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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words Soil solarization ; Ectomycorrhizal soil infectivity ; Forest nursery ; Inoculation ; Mycorrhizal receptiveness ; Laccaria bicolor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Field experiments were carried out in a forest nursery during the summer of 1994 to examine the effect of soil solarization on ectomycorrhizal soil infectivity (ESI) and soil receptiveness to inoculation with Laccaria bicolor. Soil samples from solarized, steamed, fumigated and untreated plots were periodically collected and assayed for ESI. Untreated soil exhibited high ESI. Solarization was as effective as steaming or fumigation in reducing ESI in the uppermost layer. Solarization with a double layer of polyethylene film and fumigation were the only treatments which reduced ESI deeper in the soil. During July, the temperature of covered beds reached 50  °C at a soil depth of 5 cm. Ectomycorrhizal fungi were among the soil-borne fungi most sensitive to solar heating. Soil solarization provides an effective disinfection method for controlled mycorrhization in forest nurseries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 158 (1999), S. 618-623 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Alanine aminotransferase ; Aspartate aminotransferase ; γ-Glutamyl transferase ; Oestrogens ; Turner syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We evaluated whether hepatic abnormalities represent a specific feature in girls with Turner syndrome (TS) or whether they are related to an increased susceptibility to hormonal therapies and/or other factors. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transferase were monitored in 70 patients with TS for a mean period of 7.6 ± 4.2 years. An increase in serum liver enzymes was observed in 14 out of 70 girls (20%) at a mean age of 12.7 years; it was present at entry before hormonal therapy in 3 girls and developed thereafter during the follow up in the other 11. The increase in serum liver enzymes was never observed before the age of 7 years. In the majority of cases (10/14) it was drug related: in 50% the liver abnormalities were transient and self-limiting, in the remaining cases they required interruption of hormonal therapy. Hepatotoxicity was more frequently observed in girls treated with oestrogens or oxandrolone than in those treated with growth hormone. In a small number of cases, liver disease was either auto-immunity-related (2/14), or cryptogenic (1/14) with a benign and self-limiting course. Obesity was a frequent finding, but it played a likely pivotal role only in one patient. Conclusion Hepatic abnormalities are relatively frequent in Turner syndrome and surveillance of liver function should be included in the management of these patients independent of initiation of hormonal treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 92 (1990), S. 2117-2118 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 5 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The substantivity of seven fragrance materials from a surfactant solution to human hair has been followed both olfactively and by gas chromatography. From an 0.5% solution in sodium lauryl 2 ethoxy sulphate solution between 0.13 mg g−1 hair and 0.72 mg g−1 hair were absorbed, giving strong retained odour on the hair; amyl salicylate showed the greatest absorption. After 24 h air drying, up to 0.01 to 0.08 mg g−1 hair remained, giving different odour strengths dependent on the molecule used.Mixtures gave somewhat lower substantivity and increased concentration in the shampoo base gave an increase in the amount absorbed on the hair. The percentage uptake however decreased. The mechanism appears to be a simple partitioning of the organic molecules between the water phase and keratin, the effect being wholly reversible as the molecules evaporate when left in air.The technique gives a method of objectively studying perfume substantivity to hair.Substantivité des parfums aux cheveux〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméLa substantivité aux cheveux humains de sept matiéres premières de parfumerie en shampooing, a été étudiée olfactivement et par chromatographie en phase gazeuse. Les matières premières ont été incorporées dans la solution de shampooing (lauryl ether sulfate à raison de 0.5%). Les cheveux absorbent entre 0.13 mg g−1 et 0.72 mg g−1 donnant une forte rétention olfactive sur les cheveux. Le salicylate d'amyle montre l'absorption la plus importante. Après 24 heures à tempàrature ambiante, il persiste 0.01 à 0.08 mg g−1 sur les cheveux.Les mélanges sont moins substantifs que les molécules prises individuellement, mais l'augmentation de la concentration dans la base shampooing permet l'accroissement de la quantité dc mélange absorbé par les cheveux. Le mécanisme de la substantivité ne parait être qu'une répartition des molécules organiques entre la phase aqueuse et la kératine, l'effet est totalement réversible du fait de l'évaporation des molécules lors du séchage des cheveux à température ambiante.La technique donne un méthode objective pour étudier la substantivité des matières premières do parfumerie aux cheveux.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 9 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The interactions between a typical range of perfume materials, alcohol, water, air, elevated temperatures and daylight have been studied. The changes of composition, acidity, peroxide content and the formation of new molecules were followed. The stabilizing effects of UV absorbers, antioxidants and sequestering agents were examined;— the formation of acid reaction products was accelerated by air, temperature, daylight and the presence of natural products;— peroxide formation was accelerated by heat and light and the presence of air; as the acidity increased, the peroxides decomposed;— the acetalization of other aldehydes was accelerated by temperature and daylight and the presence of natural products up to 40% of certain aldehydes may be converted into acetals after 3 months at 37°C;— many stereoisomerizations occur, e.g., transisoeugenol is converted up to 10% into the cis isomer after 3 months at 37°C and 58% in daylight;— evaluation of antioxidants UV absorbers and sequestering agents showed a significant protection against deterioration only by EDTA dipotassium salt;— ethanol was converted into acetaldehyde and its diethylacetal by peroxides present and formed on ageing up to 0.08%. Natural products accelerated this formation;— the reaction between benzoyl peroxide and ethanol was shown to yield up to 63% of acetaldehyde+diethyl acetal whilst di-t-butyl peroxide gave only 23% under the same conditions.These results go some way to explaining odour changes in perfume ageing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : The effectiveness of pre- and postharvest treatments with chitosan (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0%) to control Botrytis cinerea on table grapes was investigated. In postharvest treatments, small bunches dipped in chitosan solutions and inoculated with the pathogen showed a reduction of incidence, severity, and nesting of grey mold, in comparison with the control. Single berries artificially wounded, treated with the polymer, and inoculated with B. cinerea showed a reduced percentage of infected berries and lesion dia. Higher chitosan concentrations demonstrated greater decay reduction. All preharvest treatments significantly reduced the incidence of grey mold, as compared to the control. Table grapes treated with 1.0% chitosan showed a significant increase of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity. Consequently, besides a direct activity against B. cinerea, chitosan produces other effects contributing to reduce decay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters A 167 (1992), S. 49-53 
    ISSN: 0375-9601
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters A 156 (1991), S. 293-297 
    ISSN: 0375-9601
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters A 190 (1994), S. 177-181 
    ISSN: 0375-9601
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters A 128 (1988), S. 424-426 
    ISSN: 0375-9601
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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