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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatic Surgery and Hepatic Surgical Anatomy: Historical Partners in Progress (1997)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 21 (1997), S. 330-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Whether for hepatic trauma or transplantation, a surgeon’s knowledge of hepatic anatomy commonly determines a patient’s outcome. The first medically relevant anatomic studies of the liver emerged with the endeavors of Herophilus and Erasistratus between 310 and 280 bc. Yet it was not until after the development of anesthesia and antisepsis that the first formal resections were performed during the late 1800s. After vascular occlusion principles had been developed as a means of successful hemorrhage control, several deliberate attempts were made to repair the liver surgically. Such efforts culminated in the work of Wendel in 1910 when he followed avascular planes during hepatectomy. The functional anatomy of surgery and surgical technique had suddenly joined in an effort to advance the practice, and eventually the efficacy of hepatic surgeons in facilitating the modern era of segmental anatomy extended hepatectomies and transplantation surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689900238
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Smooth Muscle Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Introduction (2000)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 24 (2000), S. 389-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689910062
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumors of the Stomach (2000)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 24 (2000), S. 412-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This collective review includes all available case reports of smooth muscle (stromal) tumors of the stomach in the world literature from 1762 to 1996. It updates our previous review from 1767 to 1959. Overall, we identified 2189 patients with leiomyoma (LM) and 1594 with leiomyosarcoma (LMS). The peak age of incidence of LM was 50 to 59 years, while LMS was most frequently seen between ages 60 and 69. Women were more likely to develop LM, and men more commonly presented with malignant smooth muscle tumors of the stomach. Concerning the patterns of growth, LMs were more likely to grow intraluminally (endogastric), whereas LMSs were predominantly exogastric. The most common site of LMs was on the anterior or posterior wall of the body of the stomach; LMSs were most likely found along the greater curve. The presenting symptoms of both types of smooth muscle tumors were similar; in decreasing order of frequency they were bleeding, pain, palpable mass, and weight loss. Interestingly, there was no correlation between the size of the tumor and signs or symptoms of bleeding, pain, weight loss, or ulceration, although patients with LMSs were more likely to report weight loss than patients with benign tumors. For LMS, there seemed to be no correlation between tumor size or location and rate of metastasis, although the tumors that grew in a dumbbell shape (i.e., both intraluminally and extraluminally) had a higher frequency of metastasis than other growth patterns. Overall, the rate of metastasis at diagnosis was 35.4%, with the liver, spleen, and regional lymph nodes the most common sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689910066
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumors of the Esophagus (2000)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 24 (2000), S. 401-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This collective review includes all available case reports of smooth muscle (stromal) tumors of the esophagus in the world literature. Compiling this review, we endeavored to examine cumulative and recently collected data of both benign and malignant esophageal smooth muscle tumors found in the literature spanning the period from 1875 to 1996, which totaled 1679 leiomyomas (LMs) and 165 leiomyosarcomas (LMSs). The peak age of occurrence of benign smooth muscle tumors in the esophagus was found to be between the ages of 30 and 59, whereas the highest frequency of malignant tumors was seen later in life, during the decade from age 60 to 69. The most common location of both LMs and LMSs was the lower third of the esophagus. Their patterns of growth differed; LMs were more likely to grow intramurally, and LMSs were predominantly intraluminal. Most patients with LMs presented with dysphagia and pain or discomfort; patients with LMSs additionally commonly complained of weight loss. As with smooth muscle tumors of other areas of the gastrointestinal tract, the duration of symptoms averaged 1 month to 1 year, and malignant tumors grew to larger sizes than benign neoplasms. Approximately one-third of LMSs had metastasized at diagnosis, and there was a 5-year survival rate of approximately 20%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689910065
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumors of the Appendix and Colon (2000)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 24 (2000), S. 430-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This collective review includes all available case reports of smooth muscle (stromal) tumors of the appendix and large intestine in the world literature. When compiling this review, we endeavored to examine cumulative as well as recently collected data on both benign and malignant smooth muscle tumors spanning the period 1875 to 1996. In total, there were reports of 331 leiomyomas (LMs) and 263 leiomyosarcomas (LMSs). The peak age of incidence of LM was 30 to 39 years, and the peak age of incidence of LMSs was 50 to 59 years. The female/male ratio was slightly higher for LM, and the male/female ratio was higher for LMS. The descending colon and sigmoid colon were the most common sites of both benign and malignant smooth muscle tumors. The growth of LMs most often occurred extraluminally, whereas LMSs tended to grow within the lumen of the colon. With both tumor types pain was the most frequent presenting complaint, followed less commonly by complaints of a palpable mass or gastrointestinal bleeding. LMSs tended to be larger at diagnosis than LMs, though the duration of symptoms for both types of tumor was most often reported to be between 1 month and 1 year. Finally, LMSs were found to metastasize most commonly to the liver, with metastatic disease reported in 43% of all cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689910068
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumors of the Rectum and Anal Canal (2000)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 24 (2000), S. 437-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This collective review includes all available case reports of smooth muscle (stromal) tumors of the rectum and anal canal in the world literature. When compiling this review we endeavored to present cumulative and recently collected data of both benign and malignant smooth muscle tumors found in the literature spanning the period from 1881 to 1996, which totaled 432 leiomyomas (LMs) and 480 leiomyosarcomas (LMSs) of the anus and rectum. The peak age of frequency for LMs was 40 to 59 years and 50 to 69 years for LMSs; men were slightly more likely to develop both benign and malignant anorectal smooth muscle tumors than women. Intraluminal growth of both LMs and LMSs was more frequently seen than extraluminal or intramural patterns, and tumors were more likely to be found in the rectum than in the anus. Patients with LMs presented most commonly with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, a palpable mass, or anorectal pain. As with smooth muscle tumors in other areas of the alimentary tract, symptoms likely persisted for less than 1 year prior to diagnosis. As was also the case for these neoplasms in other GI locations, LMSs tended to be larger than LMs. Approximately 20% of LMSs reported from 1881 to 1996 had metastasized at diagnoses. The local recurrence rate for resectable tumors was more than 80%, exceeding the propensity of LMSs in other areas of the GI tract to recur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689910069
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tribute to a Triad: History of Splenic Anatomy, Physiology, and Surgery—Part 1 (1999)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 23 (1999), S. 311-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Talmud, the Midrash, and the writings of Hippocrates, Plato, Aristotle, Galen, and several other giants of the past, one can find a lot of Delphian and Byzantine ambiguities. At that time, splenectomy was the art of surgery for many splenic diseases. From antiquity to the Renaissance, efforts were made to study the structure, functions, and anatomy of the spleen. Vesalius questioned Galen; and Malpighi, the founder of microscopic anatomy, gave a sound account of the histology and the physiologic destiny of the spleen. Surgical inquiry gradually became a focal point, yet it was still not clear what purpose the spleen served. It has been within the past 50 years that the most significant advances in the knowledge of the spleen and splenic surgery have been made. The work of Campos Christo in 1962 about the segmental anatomy of the spleen helped surgeons perform a partial splenectomy, thereby avoiding complications of postsplenectomy infection. With the recent successes of laparoscopic splenectomy in selected cases, the future of splenic surgery will undoubtedly bring many more changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00013191
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Musculature of the Alimentary Tract (2000)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 24 (2000), S. 391-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas are derived from smooth muscle tissues. Smooth muscle cells also surround the blood vessels that supply the alimentary tract. These cells have at times been said to contribute to the formation of smooth muscle tumors in the alimentary canal. With such an abundance of smooth muscle, there is little reason at present to implicate the smooth muscle elements of blood vessel walls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689910063
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumors of the Oral Cavity and Pharynx (2000)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 24 (2000), S. 395-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We have compiled all the reported cases of smooth muscle (stromal) tumors of the oral cavity and pharynx from 1884 through 1996. Our collective data included 139 leiomyomas (LM) and 68 leiomyosarcomas (LMS); but because we did not have sufficient information for 13 cases of LM, we report on only 126; and we report on only 66 of 68 cases of LMS. The peak age of incidence was 40 to 49 years for benign tumors and 50 to 59 years for malignant lesions, with the incidence in men slightly predominating over that in women. The most common sites of LM of the oral cavity and pharynx were the lips, tongue, and hard and soft palate. The most common sites of LMS included the maxilla and mandible. More than 40% of LMs presented as an intraoral mass, and more than half were known to be present for longer than 1 year. About 10% presented with pain, difficulty chewing or swallowing, swelling, toothache or loose teeth, or a combination of these symptoms. Patients with LMS were much more likely to have obvious symptoms of shorter duration, and one-third presented with pain or swelling (or both). Other relatively common symptoms of LMS included tenderness, interference with dentures, or an intraoral mass. In this review, there were almost twice as many LMs as LMSs, which was consistent with smooth muscle tumors found in other areas of the gastrointestinal tract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689910064
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumors of the Small Intestine (2000)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 24 (2000), S. 421-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This collective review includes all available case reports and series of smooth muscle (stromal) tumors of the small intestine in the world literature from 1881 to 1996. We identified 1074 patients with leiomyoma (LM) and 1689 with leiomyosarcoma (LMS). Our purpose was to update our previous review, which encompassed case reports and series from 1881 to 1959, which included 350 LMs and 257 LMSs. The peak incidence of smooth muscle tumors in the small intestine in both male and female patients was between the ages of 50 and 59. Most commonly, the presenting complaint was gastrointestinal bleeding. Computed tomography was found to detect LM and LMS most successfully and had the additional advantage of locating metastatic disease. The jejunum contained the highest numbers of smooth muscle tumors, followed by the ileum and then the duodenum, with malignant lesions in all locations typically attaining larger diameters than benign tumors. The overall rate of metastatic spread of LMS ranged from 24% to 50%, with the liver being most commonly involved. Unlike other sarcomas, both hematogenous and lymphatic spread were common. The 5-year survival of 705 patients with LMS from 22 series was 27.8%. For both benign and malignant smooth muscle tumors of the small intestine, surgery remains the treatment of choice, with little efficacy reported for irradiation, chemotherapy, or both.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689910067
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