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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mRNA encoding the scrapie agent protein is present in a variety of non-neuronal cells (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 80 (1990), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Scrapie ; In situ hybridization ; Unconventional agents ; Protease-resistant protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary PrP 27–30, a unique protease-resistant protein associated with scrapie infectivity, derives from the proteolytic cleavage of a larger precursor encoded by a host gene. To identify sites of PrP biosynthesis, in situ hybridization was done using cloned PrP cDNA as a probe. In rodent brain, PrP mRNA was expressed in neurons, ependymal cells, choroid plexus epithelium, astrocytes, pericytes, endothelial cells and meninges of both scrapie-infected and uninfected animals. PrP mRNA was also detected in vitro in isolated brain microglia cells. Pulmonary cells and heart muscle cells contained high levels of this mRNA. Hybridization was not detected in spleen, confirming earlier RNA blot experiments indicating extremely low levels of PrP mRNA in this tissue. Results indicate that PrP mRNA is a normal component in a variety of non-neuronal tissues and may explain the origin of the amyloid plaques present in the subependymal region of scrapie-infected brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294214
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology and distribution of Alzheimer neuritic (senile) and amyloid plaques in striatum and diencephalon (1984)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 64 (1984), S. 273-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Alzheimer plaques ; Striatum ; Diencephalon ; White matter ; Subcortical fiber tracts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mapping of striatal and diencephalic plaque distribution was conducted in 25 cases of dementia of the Alzheimer type. This analysis was carried out by fluorescence microscopy of paraffinembedded tissue sections treated with Thioflavine S as fluorochrome. Consistent differences in plaque morphology and density between nuclei and fiber tracts were observed. Striatal and pallidal distribution was uneven, with plaque aggregation near and within certain fiber tracts: capsules, medullary laminae, and radial fasciculi. Diencephalic plaques showed also preferred aggregation near and within fiber tracts and within the intralaminar nuclei. The different subcortical plaque morphologies observed according to the nuclear or fiber tract location of the amyloid plaque, indicates that the peripheral (“halo”) portion of the plaque is determined by the neuropil response to the primary event: the amyloid deposit. No correlation was observed between the distribution of plaques and any particular neurotransmitter system. In that respect, plaques were present within the nucleus basalis. Neurofibrillary tangle distribution was also seen to be dissociated from plaque distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690393
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of non-fibrillar amyloid b protein in skin biopsies of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Down's syndrome and non-AD normal persons (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 201-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Amyloid β protein ; Skin biopsy ; Alzheimer's disease ; Down's syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 66 skin biopsies from persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or Down's syndrome (DS) and from persons without AD were used in this study. The age range was from 7 to 89 years. Positive immunoreactivity of skin biopsies to monoclonal antibody 4G8, which is reactive to amino acid residue 17 – 24 of synthetic amyloid β protein (Aβ), and 4G8-Fab (the antigen-binding fragment of 4G8 IgG, reactive only to amyloid plaque) was observed in the epidermis-dermis junction or the basement membrane of the epidermis and in some blood vessels of the biopsy skins of 13/18 (72  %) AD, 9/10 (90  %) DS, and 14/38 (37  %) non-AD control cases. The Fisher exact probability test revealed a significant difference (P=0.0415 one-tailed) in immunoreactivity between AD and age-matched controls. There was also a significant difference (P=0.0152 one-tailed; P=0.0200 two-tailed) between DS and age-matched control in the same test. Immuno-gold electron microscopy examination of these cases with positive immunoreactivity revealed that the gold particles were deposited along the basement membrane of the epidermis. Amyloid fibrils were not observed in the regions with gold particles. Results of this study suggest that Aβ is associated with the basement membrane of skin and is present in amorphous, non-fibrillar form as soluble Aβ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00293394
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adult fragile X syndrome (1985)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 67 (1985), S. 289-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Fragile X ; Synapses ; Dendritic spines ; Macro-orchidism ; Golgi stain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fragile X syndrome [fra (X)] is currently accepted as the second most frequent chromosomal disorder associated with developmental disability. Although next to Down syndrome in frequency, no postmortem studies of confirmed adult cases had been reported. The autopsy examination of a 62-year-old, moderately retarded man with the fra (X) syndrome confirmed the preferential involvement of cerebral and testicular structures in this disorder.Dendritic spine abnormalities of the type observed in trisomic chromosomal disorders were associated with synaptic immaturity. Severe testicular hypogonadism accompanied bilateralmacro-orchidism, normal penis, and unilateral hydrocele. Valvular, articular, and testicular interstitial compartments showed normal histochemical staining characteristics for glycoproteins and lipids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687814
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measles virus matrix protein gene expression in a subacute sclerosing panencephalitis patient brain and virus isolate demonstrated by cDNA hybridization and immunocytochemistry (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 75 (1987), S. 123-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; In situ hybridization ; Matrix protein ; Measles virus ; Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare, fatal disease of children caused by a persistent measles virus infection of the central nervous system. A defect in synthesis of measles virus matrix (M) protein may be a factor in virus persistence in the brain. This study details attempts to detect expression of M protein in the brain of an SSPE patient, in the cell-associated virus isolated from this brain, and in brains of ferrets inoculated with the isolate. In situ hybridization with a tritiated cloned cDNA probe was used to search for RNA encoding M protein. Immunostaining with monospecific antiserum and the avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique was done to locate the polypeptide. The data obtained indicate that although nucleotide sequences coding for M protein were detected in the patient and ferret brains, expression of M protein in these tissues could not be detected. In the cultured SSPE virus isolate, the results were the same until the infected cells were examined by electron microscopy and a very limited expression of M protein was revealed. This suggests either diminished synthesis and/or rapid degradation of M protein in this cell-associated virus strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687072
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clozapine metabolism rate as a possible index of drug-induced granulocytopenia (1998)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 137 (1998), S. 341-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Clozapine ; Metabolism ; Granulocytopenia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A possible relationship between haematological adverse reactions and clozapine (CLZ) metabolism rate was studied. Sixteen chronic schizophrenic outpatients (mean age 34.62 years ± 7.56 SD) were treated with CLZ, 75–600 mg/daily for 9 weeks. CLZ and norclozapine (NCLZ) plasma levels were determined weekly, contemporarily with blood cell counts.  CLZ plasma levels ranged from 25 to 1270 ng/ml (mean 266.27 ng/ml ± 197.44 SD), while NCLZ plasma levels ranged from 25 to 1280 ng/ml (mean 169.0 ng/ml ± 127.94 SD). NCLZ/CLZ ratio ranged from 0.13 to 1.72 (mean 0.72 ± 0.28 SD). Leukocyte count ranged from 5.2 to 18.8 109/l (mean 9.37 109/l ± 2.94 SD) and neutrophil count ranged from 1.8 to 13.4 109/l (mean 5.73 ± 2.57 SD). No correlation was found between CLZ dosage and NCLZ plasma levels. Both CLZ and NCLZ plasma levels correlated positively with neutrophil count (CLZ: P = 0.001, r = 0.26; NCLZ: P = 0.01, r = 0.20). The correlation between NCLZ/CLZ plasma level ratio and neutrophil count was significantly negative (P = 0.002, r  = 0.25). These preliminary data suggest that the NCLZ/CLZ ratio, as an index of CLZ metabolism, might be a possible risk factor associated with CLZ treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050628
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elastofibroma of the neck (2000)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 29 (2000), S. 109-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Fat ; Elastofibroma ; Neck ; CT ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Elastofibromas are benign lesions of the chest wall. We describe the first reported case of elastofibroma in the neck. Imaging features as well as location of the lesion were atypical. On computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging the lesion contained a marked preponderance of fat, because the lesion arose within fat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050021
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of non-fibrillar amyloid β protein in skin biopsies of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Down's syndrome and non-AD normal persons (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 201-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Amyloid β protein ; Skin biopsy Alzheimer's disease ; Down's syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 66 skin biopsies from persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or Down's syndrome (DS) and from persons without AD were used in this study. The age range was from 7 to 89 years. Positive immunoreactivity of skin biopsies to monoclonal antibody 4G8, which is reactive to amino acid residue 17–24 of synthetic amyloid β protein (Aβ), and 4G8-Fab (the antigen-binding fragment of 4G8 IgG, reactive only to amyloid plaque) was observed in the epidermis-dermis junction or the basement membrane of the epidermis and in some blood vessels of the biopsy skins of 13/18 (72%) AD, 9/10 (90%) DS, and 14/38 (37%) non-AD control cases. The Fisher exact probability test revealed a significant difference (P=0.0415 one-tailed) in immunoreactivity between AD and age-matched controls. There was also a significant difference (P=0.0152 one-tailed; P=0.0200 two-tailed) between DS and age-matched control in the same test. Immuno-gold electron microscopy examination of these cases with positive immunoreactivity revealed that the gold particles were deposited along the basement membrane of the epidermis. Amyloid fibrils were not observed in the regions with gold particles. Results of this study suggest that Aβ is associated with the basement membrane of skin and is present in amorphous, non-fibrillar form as soluble Aβ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00293394
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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