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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 46 (1974), S. 334-340 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mice treated with divinyl ether-maleic anhydride (DVE/MA) 7 days before, 2 days before, or simultaneously with foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) viral antigens (aqueous or oil emulsified) were more resistant to virus infection and released antibody earlier than mice treated with antigen alone. Simultaneous treatment of swine with these antigens plus DVE/MA resulted in a slightly enhanced early antibody response, which, in a test with oil-emulsified antigen, was not associated with an early induced antiviral resistance to FMD. In general, the primary and secondary antibody responses to oil antigen plus DVE/MA were the same as in control swine receiving the antigen alone. However, swine sensitized with aqueous antigen plus DVE/MA responded faster and developed higher antibody titers after a secondary treatment with aqueous antigen than swine treated similarly but without DVE/MA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The mechanism of resistance to foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) which occurs 2 days after divinyl ether-maleic only anhydride (pyran copolymer) treatment but diminishes by the 7th day was investigated. Adsorption of virus by minced infant mouse spleen, muscle, kidney, heart or liver was not affected either at 2 days or 7 days after treatment of the mice with pyran. However,in vitro multiplication of FMDV in minced kidney was affected by pyran at both times. The resistance of mice 2 days after treatment was related to absence of virus in muscle, kidney, and spleen tissues. Seven days after pyran administration, however, FMDV was recovered from muscle and spleen but not kidney. Interferon was recovered from various tissues 2 days but not 7 days after mice were injected with pyran. Other unknown polymer-induced antiviral factors as well as interferon may have been related to the resistance mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 42 (1973), S. 102-105 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 30 (1970), S. 75-81 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) induction of an interferon effective against foot-and-mouth disease virus was a property of bovine as well as swine peripheral blood leukocytes in suspension cultures. Increased PHA and cell concentrations elicited the production of interferon titers somewhat higher than those produced by the virus. Plaque-size measurements, compared with the inhibition of plaque formation on homologous and heterologous cell cultures, suggested a possible new assay system for interferon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 33 (1971), S. 242-250 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Interferon effective against foot-and-mouth disease virus was induced in bovine kidney cells by polyribonucleic acid (Poly I∶C) only when reacted with DEAE dextran. Furthermore, a high DEAE dextran to Poly I∶C ratio was necessary to elicit maximal response. Interferon was observed first in the cell and reached a peak at 8 hours after induction. Release of interferon from the cell reached significant levels after 8 hours and continued to accumulate in the supernatant fluid. Differences were observed between different preparations of Poly I∶C., which might be related to the extent of double-strandedness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 61 (1979), S. 105-114 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cultures of bovine kidney (BK) cells infected with temperature-sensitive(ts) mutants of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) were incubated at 38.5°C, a temperature nonpermissive for mutant virus growth and RNA synthesis. The cells were subsequently resistant to viral growth and RNA synthesis when super-infected with wild-type FMDV and with heterologous fowl plague virus. The extent of interference was proportional to the multiplicity of infection of thets mutant. It increased with time elapsed between infection with mutant and challenge infection, becoming greater than 99 percent after 24 hours. Interference was not proportional to decreased levels of cellular protein synthesis. The interference could be produced in the presence of actinomycin D, and thus was apparently mostly caused by thets mutant itself rather than by interferon. The interference could not be produced in other less susceptible cell lines. Supernatant fluids from the BK cells infected withts mutant virus interfered with wild-type FMD viral growth and RNA synthesis in fresh BK cells, and also showed low levels of activity in a vesicular stomatitis virus-plaque reduction assay. The properties of the supernatant fluid-interfering agent resembled to some extent those of an interferon. Thets mutant-mediated interference factor was apparently not able to diffuse into the supernatant fluid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 63 (1980), S. 191-201 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) did not produce RNA polymerase activity nor synthesize viral RNA when incubated in cells solely at the nonpermissive temperature (38.5° C). Infected cells initially incubated at 38.5° C and then shifted down to 33° C synthesized increased amounts of viral RNA at earlier times compared to infected cells kept at 33° C throughout, indicating that RNA polymerase precursors were synthesized at 38.5° C. In cells shifted up to 38.5° C from 33° C, the total amount of viral RNA synthesized after infection increased sharply for about 15 minutes and then rapidly decreased over the next 2 hours. RNA polymerase activity presented a similar pattern in its initial twofold increase and subsequent rapid decrease. Pulse labeling experiments showed that mutant viral RNA synthesis continued at a diminishing rate for 2 hours in cells shifted up to 38.5° C. The data from temperature shift experiments indicated that essentially only the mutant RNA formed after shift-up was degraded. The FMDVts mutant is apparently additionally defective in being unable to protect viral RNA synthesized after shift-up to 38.5° C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 27 (1969), S. 282-289 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An inhibitor of foot-and-mouth disease virus was produced in cultures of swine leukocytes following treatment with phytohemagglutinin. Marked reduction in virus titer and mean plaque size was found following overnight incubation of primary bovine or swine kidney monolayers with clarified swine leukocyte media pretreated with PHA prior to virus infection. The biological and physical properties of this inhibitor suggest it has many properties similar to those of an interferon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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