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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 9 (1921), S. 477-482 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 4 (1916), S. 124-128 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 78 (1983), S. 373-383 
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: intramyocardial collaterals ; chronic cardiac sympathectomy ; retrograde blood flow ; coronary collateral circulation ; collateral blood flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have shown that chronic cardiac sympathectomy reduces coronary collateral resistances. The present experiments in isolated dog hearts delineated the role of intramyocardial collateral channels from the septal (SEP) to the circumflex (CIRC), left anterior descending (LAD), and right (RT) coronary arteries in this phenomenon. In 11 controls and 8 2-wk sympathectomized hearts, a retrograde flow technique was used to determine collateral resistances between the epicardial arteries (CIRC, LAD, RT). Collateral resistances between the CIRC and LAD and between the LAD and RT were 42–68% less in sympathectomized hearts (P〈0.05). Collateral resistances from the SEP to each epicardial artery were determined from retrograde flows simultaneously collected on each epicardial artery when the SEP was the only vessel perfused. Collateral resistances from the SEP to the CIRC and LAD were 51–59% less in the sympathectomized hearts (P〈0.05). Thus, intramyocardial channels from the SEP to the left coronary arteries show reduced resistances after sympathectomy and can provide a substantial portion of the increased collateral flow to these vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 69 (1974), S. 338-360 
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Mechanismen, die nach einer fortschreitenden Koronarokklusion (Ameroid-Methode) zur Kollateralentwicklung führen, wurden an Hunden untersucht. Mit Hilfe der Regelungstheorie und quantitativer experimenteller Daten wurde das Koronarsystem analysiert. Unter anderen Varianten wurden der periphere Koronardruck, die periphere Koronardurchblutung, Koronarreserve, Kollateralwiderstand, der periphere Koronarwiderstand, Sauerstoffverfügbarkeit und-verbrauch in Betracht gezogen. In dieser Analyse wurden die folgenden Möglichkeiten in Betracht genommen: 1. ob Ischämie der einzige Reiz zur Kollateralenbildung sein könnte; 2. die peripheren Koronargefäße autoregulieren und der periphere Koronarwiderstand während Ischämie steigt; 3. Autoregulation besteht, der periphere Widerstand sinkt auf ein Minimum ab, aber steigt nicht wieder unter dem Einfluß der Ischämie; 4. der periphere Widerstand bleibt konstant. Die Resultate erwiesen, daß weder Ischämie allein noch ein Druckgefälle allein für die Kollateralenbildung verantwortlich sein können. Die Hypothese, daß Ischämie das Kollateralenwachstum veranlaßt, dieses Wachstum aber von hämodynamischen Faktoren weiter erhalten wird, wurde vorgelegt.
    Notes: Summary The mechanisms for development of collaterals following a gradual occlusion (Ameroid technique) of one the coronary arteries in the dog were investigated. A control systems approach, based on quantitative experimental data, was utilized. The peripheral coronary pressure, peripheral coronary flow, coronary reserve flow, collateral resistance, peripheral coronary resistance, oxygen availability and demand were among the parameters studied. These variables were followed through the preocclusion phase, occlusion phase, ischemic phase, and post-ischemic phase of a gradual coronary constriction. The simulation studies were examined for the following basic assumptions: 1) ischemia is the sole stimulus for collateral development, 2) the peripheral coronary vasculature exhibits autoregulation and the peripheral coronary resistance increases during ischemia, 3) autoregulation occurs but during ischemia the peripheral vasculature remains maximally dilated without increase in resistance, and 4) the peripheral coronary vasculature is non-autoregulatory. It was concluded that neither ischemia nor a pressure differential can solely account for collateral development It is believed that ischemia begins the collateral growth process and it is sustained by the pressure differential (or some manifestation thereof) during the post-ischemic phase. Assumption 2 is most consistent with both physiological and clinical data. The autoregulatory capacity of the peripheral coronary bed allows a constriction of 76% before the resting coronary flow is impaired.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 76 (1981), S. 305-312 
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: septal artery ; circumflex occlusion ; right cor. occlusion ; collateral blood flow distribution ; collateral pattern
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir untersuchten zwei Modelle des Koronarverschlusses: Dreimonatige Okklusion des Ramus circumflexus und rechte Koronarokklusion. Nach Koronarverschluß fand Kollateralentwicklung in normal aktiven Hunden statt. Kollateralperfusion wurde an einem isolierten Herzpräparat gemessen. Die Resultate erwiesen, daß ein gewisses Schema der Kollateralentwicklung zugrunde liegt. Kollateralperfusion was im allgemeinen zum linken Herzen mit Ramus-circumflexus-Okklusion orientiert und zum rechten herzen mit rechtem Koronarverschluß. Obwohl die Hauptkollateralisierung über epikardiale Kollateralen stattfand, fanden wir aktive intramyokardiale Entwicklung von der Septalarterie in beiden Modellen. Kollateralentwicklung zum Ramus circumflexus nach Verschluß war 6.54mal größer als die zur rechten Koronararterie. Die Resultate deuten auf eine Beziehung zwischen Kollateralwachstum und Größe des ischämischen Gebietes hin.
    Notes: Summary Two models of gradual coronary occlusion (Ameroid method) were compared in this study: 3 months circumflex and 3 months right coronary occlusion. Following coronary occlusion, the collaterals developed in intact, normally active dogs. The collateral flows were assessed in an isolated heart preparation. The results indicated a pattern for collateral development. Collateral flow was directed primarily toward the left heart with circumflex occlusion, and toward the right heart with right occlusion. Although dominant collateralization was via epicardial collaterals, intramyocardial septal collaterals strongly participated in growth development of both models. Collateral growth to the circumflex with circumflex occlusion was 6.54 fold greater than collateral growth to the right coronary artery with right occlusion. The data suggest a relationship between collateral growth and ischemic bed size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 86 (1931), S. 235-238 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 38 (1899), S. 243-243 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 38 (1899), S. 246-246 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 72 (1927), S. 316-320 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 85 (1931), S. 138-143 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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