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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 53 (2000), S. 690-694 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol was developed for the specific detection of genes coding for type II polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthases. The primer-pair, I-179L and I-179R, was based on the highly conserved sequences found in the coding regions of Pseudomonas phaC1 and phaC2 genes. Purified genomic DNA or lysate of colony suspension can serve equally well as the target sample for the PCR, thus affording a simple and rapid screening of phaC1/C2-containing microorganisms. Positive samples yield a specific 540-bp PCR product representing partial coding sequences of the phaC1/C2 genes. Using the PCR method, P. corrugata 388 was identified for the first time as a medium-chain-length (mcl)-PHA producer. Electron microscopic study and PHA isolation confirmed the production of mcl-PHA in P. corrugata 388. The mcl-PHA of this organism has a higher molecular weight than that of similar polymers produced by other pseudomonads.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 50 (1998), S. 174-180 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The complete nucleotide sequence of pER371, a native plasmid in Streptococcus thermophilus ST137, was determined. A putative open reading frame coding for a replication protein, Rep371, was identified. A characteristic promoter sequence and ribosome-binding site were found upstream of rep371. Rep371 (247 amino acid residues) does not show homology with RepA and RepS of the small S. thermophilus cryptic plasmids pST1-No.29 and pST1 respectively. The plus-origin sequence and Rep371 are highly homologous to the corresponding elements of the Staphylococcus aureus plasmids pC194 and pSK89. A novel 140-nucleotide palindromic minus-origin sequence, which is structurally similar but does not show sequence homology to the palA region of pC194, was identified in pER371. A palindromic sequence capable of forming a putative hairpin structure was identified and subsequently recognized as being highly conserved among several lactococcal rolling-circle plasmids. Cloning vectors derived from pER371 should provide valuable gene-delivery vehicles for the genetic engineering of lactic acid bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 43 (1995), S. 285-290 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A 63-base-pair synthetic promoter, sP1, was synthesized on the basis of the nucleotide sequence of a putative Streptococcus thermophilus promoter. When inserted upstream from the Streptomyces cho operon in a recombinant plasmid, pUCO195P-36, sP1 activated the expression of the cho genes in Escherichia coli, as shown by the production of cholesterol oxidase by the transformants. The sP1-driven cholesterol oxidase production in pUCO195P-36-transformed cells was estimated to be 40% of that produced by Plac-mediated cho expression in a pUCO193-containing host. The recombinant pUCO195P-36 appeared to be segregationally less stable in E. coli DH5α than in HB101. Its non-expressing counterpart, pUCO195P-1, was stable in both E. coli strains. The activity of sP1 was further demonstrated in E. coli by the expression of a Streptomyces melC operon. When placed upstream from the test operon in the pMCU22aPa construct, sP1 activated the melC expression as shown by the production of tyrosinase at (3.0±0.3) × 10−3 U/mg and (16.0±1.0) × 10−3 U/mg protein equivalent of cell extract in the absence and presence of isopropyl β-d-thio-galactopyranoside, respectively. The presence of a counter-oriented Plac at the 3′ end of the operon in the pMCU22bPa plasmid reduced the sP1-mediated tyrosinase production by about 85%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 43 (1995), S. 285-290 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  A 63-base-pair synthetic promoter, sP1, was synthesized on the basis of the nucleotide sequence of a putative Streptococcus thermophilus promoter. When inserted upstream from the Streptomyces cho operon in a recombinant plasmid, pUCO195P-36, sP1 activated the expression of the cho genes in Escherichia coli, as shown by the production of cholesterol oxidase by the transformants. The sP1-driven cholesterol oxidase production in pUCO195P-36-transformed cells was estimated to be 40% of that produced by P lac -mediated cho expression in a pUCO193-containing host. The recombinant pUCO195P-36 appeared to be segregationally less stable in E. coli DH5α than in HB101. Its non-expressing counterpart, pUCO195P-1, was stable in both E. coli strains. The activity of sP1 was further demonstrated in E. coli by the expression of a Streptomyces melC operon. When placed upstream from the test operon in the pMCU22aPa construct, sP1 activated the melC expression as shown by the production of tyrosinase at (3.0±0.3)×10–3 U/mg and (16.0±1.0)×10–3 U/mg protein equivalent of cell extract in the absence and presence of isopropyl β-d-thiogalactopyranoside, respectively. The presence of a counter-oriented P lac at the 3' end of the operon in the pMCU22bPa plasmid reduced the sP1-mediated tyrosinase production by about 85%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1995), S. 39-44 
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: lactic acid bacteria ; promoter ; melanin ; tyrosinase ; cholesterol oxidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Streptococcus thermophilus (ST) chromosomal DNA (chr DNA) fragments having promoter activity were cloned and selected inEscherichia coli using a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase- (cat-) based promoter-probe vector pKK520-3. Insertion of a promoterless streptomycete melanin biosynthesis operon (melC) downstream from the promoters of the library further identified clone STP2201 as a strong promoter inE. coli. Subcloning of a STP2201-melC DNA fragment into the pMEU-seriesS. thermophilus-E. coli shuttle vectors yielded pEU5xML2201x plasmids that conferred Mel+ phenotype toE. coli. The pEU5aML2201a was further shown to afford a high level of tyrosinase production (2 units mg−1 protein) inE. coli, and to produce an apparently inactivemelC gene product that reacts with anti-tyrosinase antiserum inS. thermophilus. SubstitutingmelC with a streptomycete cholesterol oxidase gene (choA) in the same orientation yielded pEU5aCH2201a that conferred ChoA activity to anE. coli transformant at a level of (1.06±0.15)×10−7 units mg−1 protein. Introduction of this plasmid intoS. thermophilus by electrotransformation yielded ChoA transformant that produced the enzyme at about 25% of the level found inE. coli.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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