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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Notes. Cleaning procedures for removal of external deposits from plant samples (1982)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 16 (1982), S. 536-539 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00102a020
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The phylogenetic position of Hydrogenobacter acidophilus based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 119 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Hydrogenobacter acidophilus strain 3H-1 is a thermoacidophilic, obligately chemolithoautotrophic, hydrogen-oxidizer isolated from a Japanese solfataric field. Strain 3H-1 requires elemental sulfur for growth. We used PCR to amplify the 16S rRNA gene of strain 3H-1, and sequenced the amplification product directly. Phylogenetic analyses show strain 3H-1 is closely related to Aquifex pyrophilus and may be located in the deepest branch within the eubacterial phylogenetic tree. Sulfur-dependency of the ancestral eubacterium is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb06877.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symbiotic association in Chlorella culture (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 51 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Chlorella sorokiniana IAM C-212 has long been maintained in slant culture as a mixed strain, representing an associated natural microbial consortium. In this study, the consortium was separated and five nonalgal constituents, a fungal strain (CSSF-1), and four bacterial strains (CSSB-1, CSSB-2, CSSB-3, and CSSB-4) were isolated and identified. 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed that strains CSSB-1, CSSB-2, CSSB-3, and CSSB-4 were close to Ralstonia pickettii (99.8% identity), Sphingomonas sp. DD38 (99.4% identity), Microbacterium trichotecenolyticum (98.6% identity), and Micrococcus luteus (98.6% identity) respectively. 18S rDNA sequence analysis revealed that strain CSSF-1 resembled Acremonium-like hyphomycete KR21–2 (98.8%). The fungal strain CSSF-1 and one of the bacterial strains, CSSB-3, were found to promote the growth of Chlorella while the presence of bacterial strains CSSB-1 and CSSB-2 had no effect. Strain CSSB-4 could not be subcultured so its role was not elucidated. These results show that the interaction between Chlorella and its symbionts under photoautotrophic conditions involved both mutualism and commensalisms. The chlorophyll content of mixed strain was stable in long-term cultivation (7 months) while the chlorophyll content of a pure culture showed a marked decline. Electron microscopic analysis showed the two bacterial strains CSSB-2 and CSSB-3 were harbored on the sheath excreted by Chlorella, while the fungal strain CSSF-1 and the bacterial strain CSSB-1 directly adhered to the Chlorella cell surface.This report is the first observation of a symbiotic relationship among fungus, bacteria, and Chlorella, and the first observation of direct adhesion of fungus and bacteria to Chlorella in a consortium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsec.2004.08.004
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thickness variation of the G-layer along a mature and a differentiating tension wood fiber in Populus euramericana (1977)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 11 (1977), S. 23-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The thickness variation of the secondary wall layers along a mature tension wood fiber was examined, using serial transverse sections, and that of the gelatinous layer along a differentiating fiber was also studied. In a mature gelatinous fiber the G-layer was the thickest in the central region of the fiber and decreased in thickness toward the tips. The thickness of the S2 layer also decreased from the center toward the tips, whereas the S1 layer showed a uniform thickness throughout the fiber length. From the observations of some differentiating fibers it was concluded that the G-layer possesses a uniform thickness along the length of a fiber at the earliest stage of G-layer formation and that the more the fiber develops, the greater is the reduction in thickness of the G-layer from the center of the fiber toward the tips. The thickening process of secondary wall layers is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00353598
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Embedding substances of pit membranes in softwood tracheids and their degradation by enzymes (1974)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 8 (1974), S. 243-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The bordered pit membranes of conifer tracheids, which are embedded in amorphous substances throughout the differentiating zone, are perforated in the margo region in the process of maturing. The pit membranes of differentiating tracheids were treated with hemicellulase and pectinase, and the morphological changes caused by the enzymes were examined. Hemicellulase degraded only the embedding substances of the margo, whereas pectinase caused digestion in the future torus region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00351858
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellulose Synthesized by Acetobacter Xylinum in the Presence of Acetyl Glucomannan (1998)
    Springer
    Cellulose 5 (1998), S. 249-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-882X
    Keywords: cellulose ; acetyl glucomannan ; electron microscopy ; X-ray diffractometry ; FT-IR spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Acetobacter xylinum was cultured in Hestrin-Schramm medium (control medium) and Hestrin-Schramm medium containing acetyl glucomannan (mannan medium). Loose bundles of the cellulose microfibrils are formed in the mannan medium in contrast to the normal ribbons being produced in the control medium. Rapid-freeze and substitution method followed by metal-shadowing revealed the droplet-like structures around the microfibril synthesized in the mannan medium. The cellulose synthesized in the mannan medium was stained heavily by the periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate (PATAg) method, while the cellulose synthesized in the control medium was not stained. X-ray diffractometry and FT-IR spectroscopy indicated that the addition of mannan induced a change in the crystal structure from the algal-bacterial type to the cotton-ramie type. Thus the presence of acetyl glucomannan in the medium prevents the assembly of cellulose microfibrils and changes the crystal structure of cellulose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009211927183
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Possible dual roles of an allelopathic compound, cis-dehydromatricaria ester (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 8 (1982), S. 185-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Allelopathy ; cis-dehydromatricaria ester ; allomone ; dual roles ; nematicide ; selective toxicity ; plant-parasite nematode ; free-living nematode
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The aqueous extract of the root ofSolidago altissima was lethal to nematodes. The major compound isolated from the toxic fraction wascis-dehydromatricaria ester (methyl 2-decene-4,6,8-triynoate), which is already known as an allelopathic compound of a composite showing growth-inhibition to a rice seedling. This compound showed high toxicity to plant-parasite nematodes. A composite exudes one defending substance against both competitive plants and plant-parasite nematodes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984015
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Desulfurization of coal by microbial column flotation (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44 (1994), S. 125-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Thiobacillus ferrooxidans ; flotation ; coal pyrite ; desulfurization ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Twenty-three strains capable of oxidizing iron were isolated from coal and ore storage sites as well as coal and ore mines, volcanic areas, and hot spring. Four strains were found to have high iron-oxidizing activity. One strain (T-4) was selected for this experiment since the strain showed the fastest leaching rate of iron and sulfate from pyrite among the four strains. The T-4 strain was assigned for Thiobacillus ferrooxidans from its cultural and morphological characteristics.Bacterial treatment was applied to column flotation. An increase of cell density in the microbial column flotation resulted in the increase of pyrite removal from a coal-pyrite mixture (high sulfur imitated coal) with corresponding decrease of coal recovery. The addition of kerosene into the microbial column flotation increased the recovery of the imitated coal from 55% (without kerosene) to 81% (with 50 μL/L kerosene) with the reduction of pyrite sulfur content from 11% (feed coal) to 3.9% (product coal). The kerosene addition could reduce the pyritic sulfur content by collecting the coal in the recovery. However, the addition could not enhance separation of pyrite from the coal-pyrite mixture, since pyrite rejection was not affected by the increase of the kerosene addition. An excellent separation was obtained by the microbial flotation using a long column which had a length-diameter (L/D) ratio of 12.7. The long column flotation reduced the pyritic sulfur content from 11% (feed coal) to 1.8% (product coal) when 80% of the feed coal was recovered without the kerosene addition. The long column flotation not only attained an excellent separation but also reduced the amount of cells for desulfurization to as little as one-tenth of the reported amount. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260440118
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of microbial flotation using Thiobacillus ferrooxidans for pyrite suppression (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 41 (1993), S. 671-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Thiobacillus ferrooxidans ; bacterial adhesion ; flotation ; coal ; pyrite ; desulfurization ; ore dressing ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Microbial desulfurization might be developed as a new process for the removal of pyrite sulfur from coal sluries such as coal-water mixture (CWM). An application of iron-oxidizing bacterium Thiobacillus ferrooxidans to flotation would shorten the periods of the microbial removal of pyrite from some weeks by leaching methods to a few minutes. The floatability of pyrite in flotation was mainly reduced by T. ferrooxidans itself rather than by other microbial substances in bacterial culture as additive of flotation liquor. Floatability was suppressed within a few seconds by bacterial contact. The suppression was proportional to increasing the number of cells observed between bacterial adhesion and the suppression of floatability. If 25% of the total pyrite surface area covered with the bacteria, pyrite floatability would be completely depressed. Bacteria that lost their iron-oxidizing activities by sodium cyanide treatment were also able to adhere to pyrite and reduced pyrite floatability as much as normal bacteria did. Thiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270, T-1, 9, and 11, which had different iron-oxidizing abilities, suppressed floatability to similar-levels. The oxidizing ability of bacteria did not influence the suppressing effect. These results showed the mechanism of the suppression of pyrite floatability by bacteria. Quick bacterial adhesion to pyrite induced floatability suppression by changing the surface property from hydrophobic. The quick adhesion of the bacterium was the novel function which worked to change the surface property of pyrite to remove it from coal. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260410611
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iron accumulation in tobacco plants expressing soyabean ferritin gene (1998)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 7 (1998), S. 173-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: ferritin ; iron ; soyabean ; tobacco ; transgenic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract High iron-content transgenic tobacco plants have been produced by transfer via Agrobacterium tumefaciens of soyabean ferritin cDNA under the control of a CaMV 35S promoter. Immunoblot analysis of protein from transgenic tobacco plants suggested mature ferritin subunits are produced by cleavage of transit peptides. The expressed ferritin was observed in the tissues of leaves and stems. The maximal iron content of transformant leaves was approximately 30% higher than leaves from non-transformants. The increased iron content of each transformant was correlated with increases in ferritin content. These results demonstrate the potential of breeding high iron content crops by introduction of the ferritin gene
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008836812714
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