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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Segmental differences in electrical properties and Na-transport of rabbit caecum, proximal and distal colon in vitro (1985)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 403 (1985), S. 278-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Rabbit ; Caecum ; Colon ; Potential ; Short circuit current ; Segmental sodium absorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Electrical potential difference, short circuit current, tissue conductance, and unidirectional Na-fluxes were measured in four segments of the rabbit large intestine in vitro. Compared to the relatively tight, low conductance distal colon, caecum and proximal parts of the colon are leaky epithelia with high conductances. Net Na-absorption was highest in caecum, and then decreased gradually towards the distal colon, whereas potential and short circuit current where high in the caecum and proximal colon, low in the middle part of the colon, and high again in the distal colon. Unidirectional Na-fluxes of all four segments were different. The discrepancy between the short circuit current and net Na-absorption in the two segments of the proximal colon indicates electrogenic transport of other ions. 0.1 mM ouabain virtually abolished short circuit current and Na-absorption in all segments, whereas 0.1 mM amiloride was not effective in the caecum and the proximal colonic parts. The present study focuses on the comparative aspects of Na-transport. It demonstrates the marked segmental heterogeneity of the basic electrical properties and suggests four different segmental organizations of large intestinal electrolyte transport.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583600
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Testability of 2-Level AND/EXOR Circuits (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of electronic testing 14 (1999), S. 219-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0727
    Keywords: AND/EXOR ; 2-level circuits ; random pattern testability ; synthesis for testability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract It is often stated that AND/EXOR circuits are much easier to test than AND/OR circuits. This statement, however, only holds true for circuits derived from restricted classes of AND/EXOR expressions, like positive polarity Reed-Muller and fixed polarity Reed-Muller expressions. For these two classes of expressions, circuits with good deterministic testability properties are known. In this paper we show that these circuits also have good random pattern testability attributes. An input probability distribution is given that yields a short expected test length for biased random patterns. This is the first time theoretical results on random pattern testability are presented for 2-level AND/EXOR circuit realizations of arbitrary Boolean functions. It turns out that analogous results cannot be expected for less restricted classes of 2-level AND/EXOR circuits. We present experiments demonstrating that generally minimized 2-level AND/OR circuits can be tested as easy (or hard) as minimized 2-level AND/EXOR circuits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008306002882
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Herstellung und charakterisierung von hydrogelen als kontaktlinsenmaterialienVortrag anläßlich der Tagung der Fachgruppe “Makromolekulare Chemie” der Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker über “Polymere und Wasser” in Bad Nauheim am 2. und 3. April 1984 (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 123 (1984), S. 241-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: ß-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate = HEMA has been copolymerized with different crosslinkers and swollen in isotonic NaCl solution resulting in hydrogels. Crosslinking is produced more by the length of the crosslinker than by its hydrophilic character. The water content of hydrogels can be increased weakly, if ethylene glycol or glycerin is added to the polymerization mixture. Hydrogels with up to 70percnt; of water have been prepared from HEMA and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate = DMAEMA and those with up to 90% of water from HEMA and methacrylic acid = MA. Hydrogels from HEMA, DMAEMA and MA, containing up to 70% of water, are distinguished by a neglegible shrinkage during the change from NaCl to CaCl2 solution as well as by a high oxygen permeation.
    Notes: ß-Hydroxyethylmethacrylat = HEMA wird mit verschiedenen Vernetzern copolymerisiert und in isotonischer NaCl-Lösung zu Hydrogelen gequollen. Es wird gefunden, daß die Vernetzung von der Länge des Vernetzermoleküls stärker abhängt als von seiner Hydrophilie. Der Wassergehalt von Hydrogelen läßt sich geringfügig steigern, wenn dem Polymerisationsansatz Ethylenglykol oder Glycerin zugesetzt wird. Hydrogele mit bis zu 70% Wasser werden aus HEMA und Dimethylaminoethylmethacrylat = DMAEMA und solche mit bis zu 90% Wasser aus HEMA und Methacrylsäure = MA erhalten. Hydrogele aus HEMA, DMAEMA und MA, die einen Wassergehalt von bis zu 70% besitzen, zeichnen sich durch einen vernachlässigbaren Schrumpf beim Wechsel von NaCl- in CaCl2-Lösung sowie eine sehr gute Sauerstoff-Permeation aus.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1984.051230111
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogels based on 3-O-acryloyl-1,2;5,6-di-O-iso-propylidene-α-D(-)-glucofuranose (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 228 (1995), S. 59-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Hydrogele (vernetzte Polymere mit einem definierten Wassergehalt) basierend auf 3-O-Acryloyl-1,2;5,6-di-O-isopropyliden-α-D(-)-glucofuranose und 2-Hydroxyethyl-methacrylat wurden durch radikalische Copolymerisation und anschließende saure Hydrolyse der Isopropyliden-Schutzgruppen hergestellt. Die erhaltenen Hydrogelproben wurden auf lineare Quellung, Wassergehalt, Brechungsindex, extrahierbare Bestandteile, Durchlässigkeit sichtbaren Lichtes und Sauerstoffdurchlässigkeit als typische Kontaktlinseneigenschaften untersucht.
    Notes: Hydrogels (crosslinked polymers with a defined water content) based on 3-O-acryloyl-1,2;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D(-)-glucofuranose and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate were prepared by radical copolymerization and acid hydrolysis of the isopropylidene protecting groups. The obtained hydrogel samples were examined for linear expansion to hydration, weight-percent hydration, refractive index, extractables, percent transmission of visible light and oxygen permeability as typical properties for contact lens materials.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1995.052280106
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zuckersiloxane, II Synthese einiger silicium-haltiger Zuckerderivate (1972)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 105 (1972), S. 969-974 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Sugar-Siloxanes, II Synthesis of some Silicium-containing Sugar DerivativesSome sugar-silicium compounds have been synthesized by addition of methyldiethoxysilane to unsaturated monosaccharide derivatives. Among others the hitherto unknown compounds 6.7-Dideoxy-1.2;3.4-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-galacto-hept-6-enopyranose (2) with a straight carbon chain and 3-O-acetyl-3-C-ethynyl-1.2;5.6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-allofuranose (8b) as well as ethynediyl-3-C.3′-C-bis(3-O-acetyl-1.2;5.6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-allofuranose) (9b) with branched carbon chains were used as starting materials. No addition, probably due to steric hindrance, was observed with 9b.
    Notes: Eine Reihe von Zucker-Siliciumverbindungen wurde durch Addition von Methyldiäthoxysilan an ungesättigte Monosaccharidderivate dargestellt. Als Ausgangsprodukte dienten unter anderen die bisher unbekannten Verbindungen 6.7-Didesoxy-1.2;3.4-di-O-isopropyliden-α-D-galakto-hept-6-enopyranose (2) mit unverzweigtem sowie 3-O-Acetyl-3-C-äthinyl-1.2;5.6-di-O-isopropyliden-α-D-allofuranose (8b) und Äthindiyl-3-C-.3′-C-bis-[3-O-acetyl-1.2;5.6-di-O-isopropyliden-α-D-allofuranose] (9b) mit verzweigtem Kohlenstoffgerüst. An die Verbindung 9b ließ sich, offenbar aus sterischen Gründen, kein Silan addieren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19721050327
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flammendurchschlagsichere Armaturen für Anlagen zum Lagern, Abfüllen und Befördern brennbarer Flüssigkeiten (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 41 (1969), S. 1212-1221 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Es wird eine Anleitung für den richtigen Einbau von flammendurchschlagsicheren Armaturen in Tankanlagen mit brennbaren Flüssigkeiten gegeben. Nach allgemein gültigen Grundlagen wird die Absicherung von Behälterlüftungen und Anschlußrohrleitungen besprochen. Ferner werden weitere Tankarmaturen behandelt, die flammendurchschlagsicher, gasdicht und funkenfrei sein müssen. Der Einbau von Flammenschutzsicherungen bei Motoren wird kurz behandelt. Die Auslegung von Armaturen und ihre Wartung werden ausführlich dargelegt.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330412205
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrophilic silicone rubber materials containing dimethylsiloxane and urethane moieties in the main chainDedicated to Professor Dr. Georg Manecke on the occasion of his 70th birthday (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 187 (1986), S. 1371-1380 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: By addition of various diisocyanates (5a, b) to oligomeric organosiloxanes, oily viscous polymers with urethane and siloxane moieties were obtained, which were crosslinked by reaction with 1-10 weight-% of a peroxide. The resulting silicon rubber material is stable to hydrolysis. Films (F1 - F21) of these materials were characterized by their FMIR-IR-spectra. Some films (F3, F8, F10 - F12 and F17) show oxygen permeation values and contact angles which qualify these materials for contact lenses. The other films may be useful as materials for contact lenses after hydrophilizing.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1986.021870606
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymeric and oligomeric dimethylsiloxanes with alcoholic groups and their conversions into polymers with dimethylsiloxane and urethane moietiesDedicated to Professor Dr. Dr. h. c. mult. H. Zahn on the occasion of his 70th birthday (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 187 (1986), S. 1381-1388 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Addition of allyloxytrimethylsilane (2a) or allyl 2,3-epoxypropyl ether (2c) to dihydrosiloxanes (1a and 1b) leads to the protected organoalkylsiloxanes 3a, 4a, 5a, 3c and 4c, which can be hydrolyzed to the corresponding hydroxyl compounds 3b, 4b, 5b and 4d. Addition of isocyanates 6a - c to these hydroxyl compounds results the model compounds 7a - c and 8a - c. Polymers 10a, b and 11a, b were prepared under similar conditions by addition of diisocyanates 9a, b to the hydroxyl compounds.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1986.021870607
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface wettability of silicone rubber films (1987)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 188 (1987), S. 93-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Silicone films were equilibrated with special organosiloxanes in the presence of hexacholorocyclotriphosphatriene as catalyst in ethers as solvents. Thus, the hydrophobic silicone films developed a hydrophilic surface. This surface treatment does in no way reduce the oxygen permeability of the silicone films. The special organosiloxanes required for the equilibration were produced by addition of allyl compounds containing protected OH-groups to siloxanes containing Si—H-groups, applying H2PtCl6 as catalyst, and subsequent hydrolysis of the addition products.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1987.021880108
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogels based on N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylateDedicated to Professor Dr. H.-J. Cantow on the occasion of his 65th birthday (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 190 (1989), S. 1253-1262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Hydrogels (crosslinked polymers with a defined water content) based on N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate of different compositions were prepared by radical copolymerization and swollen in buffered isotonic sodium chloride solution. The linear expansion to hydration, weight-percentage of hydration, refractive index, extractables, percentage of transmission of visible light and oxygen permeability of the resulting hydrogel samples were examined.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1989.021900605
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