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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of H2O on the γ-Radiolysis of Aerated CH3OH1 (1962)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 84 (1962), S. 3587-3589 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00877a037
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The diagnosis of renal cell cancer in relation to hypertension (United States) (1998)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 9 (1998), S. 611-614 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Carcinoma renal cell ; hypertension ; kidney neoplasms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives: Renal cell cancer has been associated with hypertension or with drugs to treat it in several studies. We assessed whether the association is explained by more frequent detection of early renal cell cancer among persons being treated for hypertension. Methods: The data were collected in our Case-Control Surveillance Study, in which patients aged 20 to 69 years were interviewed in hospitals in Baltimore, Boston, New York, and Philadelphia during 1976-1996. We compared 134 incident cases of renal cell cancer who were being treated with drugs for hypertension to 193 untreated cases with respect to the route to diagnosis and the stage. Results: The relative risk estimate for having been diagnosed incidentally during a routine examination or workup for another condition, relative to having been diagnosed because of symptoms of renal cell cancer, was 1.3 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.7-2.5). The estimate for diagnosis at stage I or II relative to stage III or IV was 1.2 (0.7-2.1). Conclusion: In Case-Control Surveillance Study data, the relative risk estimate for renal cancer among users of various classes of antihypertensive drugs is 1.8 or 1.9. The present results suggest that this association can, at most, be explained only partially by the selective diagnosis of renal cell cancer among persons being treated for hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008830431939
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral contraceptive use and risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma (1992)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 3 (1992), S. 547-554 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Malignant melanoma ; oral contraceptives ; risk factors ; selection bias ; USA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The relation between cutaneous malignant melanoma (MM) and the use of oral contraceptives (OC) was investigated in a case-control study carried out from 1979 to 1991 among patients in hospitals and clinics in the Philadelphia (PA) and New York City (NY) metropolitan areas (United States). Cases were 615 women under age 70 who recently had been diagnosed with invasive melanoma; controls were 2,107 women of the same ages who had been treated for other conditions unrelated either to OC use or to skin diseases. The cases were categorized as severe or nonsevere based on the depth of invasion of the tumor or the presence or absence of metastases. Among the severe cases, OC use was not associated with MM: the relative risk (RR) estimate for ever-use was 1.1 (95 percent confidence interval [CI]=0.8–1.5) and the estimate for 10 or more years of use was 1.1 (CI=0.6–2.1). Nor was risk associated with recent use, long latency, or young age at first use. Among the nonsevere cases, ever-use of oral contraceptives was associated positively with MM (RR=1.5, CI=1.1–2.4) but there was no trend with increased duration of use. The findings provide evidence against the hypothesis that OC use increases the risk of malignant melanoma. The elevated estimates among the nonsevere cases most likely reflect selection bias rather than a causal relation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00052752
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The authors' reply (1993)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 4 (1993), S. 396-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00051345
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NSAIDs and risk of colorectal cancer according to presence or absence of family history of the disease (2000)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 11 (2000), S. 249-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: case–control studies ; colorectal neoplasms ; family characteristics ; NSAIDs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:We undertook the present analyses to determine whether family history of colorectal cancer in a parent or sibling modifies the inverse association of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use with colorectal cancer risk. Methods:We used data from two case–control studies of colorectal cancer. The hospital-based Case Control Surveillance Study included 1526 patients with primary colorectal cancer, 4192 cancer controls and 6036 noncancer controls. A population-based study conducted in Massachusetts enrolled 1201 incident cases of colorectal cancer and 1201 community controls. Data on NSAID use and risk factors for colorectal cancer were collected by interview. Results:In both studies there was a reduction in the odds ratios among subjects who used NSAIDs regularly continuing into the previous year, regardless of family history. In the Case–Control Surveillance data, the odds ratio was 0.4 (95% CI 0.2–0.9) among subjects with a family history and 0.5 (95% CI 0.4–0.7) among subjects without a family history. The comparable odds ratios in the Massachusetts data were 0.5 (95% CI 0.3–0.9) and 0.7 (95% CI 0.6–0.9). Conclusions:These data indicate that regular continuing NSAID use is associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer among persons with a family history of the disease, as well as those without such a history.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008931708716
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Risk of ovarian cancer according to use of antidepressants, phenothiazines, and benzodiazepines (United States) (2000)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 11 (2000), S. 839-845 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: antidepressants ; benzodiazepines ; ovarian cancer ; phenothiazines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives:An association of increased risk of ovarian cancer with use of antidepressants or benzodiazepine tranquilizers has been reported from a case–control study. We assessed the association between ovarian cancer risk and the use of tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), phenothiazine antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines, in data from the Case–Control Surveillance Study. Methods:From 1976 through 1998, data were collected from hospital patients in Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore based on demographic factors, reproductive and medical history, and medication use. In the present analyses, cases of epithelial ovarian cancer (n = 748) were compared with cancer controls (n = 1496) and noncancer controls admitted for trauma and acute infection (n = 1496). We estimated Mantel–Haenszel odds ratios adjusted for age, study center, and year of interview. Results:Odds ratios for regular use (at least 4 days/week for at least 1 month) were compatible with 1.0 for every drug class. For tricyclics and benzodiazepines the upper 95% confidence limits were less than 1.6. For phenothiazines the upper limit was 2.6 with cancer controls and 1.4 with noncancer controls. Only five cases used SSRIs, yielding unstable results. Odds ratios were not increased among women who had used any drug class for at least 5 years, nor among women who had first used them 10 or more years previously. Conclusions:These data do not support an association between regular use of any of the drugs under study with ovarian cancer risk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008982417022
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral contraceptive use and breast cancer risk among African-American women (1995)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 6 (1995), S. 321-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Blacks ; breast carcinoma ; oral contraceptives ; United States
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Recent epidemiologic studies, most of them in predominantly White populations, have suggested that long duration of oral contraceptive (OC) use may increase the risk of breast cancer at young ages. We assessed the relationship of OC use to the risk of breast cancer in African-American women aged 25 to 59 years, using interview data from a multipurpose hospital-based case-control study. Five hundred and twenty-four cases hospitalized for invasive breast cancer were compared with 1,021 controls with nonmalignant conditions unrelated to OC use. Relative risks (RR) and 95 percent confidence intervals (CI) were estimated relative to a reference category of use for less than 12 months; potential confounders were controlled by multiple logistic regression analysis. Among women under age 45, three or more years of OC use was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer: the RR estimate was 2.8 (CI=1.5–5.0) for three to four years of use, and declined to 1.5 (CI=0.8.3.0) for 10 or more years of use. Recency and timing of use did not explain the observed association. Among women aged 45 to 59, OC use was associated with little or no increase in risk: the RR estimate for three or more years of use was 1.3 (CI=0.7–2.4). The findings add to the evidence from studies of White women and a recent study of Black women which have suggested an increased risk of breast cancer at young ages for moderate or long duration use of OCs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00051407
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parental ages at birth in relation to a daughter's risk of breast cancer among female participants in the Framingham study (United States) (1995)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 6 (1995), S. 23-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Breast neoplasms ; cohort study ; daughters ; maternal age ; paternal age ; United States
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Data from the Framingham Heart Study, collected in Framingham, MA (United States) during 1948–86, were used to evaluate the relation of parental age at birth to the risk of breast cancer among daughters. After 38 years of follow-up, 149 breast cancer cases occurred among 2,662 women. All but two cases were confirmed by histologic report. The rate of breast cancer increased among daughters with increasing maternal age at birth up to the mid-30s, where the rate levelled off. A similar pattern was observed with paternal age. After adjustment for other confouding factors and paternal age, the rate ratios for breast cancer in daughters whose mothers were aged 26 to 31 years and 32 or more years at their birth, relative to women whose mothers were aged 25 years or younger, were 1.5 (95 percent confidence interval [CI]=1.0–2.4) and 1.3 (CI=0.8–2.2), respectively. However, there was no longer an association between paternal age at birth and risk of breast cancer after controlling for maternal age and other risk factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00051677
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transitional cell cancer of the urinary tract and renal cell cancer in relation to acetaminophen use (United States) (1998)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 9 (1998), S. 83-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Acetaminophen ; kidney neoplasms ; renal cell carcinoma ; United States
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Experimental and epidemiologic evidence have suggested that phenacetin use increases the risk of transitional cell cancers of the urinary tract. The drug is no longer marketed but a commonly used metabolite, acetaminophen, has been linked recently to an increased risk of renal cancer. We assessed the relation of acetaminophen use to the risk of transitional cell cancer of the urinary tract and of renal cell cancer with data from a hospital-based study of cancers and medication use conducted from 1976-96 in the eastern United States. We compared 498 cases of transitional cell cancer and 383 cases of renal cell cancer with 8,149 noncancer controls and 6,499 cancer controls and controlled confounding factors with logistic regression. For transitional cell cancer, the relative risk (RR) estimate for regular acetaminophen use that had begun at least a year before admission was 1.1 (95 percent confidence interval [CI] = 0.6-1.9) based on noncancer controls, and 0.9 (CI = 0.5-1.6) based on cancer controls. RR estimates for use that lasted at least five years, and for nonregular use, were also close to 1.0. For renal cell cancer, the corresponding estimates were again close to 1.0. Our results suggest that acetaminophen, as used in present study population, does not influence the risk of transitional cell cancer of the urinary tract or of renal cell cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008805505154
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induced and spontaneous abortion in relation to risk of breast cancer (United States) (1997)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 8 (1997), S. 841-849 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Abortion ; breast carcinoma ; risk factors ; United States ; women
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The relation of induced and spontaneous abortion to the risk of breast cancer is evaluated in a hospital-based case-control interview study conducted in three cities in the United States from 1985 through 1995. Cases were 1,803 women aged 25 to 64 years with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer; controls were 4,182 women of the same ages admitted for conditions unrelated to reproductive factors. Other breast cancer risk-factors were controlled through multiple logistic regression. The reference for allanalyses was women who had never had an abortion, either induced or spontaneous. Among parous women, the relative risk (RR) estimate was 1.1 (95percent confidence interval [CI] = 0.9-1.5) for induced abortion overall, 1.0(CI = 0.7-1.4) for abortion before the first birth, and 1.3 (CI = 1.0-1.8)for abortion after at least one birth. Among nulliparous women, the relative risk estimate for induced abortion was 1.3 (CI = 0.9-1.9). There was no trend of increased risk with number of abortions, nor was there consistent evidence of an increased risk in any particular subgroup. Spontaneous abortion was not associated with increased risk of breast cancer, either among nulliparous women or among parous women. These findings provide little support for the hypothesis that induced abortion increases breast cancer risk overall or in particular subgroups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018408211089
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