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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Platelet-vessel wall interactions: Implication of 5-hydroxytryptamine. A review (1984)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 15 (1984), S. 612-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The evidence for an impact of platelet-derived 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on local tissue perfusion is reviewed. By interacting with 5-HT2 serotonergic receptors, 5-HT, directly or through amplification, activates platelets, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells producing platelet aggregation, vascular permeability increase and large vessel constriction. Pharmacodissection in experimental animals with selective serotonergic 5-HT2 receptor antagonists, e.g. ketanserin, shows that 5-HT largely contributes to the platelet-mediated increase in vascular permeability, to platelet-vessel wall interaction during hemostasis, to cardiopulmonary dysfunction provoked by thromboembolism and to the platelet-mediated inhibition of peripheral collateral circulation. Clinical results obtained with ketanserin further substantiate an involvement of platelet-derived 5-HT in the pathogenesis of impaired tissue perfusion in some cardiovascular conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01966783
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variables of the insulin resistance syndrome are associated with reduced arterial distensibility in healthy non-diabetic middle-aged women (2000)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 43 (2000), S. 665-672 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Insulin resistance ; arterial stiffness ; healthy subjects ; women ; population.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. The insulin resistance syndrome is related to arterial stiffness in diabetic subjects. Whether the insulin resistance syndrome is also related to arterial stiffness in non-diabetic subjects is less clear. We studied the association between variables of the insulin resistance syndrome in relation to arterial distensibility in healthy middle-aged non-diabetic women. Methods. This study was done in 180 non-diabetic women, aged 43–55, selected from the general population. Arterial distensibility was assessed in the carotid artery. The associations were evaluated using linear regression analyses. Results. Strong associations were found between arterial distensibility and the variables of the insulin resistance syndrome: body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, apolipoprotein A1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1-antigen and tissue-type plasminogen activator-antigen. After additional adjustment for mean arterial pressure, common carotid arterial distensibility remained associated with body mass index: β-coefficient (95 % confidence interval) per kg/m2: –0.24 (–0.42; –0.06); waist-to-hip ratio: –26.62 (–40.59; –12.65) per m/m; triglycerides: –1.42(–2.77; –0.08) per mmol/l; plasminogen activator inhibitor–1-antigen: –0.01 (–0.02; –0.00) per ng/ml and borderline significant associated with high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol: 1.93 (–0.01; 3.87; p = 0.07) per mmol/l. Clustering of variables of the insulin resistance syndrome was strongly related to decreased arterial distensibility which remained after adjustment for mean arterial pressure. No association was found between arterial distensibility and variables that are not part of the insulin resistance syndrome: total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B. Conclusion/interpretation. The results of this study show that variables of the insulin resistance syndrome are associated with decreased arterial distensibility of the common carotid artery in healthy non-diabetic subjects. [Diabetologia (2000) 43: 665–672]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051356
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does lowering of cholesterol levels influence functional properties of large arteries? (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 48 (1995), S. 217-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Hypercholesterolaemia ; HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors ; Pravastatin ; vessel wall properties ; arterial distensibility ; arterial compliance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hypercholesterolaemia is a risk factor for atherosclerosis and induces endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction may increase vascular tone and arterial stiffness and as a consequence may decrease arterial distensibility (DC) and arterial compliance (CC). It is hypothesized that lipid-lowering therapy may enhance DC and CC. Therefore, the present study investigates the effect of lipid-lowering therapy with pravastatin on the haemodynamics, DC and CC of the elastic common carotid artery (CCA), and the muscular femoral (FA) and brachial (BA) arteries in patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia. After an 8-week placebo run-in period with a low-cholesterol diet, 19 patients with total cholesterol concentrations of between 6.5 and 9.0 mmol·l−1 and triglyceride concentrations 〈4 mmol·l−1 entered a double-blind placebo controlled crossover study. Patients received pravastatin 40 mg o.d. or placebo, each for 8 weeks. Throughout the study the lipid-lowering diet was continued. With pravastatin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides were decreased (total cholesterol 26%, LDL-C 35%, triglycerides 16%), while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was not changed. Other laboratory values remained within the normal range. Blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac function and systemic vascular resistance were not influenced by pravastatin. Compared to placebo, diameter, distensibility and compliance of all arteries were not statistically significantly changed with pravastatin. These data suggest that, in patients with mild to moderate primary hypercholesterolaemia, short-term lowering of plasma cholesterol does not alter the haemodynamics and vessel wall properties of large arteries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198301
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of ketanserin on macrocirculatory and microcirculatory blood flow in patients with intermittent claudication. A prospective randomized study (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 37 (1989), S. 295-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: ketanserin ; intermittent claudication ; Doppler velocimetry ; capillary microscopy ; macro/microcirculation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of ketanserin on macrocirculatory and microcirculatory blood flow was investigated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in 11 patients suffering from intermittent claudication using Doppler velocimetry and intravital skin capillary microscopy, respectively. After 1 year of treatment no significant change was observed either in the ketanserin or the placebo group. It appears that ketanserin has no significant effect on macrocirculatory blood flow and microcirculatory nutritional skin blood flow in patients with intermittent claudication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00679787
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fractal Analysis of Vasomotion (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 591 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb15105.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coronary artery stenosis controlled by distal perfusion pressure: Description of the servo-system and time-dependent changes in regional myocardial blood flow (1987)
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 82 (1987), S. 375-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: ischemic heart model ; regulation of coronary perfusion pressure ; myocardial vascular resistance ; hemodynamics ; low flow ischemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An animal model for the induction of coronary artery stenosis is described. In this model the degree of stenosis, as induced with commercially available hydraulic occluders, can be easily controlled by kecping constant the mean perfusion pressure (pcor) distal to the site of stenosis. This pcor is the input signal for a servo-system feeding a motor-pump, which determines the degree of inflation of the cuff around the left anterior interventricular coronary artery (LAICA). In each, experiment pcor did not vary more than 2 mm Hg from the preset value of about 25 mm Hg. In 60 anesthetized open-chest dogs the time course of standard hemodynamic variables and regional myocardial blood flow in the center of the underperfused area, using the radioactive microsphere technique, were determined. Within 1 min after induction of stenosis heart rate and end-diastolic left ventricular pressure (plved) increased (by 20 and 60%, respectively) and mean aortic pressure and dplv/dtmax decreased (by 10 and 25%, respectively). After the initial decrease median myocardial blood flow further decreased between 1 and 5 min of stenosis from 0.63 to 0.32 ml · min−1 · g−1 in the outer layers (P〈0.05) and from 0.26 to 0.15 ml · min−1 · g−1 in the inner layers (P〈0.05), despite constant hemodynamic conditions and pcor. Between 5 and 120 min of stenosis these values remained unchanged in the outer layers, but decreased further in the inner layers to 0.08 ml · min−1 · g−1 (P〈0.05). The accurate control of pcor, the reproducibility of the levels of residual blood flow and the ease of handling the stenosis system indicate that coronary artery stenosis controlled by perfusion pressure distal to the stenosis is a useful animal model to study events during regional myocardial ischemia. With the use of this model of low flow ischemia a biphasic increase of myocardial vascular resistance was observed, which is initiated during the first minutes of coronary artery stenosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01907025
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deformation of the dog aortic valve ring during the cardiac cycle (1988)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 412 (1988), S. 647-653 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Aortic valve ; Commissure strain ; Base strain ; Commissure-base strain ; Inductive coils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Changes in strain in the line of aortic valve leaflet attachment (aortic ring) were measured during the cardiac cycle by means of an inductive technique. To that purpose coils were sutured to each commissure and base point of the aortic ring, when the animals were on a cardiopulmonary bypass. After bypass and stabilization of the hemodynamic variables changes in the aortic strain were measured at aortic pressures ranging from 4 to 20 kPa. Aortic pressure at the level of the commissure points and left ventricular pressure were measured to assess transvalvular pressure. Commissure strain appeared to depend on aortic and transvalvular pressure throughout the cardiac cycle. At an aortic pressure of 10 kPa (75 mm Hg), the derivative of commissure strain to aortic pressure was found to be 1.9×10−5±1.2×10−5 Pa−1 (mean ±SD). During the ventricular ejection phase commissure strain was 0.04±0.03 higher than during ventricular filling. Maximum variations in basal strain during the cardiac cycle ranged from 0.03 to 0.15. During the ejection phase the basal segments adjoining the myocardium shortened whereas the segment close to the non-contracting anterior mitral valve leaflet lengthened. Strain between a base and a commissure point of the aortic ring were synchronous with the cardiac cycle, but no specific pattern could be found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583767
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of pyruvate on post-ischemic myocardial recovery at various workloads (1988)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 413 (1988), S. 167-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Pyruvate ; Transient ischemia ; Adenine nucleotides ; Enzyme release ; Workload ; Working rat heart
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the present study the hemodynamic and metabolic effects of pyruvate (5 mM), added as cosubstrate to glucose (11 mM) perfused, transiently ischemic, isolated working rat hearts, were evaluated. During 2 h of normoxic perfusion pyruvate improved functional stability, prevented depletion of glycogen and triacylglycerol stores, and increased non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels, even at relatively high workloads. The elevated NEFA levels are in line with the notion that pyruvate competes with endogenously produced fatty acids for oxidative energy production. After 45 min of global ischemia pyruvate was found (a) to affect markedly the relative contribution of ATP, ADP and AMP to the total adenine nucleotide content and (b) to stimulate the degradation of glycogen and to enhance the accumulation of lactate, suggesting enhanced anaerobic ATP rroduction. After restoration of flow pyruvate reduced the incidence of fibrillation and markedly improved recovery of cardiac output at both normal and high workload. Pyruvate did neither attenuate the release of lactate dehydrogenase, a marker for cell death, nor improve the conservation of the total adenine nucleotide and ATP content of hearts reperfused for 30 min. The latter findings indicate that hemodynamic recovery during reperfusion in the presence of pyruvate is neither related to the absolute tissue content of ATP nor to a reduction of irreversible cell damage, and suggest that pyruvate exerts its advantageous hemodynamic effects rather by improving the condition of reversibly damaged cells during reperfusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00582527
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recovery of hypertrophied rat hearts after global ischemia and reperfusion at different perfusion pressures (1989)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 413 (1989), S. 303-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Spontaneously hypertensive rat ; Myocardial hypertrophy ; Ischemia ; Reperfusion ; Noreflow ; Adenine nucleotides ; Glycogen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The ability to resist transient ischemia was studied in isolated hearts of 18 months old spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Both types of hearts showed optimal performance during the preischemic period when perfused at a diastolic perfusion pressure of 8.0 (WKY) and 13.3 (SHR) kPa. Hemodynamic recovery of WKY hearts during reperfusion at 8.0 kPa, following 45 min global ischemia, was satisfactory. Coronary perfusion completely normalized, contractility (dP lv/dt max) was slightly depressed and cardiac output returned, on the average, to 40% of the preischemic values. In contrast, hemodynamic function of SHR hearts reperfused at 13.3 kPa was greatly depressed, as evidenced by almost complete abolition of cardiac output, severe reduction ofdP lv/dt max and persistent underperfusion of the endocardial layers. In addition, the postischemic release of lactate dehydrogenase was retarded and enhanced. The release patterns of degradation products of adenine nucleotides showed a shift to the endstage produets xanthine and uric acid. The enhanced vulnerability of the hypertrophied heart to ischemia was even more expressed when the SHR hearts were reperfused at 8.0 kPa. Postischemic function was characterized by electrical instability, loss of contractility and cardiac output, and noreflow in the endocardial layers. Persistent accumulation of lactate and degradation products of adenine nucleotides in the postischemic hearts are in line with the lack of reperfusion. The present results indicate that a detailed mechanistic explanation for the reduced ability to withstand ischemia of SHR cannot be based on differences in ATP content or an altered anaerobic glycolitic activity prior and during ischemia. It is suggested that a defect on the circulatory level, probably caused by enhanced reactivity of the coronary vessels towards ischemia-elicited factors, is responsible for the higher vulnerability of hypertrophied heart to an ischemia insult.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583545
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of lidoflazine (R 7904) on uptake and release of serotonin by human platelets in vitro (1973)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 278 (1973), S. 261-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Platelets ; Serotonin Storage ; Lidoflazine ; Dipyridamole
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary At low concentrations in vitro (starting at 5×10−8 M), lidoflazine reduces the velocity of serotonin uptake by human platelets suspended in Tyrodealbumin. Inhibition is of a non-competitive type and is not enhanced by prolonged compound incubation. At higher concentrations (starting at 1.6×10−6 M) lidoflazine causes release of radioactive serotonin from platelets. The extent of release is dependent on concentration, duration of incubation and temperature and is not reduced by calcium chelation or papaverine pre-treatment. Similar but less pronounced effects on uptake and release reactions occur with dipyridamole. The possible mode of action of lidoflazine on platelet storage of serotonin is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00500287
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