is a rare, distinctive lipoidosis characterised by deposition of cholesterol-laden foam cells in the bone marrow associated with a granulomatous reaction affecting the lungs, pericardium, heart and retroperitoneum. A case of Erdheim-Chester disease is presented, with typical skeletal involvement (i. e. diffuse sclerosis of the diaphyses and metaphyses of the long tubular bones) and atypical features including thrombocythemia and renal involvement which was documented on computed tomography. Other features of the reported case include gonadttrophin insufficiency and diabetes insipidus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 39 (1997), S. 821-823 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Osteoid osteoma ; Temporal bone ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present a case of osteoid osteoma of the petrous bone presenting with progressive sensorineural hearing loss. CT showed a dense homogeneous mass at the promontory surrounded by a thin bony border. On MRI this lesion gave intermediate signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo images and enhanced intensely with gadolinium. Surgical removal and pathological study proved the diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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