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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of protamine on adhesion, chemotaxis and proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (1997)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 40 (1997), S. 67-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Protamine ; insulin ; heparin ; vascular smooth muscle cells ; diabetic angiopathy ; atherosclerosis.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It has been shown that, in streptozotocin diabetic rats, protamine-retarded insulin administered in vivo stimulates intimal hyperplasia in balloon-injured carotid artery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of protamine on cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMC), by observing its effects on adhesion, chemotaxis and proliferation. hVSMC were isolated during abdominal surgery, cultured and utilized at passages 6–10. We observed that protamine stimulates: 1) cell adhesion in the concentration range 0.04–20 μg/ml (analysis of variance, ANOVA, p 〈 0.0001); 2) cell chemotaxis in the absence of fetal calf serum (FCS) in the concentration range 1–200 μg/ml (ANOVA, p 〈 0.0001) and in the presence of 1 % FCS in the concentration range 5–200 μg/ml (ANOVA, p 〈 0.0001), further enhancing the chemotaxis induced by 10 % FCS in the concentration range 20–200 μg/ml (ANOVA, p 〈 0.0001); 3) cell proliferation and 3H-thymidine incorporation from 1 to 5 μg/ml (ANOVA, p 〈 0.0001); 4) cell c-fos oncoprotein nuclear expression. We also observed that protamine effects on chemotaxis, proliferation and c-fos expression are inhibited by heparin that human insulin stimulates cell proliferation and 3H-thymidine incorporation (ANOVA, p 〈 0.0001) at concentrations equal to or greater than 480 pmol/l and that these effects of insulin persist in the presence of protamine. In conclusion, protamine influences hVSMC behaviour by interfering with biological functions involved in atherogenesis. The concentrations used in this short-term in vitro study were higher than those probably occurring in vivo in patients chronically treated by protamine-retarded insulin preparations: further studies, therefore, are needed to evaluate the safety of protamine as a retardant of insulin action in vivo. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: 67–75]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050644
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro effects of ultraviolet A on histamine release from human basophils (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  As long-wave ultraviolet (UV) radiation penetrates the dermis, connective tissue cellular components and circulating blood cells can be possible targets for solar UVA. Basophils, involved in the effector phase of the inflammatory response, play a part in skin diseases such as chronic urticaria, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, fixed drug eruption, allergic contact dermatitis, urticaria pigmentosa, systemic sclerosis and bullous pemphigoid.Objective  The evaluation of the in vitro effect of UVA on histamine release from human basophils.Methods  Basophils from healthy human volunteers were irradiated, respectively, with UVA at doses of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 20 and 50 J/cm2 and then incubated with an anti-IgE serum. A fluorimetric technique was employed to determine histamine release from samples: (i) incubated with 2% HClO4 (complete lysis of basophils); (ii) irradiated with increasing doses of UVA; and (iii) unirradiated (controls).Results  Histamine release was: 100% for HClO4 incubated basophils, 30% for unirradiated and anti-IgE incubated cells (controls) and 27%, 24%, 34%, 41%, 60% and 70% for basophils irradiated with UVA doses, respectively, of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 20 and 50 J/cm2 and incubated with anti-IgE. Histamine releasability from irradiated samples was statistically significant (P 〈 0.05), in comparison with controls, at UVA doses equal to 5, 10, 20 and 50 J/cm2.Conclusions  UVA exerts, at least in vitro, a biphasic dose-dependent action on histamine release from human basophils incubated with an anti-IgE serum: at the lowest irradiation doses (〈 5 J/cm2) it exerts an inhibitory effect and at the highest doses ( 10 J/cm2) histamine release increases significantly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-3083.2003.00679.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Critical Steps in Breast Carcinogenesis (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 698 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb17187.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prospective comparative study of magnetic resonance imaging versus transrectal ultrasound for preoperative staging and follow-up of rectal cancer (1991)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 34 (1991), S. 1068-1072 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Rectal cancer ; Staging ; Transrectal ultrasound ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The efficiency of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and that of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) were compared in preoperative staging of 15 patients with rectal cancer and in postoperative follow-up of 12 patients. Thirteen of the 15 patients evaluated for preoperative staging were operated on. Preoperative staging and pathologic finding were identical in 11 patients (84.6 percent) examined by TRUS and in 10 patients (76.9 percent) examined by MRI. Recurrent cancer was detected in 3 of 12 patients in the follow-up group. MRI was able to diagnose correctly 10 of 12 patients (83.2 percent), one patient was misdiagnosed, and in one patient the MRI could not distinguish between fibrous tissue and recurrent cancer. TRUS diagnosed correctly only 5 of 12 patients (41.6 percent). One was falsely diagnosed, and, in 6 patients (50 percent), this examination could not differentiate between fibrous tissue and recurrent tumor. According to our results, both MRI and TRUS have a place in the preoperative staging of patients with rectal cancer. The main differences between the two methods were in the differential diagnoses of fibrous tissue and recurrent cancer. MRI being more specific in detection of recurrence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02050063
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of age and parity on the development of the human breast (1992)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 23 (1992), S. 211-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast ; development ; parity ; age ; human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Breast cancer is heavily influenced by the reproductive history of the individual. Pregnancy has a protective effect which is attributed to differences in the degree of differentiation of the breast. The purpose of this work was to determine whether the quantity and the type of parenchymal structures present in the human breast were related to the age and parity history of a woman. Fifty-one human breast samples were obtained from bilateral or unilateral reduction mammoplasties performed in 40 parous women ranging in age from 18 to 57 years, and 11 nulliparous women ranging in age from 14 to 54 years. An average of 100 grams of tissue/specimen were processed for whole mount. A total of 650 slides were examined and 31,222 structures were classified and counted under the light microscope. The following mammary structures were identified: terminal structures (TS), and lobules (LOB) type 1, 2, and 3. Results were plotted for the total patient population and separately for nulliparous and parous women against age. The total patient population contained similar proportions of Lobl, 2, and 3 between ages 14–18, with a reduction of percentage of Lobl and increase in Lob3 between ages 23 to the middle forties, when Lob3 decreased and Lobl increased to 70%. Lob2 and TS did not exhibit significant changes throughout the period of life analyzed. When analyzed separately it was found that the breasts of nulliparous women were predominantly composed of Lob1, fewer Lob2, with Lob3 almost completely absent, whereas parous women had a high frequency of Lob3, which were the predominant structures until the fourth decade of life. Thereafter, their number decreased, with a concomitant increase in Lob1. These changes resulted in a similar appearance in the architecture of the breast of parous and nulliparous women after the fifth decade of life. It was concluded that there are striking differences in the developmental pattern of the breast between nulliparous and parous women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01833517
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