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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 201 (1964), S. 1135-1136 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SpragueDawley rats were given 11 daily intraperitoneal injections of 1.5 mg copper sulphate. They were injected subcutaneously with 31.5 mc. 64Cu (NO3)2 (specific activity 63,000 mc./g), 24 h after the last copper sulphate injection. Untreated rats received the same dose of isotope. Radioactivity ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 14 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The sinusoidal endothelial cells of human liver can be identified by light and electron microscopy, but there appear to be no specific immunocytochemical markers of these cells. Among specific markers available for vascular endothelial cells in general, Ulex europaeus I lectin (UEA I) is the most sensitive. In the present study, 37 liver biopsies were examined for UEA I binding and for Factor VIII related antigen (F VIII RAg) to determine if sinusoidal endothelial cells were positive. The material included normal liver, biopsies from patients with cirrhosis and biopsies in a variety of other liver diseases. Three embryonal human livers were also included in the immunocytochemical analysis. Eleven oesophageal rings obtained at mechanical transection for variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients were used as control tissue. Sinusoidal endothelial cells of normal liver did not stain with UEA I, but six of seven with alcoholic cirrhosis and only one of 25 non-cirrhotic liver specimens (a case of acute hepatitis with bridging necrosis) were positive. In two of the six cirrhoses the sinusoidal endothelial cells were stained for F VIII RAg as well. Embryonal sinusoidal endothelial cells were stained with UEA I but were negative for F VIII RAg. The results of the study confirm that sinusoidal endothelial cells of normal adult human liver are phenotypically different from those lining blood vessels in other sites. In cirrhosis, positive staining may be related to the transformation of hepatic sinusoids into true capillaries and thus be a marker of the severity of physiological disturbance in the liver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In this review the several types of cell damage and cell death which may be found in liver biopsy specimens are defined. We describe the different processes which occur at the portal/parenchymal or septal/parenchymal interface, viz. periportal spillover, periportal hepatitis, classic or lymphocytic piecemeal necrosis and biliary piecemeal necrosis. The diagnostic implications of these lesions in relation to the clinicopathological diagnosis and prognosis in various liver diseases are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 4 (1980), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Collapse of liver parenchyma, as seen in acute hepatitis with bridging necrosis, can be distinguished from new fibre formation in chronic liver disease by orcein staining. This shows abundant elastic fibres in association with fibrosis, but not in areas of collapse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 1 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The accepted histological categories of chronic hepatitis are chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH) and chronic active or aggressive hepatitis (CAH). A third form, chronic lobular hepatitis (CLH), encompasses those cases in which the lesion is predominantly within the lobules and in which portal and periportal inflammation are mild, CLH has many synonyms. International agreement on a reproducible and rational nomenclature of chronic hepatitis is still far from complete. CPH is characterized by portal inflammation. Histological definition is simple, but there are diagnostic pitfalls. The category may need subdivision on the basis of immunological studies. CAH should be regarded as a complex rather than a single disease, and it is important to specify the aetiology and pathological components in each instance. The concept of CAH must be altered to incorporate the lesion bridging hepatic necrosis (BHN). Piecemeal necrosis, accompanied by inflammatory infiltration, is considered to be the most important of the various pathogenetic factors in CAH, but BHN probably plays a significant part in accelerating the development of cirrhosis. An excessive portal and periportal inflammatory reaction with or without BHN, in a liver biopsy taken during the course of an acute hepatitis, helps to predict a possible chronic course.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The frequency and histological pattern of multiple hepatitis virus infection was studied in 161 Italian patients who had consecutively undergone liver biopsy from 1989 to 1991. The histological features were compared with that of infection with a single virus. Thirty-nine per cent of patients had evidence of past or present multiple infection, the commonest of which was hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients with evidence of previous infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). In general, the severity of the histological pattern of each viral infection was maintained even when more than one virus was involved; there was neither exacerbation nor diminution of the histological changes. The δ-5-virus (HDV) was not associated with severe necro-inflammatory lesions, but HDV-positive patients were few in this cohort. Lymphoid follicle formation (a putative histological marker of HCV infection) was also found in a high proportion of HCV negative patients but expressing much HBcAg or HDAg in liver tissue. Possible explanations for this finding are that follicles are relatively non-specific for HCV infection, or that these cases represent HCV infection with false-negative serology. The results of this study suggest that multiple hepatitis virus infection is common in the population investigated and that HBV and HCV co-infection cannot be reliably diagnosed histologically. Whether double infection with these viruses influences the cirrhotic evolution of the liver lesion remains unclear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 10 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The histological classification of chronic hepatitis is reviewed. The relative importance of piecemeal necrosis and of lobular necrosis in the progression to cirrhosis is assessed. Recent advances in virological and serological aspects of acute hepatitis are outlined and the importance of concomitant infection with more than one virus is discussed. The pathologist cannot assess prognosis on a histological basis alone without other clinical and serological information.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To establish the efficacy of combination therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and colchicine in patients with symptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), defined by the presence of liver cirrhosis, pruritus or bilirubin exceeding 2 mg/mL.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:A total of 90 patients were randomly assigned to ursodeoxycholic acid 500 mg/daily plus placebo (UDCA group, n=44), or ursodeoxycholic acid at the same dosage plus colchicine, 1 mg/daily (UDCA/C group, n=46). The two groups were comparable for age, sex, stage of disease, severity of pruritus, bilirubin, and Mayo score. All patients underwent clinical, ultrasonographic, and biochemical examinations at entry and then every 6 months up to 3 years of follow-up. Patients with cirrhosis underwent endoscopy every 12 months. In a sub-group of patients without cirrhosis, who consented, liver biopsy was repeated at the end of the study.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:The number of treatment failures (i.e. dead, orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), complications of cirrhosis, doubling of bilirubin, untreatable pruritus) was 11 (25%) in the UDCA group and four (9%) in the UDCA/C group (P 〈 0.05). No significant differences were observed in terms of improvement of liver enzymes related to cholestasis and cytolysis and of amelioration of pruritus. The Mayo score values increased less above the baseline values at 24 and 36 month-intervals in the UDCA/C group than in the UDCA group. Histological evaluation at baseline and at the end of the study was available for 15 patients with pre-cirrhotic stage. A significant reduction in histological grading score was observed in patients from the UDCA/C group, whereas no changes in these histological scores were observed in the UDCA group.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:The addition of colchicine to ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with symptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis results in a small but significant reduction of disease progress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 415 (1989), S. 21-29 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Alcoholic liver disease ; Ultrastructure ; Phagocytosis ; Cell shedding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sinusoidal macrophages were studied by light and electron microscopy in 49 liver biopsies from alcohol-abusers with a variety of alcohol-related liver lesions or with near-normal livers. Changes were related to those in nearby hepatocytes. A reduction in the number of macrophages was noted in the more severely damaged livers. Hepatocytes formed blebs at their sinusoidal poles, and these protruded into the space of Disse and into the sinusoidal lumen. It is postulated that reduced phagocytic activity in the livers of patients with severe alcohol-related liver disease leads to increased shedding of hepatocellular material into the circulation. This may promote the development of autoimmune reactions directed against hepatocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 415 (1989), S. 301-303 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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