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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 2163-2168 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Several kinds of bending magnet systems are used in present neutral beam injectors. In these systems the fringe magnetic field due to finite dimensions of the bending magnet plays an important role in the ion beam deflection. The power deposition profile on the ion dump surface is strongly influenced by the exit angles of the reflected ions with respect to the magnet boundary. However, it is not easy to predict the exit angles of the ions because both focusing and defocusing forces act on these ions during their reflections, and hence it is difficult to predict whether the power density on the ion dump surface increases or decreases. In order to investigate the effect of the fringe magnetic field on beam reflection in a 180° bending magnet system, we calculate power deposition profiles on the ion dump surface by applying a Monte Carlo technique. The computational results show that the power deposition profile is very sensitive to change of the magnetic field strength. When the magnetic field strength increases by 5%, for example, the maximum power density shows an increase of 80%. We also compare the calculated power deposition profile with the experimentally measured profile. The measured profiles are in good agreement with the calculated ones without considering the beam expansion due to a space-charge effect of the reflecting ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Radiochemical measurements have been developed for the diagnostics of laser-driven implosion plasmas. The excellent calibration for neutron-yield measurement has been done using β-γ coincidence technique. The multiactivable tracer method has been examined for measuring the pusher areal density by means of a high-purity germanium detector. The first experimental success of the secondary nuclear fusion reaction method is also demonstrated for the direct measurement of the fuel ρR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 31 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  To measure resting whole saliva, draining and spitting methods have been commonly used. However, these methods require the patients’ understanding and cooperation. The aim of this study was to establish a method for measuring the salivary flow rate that does not rely on patient's cooperation or the state of the mouth and does not cause any discomfort to patients when performing the measurements. The salivary flow rate in the lower labial mucosal region was measured by means of strips that incorporated the iodo-starch reaction. The salivary flow rate was then calculated on the basis of the number of spots and area of discoloration on the strip. In order to test the validity of these methods, the correlation between these results and resting whole saliva measured by the draining method was also investigated. A positive correlation was found between the salivary flow rate estimated from the area of discoloration on the strip and the resting whole saliva (r=0·678, P=0·01). Therefore, these findings indicate that this is a valid method of measuring the salivary flow rate in the lower labial mucosal region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 30 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  The aim of this study was to clarify the factors related to the formation of the buccal mucosa ridging, which has been mentioned to be a clinical sign of clenching. Twenty-one individuals were investigated and divided into three groups: (i) those without buccal mucosa ridging, (ii) the buccal mucosa ridging located in all the posterior teeth region, and (iii) the buccal mucosa ridging corresponding only to the molar teeth region. A pressure sensor was used and placed at two points: first upper premolar and second upper molar. The recording tasks were: (i) silent reading at rest, (ii) light voluntary clenching, (iii) maximum voluntary clenching, (iv) holding the cheeks tightly against the teeth while light voluntary clenching, (v) holding the cheeks tightly against the teeth without tooth contact, (vi) pulling angle of mouth laterally while light voluntary clenching, (vii) pulling angle of mouth laterally without tooth contact and (viii) swallowing. No significant differences were found between groups in all the recording tasks except for the swallowing, at which significant difference (P 〈 0·05) was found between the groups of individuals having buccal mucosa ridging and without it. Based on these results it became clear that the buccal mucosa pressure exerted on the buccal aspect of teeth during swallowing plays an important role in the formation of buccal mucosa ridging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 27 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to establish a clinical method for diagnosing diurnal bruxism in denture wearers by recording masseter and anterior temporal electromygraph (EMG) activity. Seven suspected bruxists and five normal patients who wore complete dentures and/or distal extension base removable partial dentures were selected for participation. EMG activity in both the masseter and the anterior temporal muscles was recorded bilaterally during silent reading (10 min), maximal voluntary clenching (MVC), tapping in centric occlusion, lateral movements, chewing and swallowing. No significant differences of EMG activity were found between the groups during tapping, lateral movement, chewing and swallowing (P〉0·05). However, during 10 min of silent reading, a significant difference was found between the groups when comparing masseter muscle activity (P〈0·05). A threshold of 10% of MVC of at least 3-s duration was used to define an individual bruxism event. When the muscle activity recorded during silent reading was further analysed using these criteria, the control group displayed no bruxing activity while the suspected bruxist group displayed a mean frequency of six bruxism events (range 2–10). It was concluded that: (a) masseter muscle activity recorded during 10 min of silent reading showed significant difference between the groups; (b) the criteria selected in this study for the detection of sleep bruxism can also be used to assess diurnal bruxism; and (c) it is possible to diagnose diurnal bruxism in denture wearers by measuring the masseter EMG activity during 10 min of silent reading.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 29 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the continuous compression assumed as a result of light clenching on the blood flow of the denture underlying mucosa in tissue-supported or tooth-tissue-supported denture wearers. Measurements were carried out on eight removable partial denture wearers (three males and five females, from 50 to 72 years, mean age: 61·5 years). The blood flow in the denture underlying mucosa was measured at the unilateral mandibular first molar region using an experimental denture base equipped with a laser Doppler flowmeter. The area of the experimental denture base was 2 cm2, and the loading force was 1 kgf. The loading time was set at 5, 10, 20, 30 and 60 s. The blood flow after 20 s loading was 〈15% in rest. The times from release of loading to the maximum blood flow and from release of loading to recovery up to 110% of the blood flow at pre-loading were significantly prolonged by an increase in the loading time. Even if it is light, a continuous clenching results in ischaemia and delays the recovery of blood flow in the mucosa underlying the denture after release of compression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Cytosolic free calcium ; Endothelin antagonist ; Myriceron caffeoyl ester ; Receptor binding ; Vasoconstriction
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    European Economic Review 35 (1991), S. 1575-1587 
    ISSN: 0014-2921
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Crystal Growth 33 (1976), S. 353-355 
    ISSN: 0022-0248
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Solid State Ionics 35 (1989), S. 405-410 
    ISSN: 0167-2738
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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