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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    211At-Methylene Blue in Targeted Radiotherapy of Disseminated Melanoma (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Periodontology 2000 7 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0757
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Targeted radiotherapy with 211At-methylene blue (211At-MTB) is a systemic treatment selectively directed at melanoma due to a high affinity of MTB to melanin synthesized in the tumor cells. Since MTB forms a strong complex with melanin, it is an effective carrier for a number of radioisotopes to be addressed to the tumor deposits of any size including individually dispersed melanoma cells. Thus, appropriately radiolabeled MTB can be used for either diagnosis or therapy of the neoplasm. As predicted and found in animal experiments, 211At-MTB is most effective therapeutically. Histopathological investigations showed that the highly pigmented 211At-MTB-treated tumors were characterized initially by perivascular oedema and hydropic degeneration of tumor cells followed by gradual development of extensive areas of coagulative necrosis. The necrotic tumor areas contained microvessels occluded by thrombi and tended to undergo microfocal calcification. Although melanoma-bearing animals successfully treated with 211At-MTB did not reveal any adverse effects of the therapy, detailed toxicological studies were undertaken. No serious macro- or microscopic lesions were observed in normal organs of 211At-MTB treated mice. Only the relative number of small lymphocytes in the groin lymph nodes in a minority of animals was variably reduced, most often in conjunction with the treatment of highly, but not poorly, pigmented tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1994.tb00640.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake kinetics of the somatostatin receptor ligand [86Y]DOTA-dPhe1-Tyr3-octreotide ([86Y]SMT487) using positron emission tomography in non-human primates and calculation of radiation doses of the 90Y-labelled analogue (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 26 (1999), S. 358-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Key words: Yttrium-86 ; Yttrium-90 ; Octreotide ; Positron emission tomography ; Dosimetry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. [90Y]DOTA-dPhe1-Tyr3-octreotide ([90Y]-SMT487) has been suggested as a promising radiotherapeutic agent for somatostatin receptor-expressing tumours. In order to quantify the in vivo parameters of this compound and the radiation doses delivered to healthy organs, the analogue [86Y]DOTA-dPhe1-Tyr3-octreotide was synthesised and its uptake measured in baboons using positron emission tomography (PET). [86Y]DOTA-dPhe1-Tyr3-octreotide was administered at two different peptide concentrations, namely 2 and 100 µg peptide per m2 body surface. The latter concentration corresponded to a radiotherapeutic dose. In a third protocol [86Y]DOTA-dPhe1-Tyr3-octreotide was injected in conjunction with a simultaneous infusion of an amino acid solution that was high in l-lysine in order to lower the renal uptake of radioyttrium. Quantitative whole-body PET scans were recorded to measure the uptake kinetics for kidneys, liver, lung and bone. The individual absolute uptake kinetics were used to calculate the radiation doses for [90Y]DOTA-dPhe1-Tyr3-octreotide according to the MIRD recommendations extrapolated to a 70-kg human. The highest radiation dose was received by the kidneys, with 2.1–3.3 mGy per MBq [90Y]DOTA-dPhe1-Tyr3-octreotide injected. For the 100 µg/m2 SMT487 protocol with amino acid co-infusion this dose was about 20%–40% lower than for the other two treatment protocols. The liver and the red bone marrow received doses ranging from 0.32 to 0.53 mGy and 0.03 to 0.07 mGy per MBq [90Y]DOTA-dPhe1-Tyr3-octreotide, respectively. The average effective dose equivalent amounted to 0.23–0.32 mSv/MBq. The comparatively low estimated radiation doses to normal organs support the initiation of clinical phase I trials with [90Y]DOTA-dPhe1-Tyr3-octreotide in patients with somatostatin receptor-expressing tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002590050398
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiation doses of yttrium-90 citrate and yttrium-90 EDTMP as determined via analogous yttrium-86 complexes and positron emission tomography (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 23 (1996), S. 958-966 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Yttrium-86 ; Yttrium-90 ; Positron emission tomography ; Bone metastases ; Quantitative in vivo radiation dosimetry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Yttrium-90 is used for palliative therapy for the treatment of skeletal metastases, but because it is a pure β- emitter, data on the pharmacokinetics and radiation doses to metastases and unaffected organs are lacking. To obtain such data, the present study employed yttrium-86 as a substitute for90Y, with detection by positron emission tomography (PET). The study compared the properties of two different86Y complexes —86y-citrate and86Y -ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphonate (EDTMP) — in ten patients with prostatic cancer who had developed multiple bone metastases (the ten patients being divided into two groups of five). Early dynamics were measured up to 1 h post injection (p.i.) over the liver region, followed by subsequent whole-body PET scans up to 3 days p.i. Absolute uptake data were determined for normal bone, bone metastases, liver and kidney. Radiation doses were calculated according to the MIRD recommendations. Based on the pharmacokinetic measurements of the distribution of the86Y complexes, it was possible to calculate radiation doses for the bone metastases and the red bone marrow delivered by complexes containing90Y. In 1 cm3 of bone metastasis, doses of 26±11 mGy/MBq and 18±2 mGy/MBq were determined per MBq of injected90Y- citrate and90Y- EDTMP, respectively. The doses to the bone marrow were 2.5±0.4 mGy/MBq for90Y- citrate and 1.8±0.6 mGy/MBq for90Y-EDTMP.86Y and PET provide quantitative information applicable to the clinical use of90Y. This method may also be useful for the design of other90Y radiopharmaceuticals and for planning radiotherapy dosages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01084371
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