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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  A survey was conducted in 2002 to determine the pattern of factor prophylaxis use in boys ≤18 years of age with haemophilia followed in North American treatment centres. Responses were obtained from 4553 cases (74% haemophilia A, 26% haemophilia B). The frequency of prophylaxis, defined as factor infusion greater than or equal to once per week for ≥45 weeks per year, was significantly higher for haemophilia A vs. haemophilia B cases (51% vs. 32%, P〈 0.0001), and for boys with severe haemophilia A living in Canada vs. the USA (77% vs. 47%, P〈 0.0001). Use of full-dose prophylaxis, defined as the infusion of 25–40 IU kg−1 of factor VIII on alternate days (minimum three times per week) or 25–40 IU kg−1 of factor IX twice weekly, was similar for boys ≤5 years of age in both Canada and the USA (30% and 33% haemophilia A and 35% and 13% haemophilia B). Reasons for initiating prophylaxis included a history of joint bleeding (88%) and age ≤2 years (23%). For prophylaxis triggered by joint bleeding, 38% of haemophilia treatment centres indicated that they would initiate prophylaxis after the first joint bleed and 66% after a history of target joint bleeding, defined most frequently as 2–4 bleeds over a 3–6 consecutive month period. A central venous line was used to ensure easy venous access for full-dose prophylaxis therapy in 80% of boys ≤5 years of age. These data offer a basis for projecting long-term factor concentrate needs for persons with haemophilia living in North America.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Immunoadsorption is occasionally used as an adjuvant measure in the treatment of subjects with coagulation factor inhibitors. We reviewed our recent 3-year period experience with this procedure in 10 subjects. Immunoadsorption was used in the context of an immune tolerance protocol for 3 subjects with severe congenital deficiency in factor VIII, IX, and XIII; it was effective in lowering the level of inhibitor but immune tolerance was not achieved. It allowed successful use of porcine factor VIII in 4 cases of acquired hemophilia and in one case of inhibitor in mild hemophilia A. This therapeutic approach seems to be more useful in acquired hemophilia than in severe congenital factor deficiencies with inhibitors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  We report on a series of 108 elective orthopaedic surgical procedures. It includes 88 radiosynoviortheses and 20 major orthopaedic procedures, performed on 51 patients at nine centres worldwide. The average age of patients was 28.5 years (range 5–40 years), and the average follow-up time was 2 years (range 1–5 years). There were 82 good results, 15 fair and 11 poor. In the synoviorthesis group (41 patients, 88 synoviortheses) the average age was 14.3 years (range 5–40 years) and the average follow-up was 6.5 years (range 1–10 years). There were 66 good results, 14 fair and eight poor. There were no complications. In the group of major orthopaedic procedures, the average age of the 10 patients was 32.5 years (range 27–40 years), and the average follow-up was 2.3 years (range 1–5 years). There were 16 good results, one fair and three poor. Postoperative bleeding complications occurred in three of the 20 major orthopaedic procedures performed (15% complications rate). They occurred in three patients treated with insufficient doses of recombinant activated factor VII. Despite such complications, the study has shown that haemophilic patients with inhibitors requiring elective orthopaedic surgery (EOS) can undergo such procedures with a high expectation of success. In other words, EOS is now possible in haemophilic patients with inhibitors, leading to an improved quality of life for these patients. Thorough analysis of each case as part of a multidisciplinary team will allow us to perform elective orthopaedic procedures in patients with inhibitors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The use of porcine factor VIII (FVIII) (Hyate:C, Ipsen) has proven to be very successful in treating patients with FVIII inhibitors. The best way to predict the usefulness of porcine FVIII therapy, and/or to estimate the appropriate treatment dose in a given patient, is to measure the patient inhibitor titre against porcine FVIII with the Bethesda assay, using porcine FVIII as the source of FVIII in the assay. The goals of the present study were to (1) find the optimal storage temperature, diluent and concentration for a working solution of porcine FVIII to be used as the source of FVIII for the porcine Bethesda assay, (2) assess the reliability of the labelled FVIII units in the preparation of such working solutions of porcine FVIII and (3) compare the inhibitor titres determined by the Bethesda assay using both porcine and human standard reference curves for measuring residual FVIII. The results of the present study demonstrate that a ready-to-use working solution of 1 U mL−1 of Hyate:C diluted in human FVIII deficient plasma, either containing or deficient in von Willebrand factor antigen, is stable for up to 12 months, at −20 °C. The preparation of the 1 U mL−1 working solution could be reliably calculated based on the units indicated on the vial label. Finally, using the human standard curve yields similar results to using the porcine standard curve for measuring any titre of allo- or auto-antibody against FVIII in the Bethesda assay, using Hyate:C as the source of FVIII. These findings are of practical value when performing a porcine FVIII-based Bethesda assay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The transportation of plasma specimens to specialized haemophilia centre laboratories for anti-factor VIII inhibitor titre determination is often necessary. The routine method of transporting frozen specimens on dry ice is limited by its cost and need for special handling. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of storing specimens at room temperature on the FVIII inhibitor titre determinations using the Bethesda assay. Specimens stored both in liquid phase as well as adsorbed onto filter paper discs were studied. The results of the present study demonstrate that plasma specimens stored for up to 2 weeks at room temperature, either in liquid phase or adsorbed onto filter paper, yield equivalent measures of FVIII inhibitor titres using the Bethesda assay to plasma specimens stored frozen at −70 °C. Plasma specimens dried on filter paper discs and stored at room temperature offers a reliable, more practical and less expensive alternative to frozen plasma as a means of transport to specialized referral laboratories for analysis of anti-FVIII titres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Haemophilia 7 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Chemical synovectomy has been used for the last three decades as an alternative for surgical synovectomy in the treatment of chronic haemophilic synovitis. Comparable results have been obtained with the many different radionuclides used: decreased bleeding, decreased pain and stable range of motion, in more than 50% of treated patients. Yttrium 90Y and Phosphorus 32P seem to be the isotopes of choice. Osmic acid and rifampicine have been used in a relatively small number of subjects. Global result of treatment with these two pro-ducts seems to be less favourable than with radionuclides. Late effects of chemical synovectomy are not known.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Effective treatment of haemophilic arthropathy requires a detailed evaluation of joint integrity. Methodological assessment of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scores are needed to assure reproducibility of measurements when comparing results of clinical trials conducted in different centres. We compared the reliability of two MRI scoring systems for assessment of haemophilic arthropathy: one progressive system that displays the most severe change and one additive system that depicts osteochondral and soft tissue-related changes. A total of 47 1.5 T MRI examinations of knees (n = 21) and ankles (n = 26) of 42 haemophilic boys, age range, 22 months to 18 years, performed at different centres (Toronto, n = 20, Europe, n = 12 and Denver, n = 15) were independently reviewed by four radiologists at two occasions. Twenty-two examinations were from children 〈9 years and 25 from children ≥9. Sagittal and coronal gradient-echo (MPGR, 3D FLASH with fat saturation, GRASS) images were obtained. The MRI examinations of the ankle and knee studies presented with osteochondral abnormalities in 38.5% and 23.8% of the cases respectively. The two scoring systems demonstrated an excellent inter-reader [progressive, 0.88; additive (A, e, s and h components), 0.86] and intra-reader [progressive, 0.92; additive (A, e, s and h components), 0.93] reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Although ICCs were slightly higher for knees when compared with ankles, and for older children when compared with younger children, all values fell within excellent inter- and intra-reader reliability categories. The two MRI scoring systems demonstrated a comparable reliability. This result constitutes the basis for further development of a combined MRI scoring system for assessment of haemophilic arthropathy, which incorporates progressive and additive components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  The international MRI expert subgroup of the International Prophylaxis Study Group (IPSG) has developed a consensus for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scales for assessment of haemophilic arthropathy. A MRI scoring scheme including a 10 step progressive scale and a 20 step additive scale with identical definitions of mutual steps is presented. Using the progressive scale, effusion/haemarthrosis can correspond to progressive scores of 1, 2, or 3, and synovial hypertrophy and/or haemosiderin deposition to 4, 5, or 6. The progressive score can be 7 or 8 if there are subchondral cysts and/or surface erosions, and it is 9 or 10 if there is loss of cartilage. Using the additive scale, synovial hypertrophy contributes 1–3 points to the additive score and haemosiderin deposition contributes 1 point. For osteochondral changes, 16 statements are evaluated as to whether they are true or false, and each true statement contributes 1 point to the additive score. The use of these two compatible scales for progressive and additive MRI assessments can facilitate international comparison of data and enhance the accumulation of experience on MRI scoring of haemophilic arthropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Routine infusions of factor VIII to prevent bleeding, known as prophylaxis, and other intensive therapies are being more broadly applied to patients with haemophilia. These therapies differ widely in replacement product usage, cost, frequency of venous access and parental effort. In order to address residual issues relating to recommendations, implementation, and evaluations of prophylaxis therapy in persons with haemophila, a multinational working group was formed and called the International Prophylaxis Study Group (IPSG). The group was comprised of haemophilia treaters actively involved in studies of prophylaxis from North America and Europe. Two expert committees, the Physical Therapy (PT) Working Group and the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Working Group were organized to critically assess existing tools for assessment of joint outcome. These two committees independently concluded that the WFH Physical Examination Scale (WFH PE Scale) and the WFH X-ray Scale (WFH XR Scale) were inadequately sensitive to detect early changes in joints. New scales were developed based on suggested modifications of the existing scales and called the Haemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS) and the International MRI Scales. The new scales were piloted. Concordance was measured by the intra-class correlation coefficient of variation. Reliability of the HJHS was excellent with an inter-observer co-efficient of 0.83 and a test-retest value of 0.89. The MRI study was conducted using both Denver and European scoring approaches; inter-reader reliability using the two approaches was 0.88 and 0.87; test-retest reliability was 0.92 and 0.93. These new PT and MRI scales promise to improve outcome assessment in children on early preventive treatment regimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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