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Chocolate at a Sliding Interface (2002)

Lee, S. ; Heuberger, M. ; Rousset, P. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0

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ISSN: 1750-3841

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Notes: The tribological properties of a chocolate-lubricated tribo-system have been measured with a pin-on-disk tribometer employing poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE)/zirconia (ZrO2) as the tribo-pair. For this study, a series of test chocolate samples was prepared by systematic variation of conching type, particle-size distribution, milk fat/cocoa butter ratio, and lecithin content. Tribological measurements were found to be sensitive to lecithin content for all particle sizes investigated, while only being sensitive to particle size at high lecithin content. Rheological measurements were found to be sensitive to lecithin content in the case of small particle size, and sensitive to particle size in the case of low lecithin content.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb08803.x

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Lipolysis, fatness, gender and plasma leptin concentrations in healthy, normal-weight subjects (1999)

Morio, B. ; Gachon, A.M. ; Boirie, Y. ; [et al.]

Springer

European journal of nutrition 38 (1999), S. 14-19

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ISSN: 1436-6215

Keywords: Key words Leptin – %fat, 18O-labelled water – glycerol – NEFA

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine

Notes: Summary Background: Relationship between plasma leptin and adioposity and gender has been reported in adults. Effect of age on plasma leptin is unclear and regulation of leptin production by white adipose tissue is still poorly understood. Objectives: To study if age and parameters of lipolysis are related to plasma leptin concentrations. Methods: Seventy-seven healthy, normal-weight subjects (age range 19–82 y.) had measurements of body composition (18oxygen dilution technique) and of fasting plasma levels of leptin, glycerol, and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). Results: Plasma leptin was correlated to NEFA (r=0.28) and glycerol (r=0.48) concentrations. The relationship between %fat and plasma leptin was best fitted by an exponential (r2=0.82). In multiple regression %fat, body mass index, glycerol, and gender, but not fat mass, age or NEFA contributed independently to the variation in log plasma leptin. Log plasma leptin was higher in women than in men for a given glycerol concentration. Conclusion: Adiposity, lipolysis, and gender are related to plasma leptin in healthy humans.