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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Reanimationsverletzungen ; Nebenwirkungen ; Thrombolysetherapie ; Leberverletzungen ; Key words Resuscitation-adverse effects ; Thrombolytic therapy-adverse effects ; Liver injuries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Adverse effects of resuscitation due to closed-chest cardiac massage are common, and the incidence is increased when an incorrect technique is used. Nevertheless, thrombolytic therapy of a myocardial infarction can become necessary even after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In these patients, the risk of thrombolytic therapy-induced bleeding is immanent. Case reports. Within 9 months, two male patients aged 44 and 52 years were admitted to the intensive care unit after out-of-hospital CPR for myocardial infarction with cardiac arrest. In both cases, thrombolytic therapy was undertaken due to the cardiovascular situation or echocardiographic results. Thrombolytic therapy was successful with regard to the ECG changes, but a few hours later both patients demonstrated increasing cardiovascular instability. After abdominal sonography, intra-abdominal bleeding was suspected. Emergency laparotomy became unavoidable, although the coagulation profile was severely impaired in both patients (Tables 1 and 2). Anaesthetic management was characterised by introduction of central venous and intra-arterial catheters, replacement of volume and oxygen carriers using large-bore IV lines, restoration of coagulation factors with fresh frozen plasma, and the choice of “modified neuroleptanaesthesia” with blood pressure-adjusted, small doses of fentanyl, midazolam, and pancuronium. Intraoperatively, a liver injury due to closed-chest cardiac massage was found in both cases. The postoperative courses were complicated by respiratory problems, which led to prolonged mechanical ventilation, but both patients survived without remarkable neurological deficits. Conclusion. In patients with thrombolytic therapy after CPR and persisting cardio-vascular instability, a resuscitation injury with consequent haemorrhagic shock should be suspected. For diagnosis, chest X-ray films and abdominal and thoracic sonography are useful and practicable, even at the bedside. Anaesthetic management should focus on adequate monitoring, replacement of volume and oxygen carriers, fast restoration of plasma coagulation, and careful, blood pressure-adjusted maintenance of anaesthesia.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei zwei Patienten im Alter von 44 bzw. 52 Jahren mit frischem Myokardinfarkt kam es nach außerklinischer kardiopulmonaler Reanimation (CPR) und nachfolgender klinischer systemischer Thrombolysetherapie zu einer bedrohlichen Verschlechterung der Kreislaufsituation. Bei unauffälligem radiologischen Thoraxbefund war sonographisch in beiden Fällen freie intraabdominale Flüssigkeit nachweisbar, was trotz Lysetherapie die notfallmäßige Laparotomie unvermeidlich machte. In beiden Fällen fand sich eine reanimationsbedingte Leberverletzung. Das anästhesiologische Vorgehen war neben der Anlage eines zentralen Venenkatheters und einer invasiven Druckmessung durch ausreichenden Ersatz von Volumen und Sauerstoffträgern über leistungsfähige venöse Zugänge, die Substitution des plasmatischen Gerinnungspotentials durch Gefrierplasmen und eine vorsichtige, blutdruckorientierte Narkoseführung als „modifizierte Neuroleptanästhesie“ gekennzeichnet. Postoperativ traten typische, aber beherrschbare Komplikationen auf, so daß beide Patienten ihre lebensbedrohliche Erkrankung ohne schwere Folgeschäden überlebten. Instabile Kreislaufverhältnisse nach CPR sind zwar in der Regel einem myokardialen Pumpversagen zuzuordnen, bei ausbleibendem Erfolg der typischen therapeutischen Maßnahmen muß jedoch umgehend eine Reanimationsverletzung mit konsekutivem hämorrhagischen Schock ausgeschlossen werden. Bei systemischer Thrombolysetherapie nach vorausgegangener CPR sollten entsprechende diagnostische Maßnahmen (Röntgenaufnahme der Thoraxorgane, Sonographie von Abdomen und Thorax) auch prophylaktisch erfolgen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Endokrine Streßreaktion – Aufwachverhalten – Kreislaufverhalten – Isofluran – Propofol ; Key words: Endocrine stress response – Recovery – Haemodynamic reaction – Isoflurane – Propofol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. This prospective, randomised study compared total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) and inhalation anaesthesia with respect to endocrine stress response, haemodynamic reactions, and recovery. Methods. The investigation included two groups of 20 ASA I – II patients 18 – 60 years of age scheduled for orthopaedic surgery. For premedication of both groups, 0.1 mg/kg midazolam was injected IM. Patients in the propofol group received TIVA (CPPV, PEEP 5 mbar, air with oxygen, FiO2 33%) with propofol (2 mg/kg for induction followed by an infusion of 12 – 6 mg/kg⋅h) and fentanyl (0.1 mg before intubation, total dose 0.005 mg/kg before surgery, repetition doses 0.1 mg). For induction of patients in the isoflurane-group, 5 mg/kg thiopentone and 0.1 mg fentanyl was administered. Inhalation anaesthesia was maintained with 1.2 – 2.4 vol.% isoflurane in nitrous oxide and oxygen at a ratio of 2:1 (CPPV, PEEP 5 mbar). For intubation of both groups, 2 mg vecuronium and 1.5 mg/kg suxamethonium were injected, followed by a total dose of 0.1 mg/kg vecuronium. Blood samples were taken through a central venous line at eight time points from before induction until 60 min after extubation for analysis of adrenaline, noradrenaline (by HPLC/ECD), antidiuretic hormone (ADH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and cortisol (by RIA). In addition, systolic arterial pressure (SAP), heart rate (HR), arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), and recovery from anaesthesia were observed. Results. Group mean values are reported; biometric data from both collectives were comparable (Table 1). Plasma levels of adrenaline (52 vs. 79 pg/ml), noradrenaline (146 vs. 217 pg/ml), and cortisol (82 vs. 165 ng/ml) were significantly lower in the propofol group (Table 2, Figs. 1 and 3). Plasma levels of ADH (4.8 vs. 6.1 pg/ml) and ACTH (20 vs. 28 pg/ml) did not differ between the groups (Table 2, Figs. 2 and 3). SAP (128 vs. 131 mm Hg) was comparable in both groups, HR (68/min vs. 83/min) was significantly lower in the propofol group, and SpO2 (97.7 vs. 97.4%) showed no significant difference (Table 3). Recovery from anaesthesia was slightly faster in the propofol group (following of simple orders 1.9 vs. 2.4 min, orientation with respect to person 2.4 vs. 3.4 min, orientation with respect to time and space 2.8 vs. 3.7 min), but differences failed to reach statistical significance. Conclusions. When compared with isoflurane inhalation anaesthesia, moderation of the endocrine stress response was significantly improved during and after TIVA with propofol and fentanyl. Slightly shorter recovery times did not lead to an increased stress response. With respect to intra- and postoperative stress reduction, significant attenuation of sympatho-adrenergic reaction, comparable SAP and reduced HR, sympatholytic and hypodynamic anaesthesia with propofol and fentanyl seems to be advantageous for patients with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. For this aim, careful induction and application of individual doses is essential.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Zum prospektiv-randomisierten Vergleich der endokrinen Streßreaktion sowie des Kreislauf- und Aufwachverhaltens während und nach totaler intravenöser Anästhesie (TIVA) mit Propofol und Fentanyl bzw. Inhalationsanästhesie mit Isofluran und Lachgas nach Thiopentaleinleitung wurden 2 Gruppen zu je 20 chirurgischen bzw. orthopädischen Patienten untersucht. An 8 Meßzeitpunkten vor der Einleitung bis 60 min nach der Extubation wurden die endokrinen Streßparameter und die Kreislaufdaten bestimmt und postoperativ u. a. das Aufwachverhalten bewertet. Die Konzentrationen von Adrenalin, Noradrenalin und Cortisol lagen in der Propofolgruppe im Gruppenmittel jeweils signifikant niedriger als in der Isoflurangruppe; die Konzentrationen von ADH und ACTH blieben vergleichbar. Bei den Kreislaufparametern war der systolische Blutdruck in beiden Kollektiven vergleichbar; die Herzfrequenz lag in der Propofolgruppe signifikant niedriger als in der Isoflurangruppe. Im Aufwachverhalten hatte die TIVA gegenüber der Inhalationsanästhesie nur leichte Vorteile; das Signifikanzniveau wurde verfehlt. Insgesamt war die TIVA mit Propofol der Inhalationsanästhesie mit Isofluran in der Moderation der chirurgischen Streßantwort deutlich überlegen. Das graduell verbesserte Aufwachverhalten in der Propofolgruppe war nicht mit einer verstärkten endokrinen Streßreaktion verbunden. Gerade zu diesen Meßzeitpunkten wies die TIVA eindeutige Vorteile auf. Im Hinblick auf die signifikant verminderte sympathoadrenerge Reaktion bei vergleichbarem systolischen Blutdruck und reduzierter Herzfrequenz sowie die überlegene intra- und postoperative Streßabschirmung scheint eine TIVA mit Propofol bei entsprechend vorsichtiger Einleitung und Narkoseführung für Patienten mit Stoffwechsel- und Kreislauferkrankungen besonders geeignet. In diesem Sinne gehört die TIVA mit Propofol zu den sympatholytischen, hypodynamen Narkoseformen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 54 (2000), S. 126-132 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract An n-alkane-assimilating strain of Candida tropicalis was selected in sandy soil inoculated with microorganisms from contaminated sites. Competition experiments with n-alkane utilizers from different strain collections confirmed that yeasts overgrow bacteria in sandy soil. Acidification of the soil is one of the colonization factors useful for the yeasts. It can be counteracted by addition of bentonite, a clay mineral with high ion exchange capacity, but not, however, by kaolin. Strains of different yeast species showed different levels of competitiveness. Strains of Arxula adeninivorans, Candida maltosa, and Yarrowia lipolytica overgrew strains of C. tropicalis, C. shehatae or Pichia stipitis. Two strains of C. maltosa and Y. lipolytica coexisted during several serial transfers under microcosm conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 554-556 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: CdTe, nominally undoped, was exposed to a hydrogen plasma and to low energy H+ implantation. Under both conditions, seven typical photoluminescence lines are observed in the excitonic region. They are assigned to the presence of hydrogen in CdTe. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Advances in Space Research 14 (1994), S. 203-206 
    ISSN: 0273-1177
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Advances in Space Research 14 (1994), S. 213-216 
    ISSN: 0273-1177
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0040-4020
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Keywords: D-malic acid ; Isocitric acid lactone ; conversion of alkynylsilane to carboxylic acid ; homoisocitric acid
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron 44 (1988), S. 2913-2924 
    ISSN: 0040-4020
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0040-4020
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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