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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 31 (1986), S. 840-846 
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Primary bile duct carcinoma is a malignancy with a poor prognosis, but recent diagnostic developments allow earlier detection and possibly improved chances for effective palliation or surgical cure. In order to increase the clinical understanding and awareness of this disorder, 43 patients with primary adenocarcinoma of the bile ducts were reviewed. The mean patient age was 63, and symptoms of nausea, abdominal pain, and pruritus were reported in a majority of patients. Documented weight loss, acholic stools, cutaneous icterus, and hepatomegaly were each present in a majority of patients. Serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase determinations were abnormal in 40 of 43 patients (93%), and cholangiography was the diagnostic study providing the most discriminating information. Locally invasive disease and biliary obstruction was the major cause of morbidity and mortality, and there was only one surgical cure. These data suggest that cholangiography and nonsurgical techniques for biliary drainage should be employed in most patients who are not optimal surgical candidates.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 29 (1984), S. 481-485 
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Angiodysplasia is a recently recognized important cause of lower intestinal bleeding in older patients. Although angiography is an established procedure for the diagnosis of angiodysplasia, colonoscopy is being used increasingly for evaluation of lower intestinal bleeding. In order to define the nature of bleeding due to angiodysplasia and the appropriate role of colonoscopy, 80 patients diagnosed by angiography, pathology, or colonoscopy were reviewed. Bleeding attributable to angiodysplasia varied from acute life-threatening hemorrhage to occult blood in stools. Thirteen patients with angiodysplasia had no bleeding and were identified incidentally by colonoscopy performed for other indications. Eighty-nine percent of the lesions were located in the right colon and there was a mean of 1.5 angiodysplastic lesions per patient. The sensitivity of colonoscopy compared to angiography and pathology was 68% overall and 81% when the colon was completely examined and lesions were located in the colon. The predictive value of a positive colonoscopic diagnosis was 90% in this population. Colonoscopy should be employed as an initial study in patients with chronic or mild acute rectal bleeding.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Les différentes méthodes de diagnostic du cancer du pancréas ont été étudiées aussi bien sur le plan de la précision que sur celui de leur coût et de leur caractère invasif. La stratégie la meilleure à observer consiste après ultrasonographie initiale à employer une combinaison des différentes méthodes suivantes: tomodensitométrie, biopsie aspiration à l'aiguille, cathétérisme rétrograde biliopancréatique et laparotomie exploratrice. Elle permet d'affirmer ou d'exclure le diagnostic présumé de cancer avec assez de précision pour que des décisions cliniques soient prises. Cette stratégie exploratrice présente une sensibilité de 92% et une spécificité supérieure à 99%. Le nombre des méthodes à employer est d'autant plus grand que les risques de cancer du pancréas sont plus élevés pour une population donnée, le taux de la laparotomie exploratrice étant finalement de 1–9%. Il ne paraît pas possible d'aller au-delà des possibilités offertes par cette ligne de conduite à moins d'avoir recours à des méthodes plus invasives.
    Kurzfassung: Resumen Diversas estrategias comprensivas para el diagnóstico de cancer pancreático fueron evaluadas por medio del análisis de decisión para definir su sensibilidad, especificidad, costo y riesgo. La estrategia óptima se inicia con la ultrasonografía, seguida de una combinación de tomografía computadorizada, aspiración-biopsia con aguja, colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica y laparotomía. La estrategia refinada establece o excluye el diagnóstico de cáncer pancreático con suficiente confiabilidad para la toma de decisiones clínicas. Esta estrategia presenté una sensibilidad global de 92% y la especificidad fué de más de 99%. El número de pruebas invasivas aumentó con la preponderancia de la enfermedad en la población, pero la frecuencia de la laparotomía de diagnóstico fué de solo 1 a 9%. La estrategia comprensiva no pudo ser mejorada en una forma significativa sin un aumento marcado en la utilización de tecnologías invasivas.
    Notizen: Abstract Comprehensive strategies for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer were evaluated with decision analysis for accuracy, cost, and invasiveness. An optimal strategy began with ultrasonography followed by a combination of computerized tomography, needle aspiration biopsy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and laparotomy. The refined strategy established or excluded the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer with sufficient reliability for clinical decisions. This strategy had an overall sensitivity of 92% and specificity was greater than 99%. The number of invasive tests increased with the prevalence of disease in the population, but the frequency of diagnostic laparotomy was only 1–9%. The comprehensive strategy could not be significantly improved without marked increases in the utilization of invasive technology.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 34 (1989), S. 1542-1546 
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Schlagwort(e): Angiodysplasia ; electrocoagulation ; lower gastrointestinal bleeding
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Angiodysplasia, a disease for which the optimal treatment is uncertain, is a frequent cause of lower intestinal bleeding among older patients. To study the natural history of angiodysplasia and compare the efficacy of medical therapy, endoscopic electrocoagulation, and surgery, the course of 101 patients evaluated from 1974 through 1983 at the Massachusetts General Hospital was reviewed. Angiodysplasia caused bleeding that ranged from occult blood in stools to massive hemorrhage and was also observed incidentally in nonbleeding patients. Patients were followed for up to 10 years (mean of 22 months). Rebleeding was defined as evidence of hemorrhage requiring hospital admission, transfusion, or surgery. Thirty-one patients were treated surgically, 19 patients were treated endoscopically, and 36 patients were treated medically. Using life table analysis we observed similar rebleeding rates among medically and endoscopically treated groups. The surgically treated group had a frequency of rebleeding less than half that of the other groups (P=0.15). A multivariate regression analysis failed to identify any factors other than coagulopathy to explain the different incidence of rebleeding in the patients treated by endoscopic electrocoagulation and surgery.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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