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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the origin and flow behavior of submarine slides on deep-sea fans along the Norwegian–Barents Sea continental margin (1997)
    Springer
    Geo-marine letters 17 (1997), S. 119-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Debris lobes with characteristic lengths, widths, and thickness of 30–200 km, 2–10 km, and 10–50 m, respectively, represent the main building blocks of deep-sea fans along the Norwegian–Barents Sea continental margin. Their formation is closely related to the input of clay-rich sediments to the upper continental slope by glaciers during periods of maximum ice advance. It is likely that slide release was a consequence of an instability arising from high sedimentation rates on the upper continental slope. The flow behavior of the debris lobes can be described by a Bingham flow model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003670050016
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Barents Sea ice sheet - a sedimentological discussion (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Polar research 1 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1751-8369
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Sediment sampling and shallow seismic profiling in the western and northern Barents Sea show that the bedrock in regions with less than 300 m water depth is unconformably overlain by only a thin veneer (〈10 m) of sediments. Bedrock exposures are probably common in these areas. The sediments consist of a Holocene top unit, 0.1–1.5 m in thickness, grading into Late Weichselian glaciomarine sediments. Based on average sedimentation rates (14C-dating) of the Holocene sediments, the transition between the two units is estimated to 10,000–12,000 B.P. The glaciomarine sediments are commonly 1–3 m in thickness and underlain by stiff pebbly mud, interpreted as till and/or glaciomarine sediments overrun by a glacier. In regions where the water depth is over 300 m the sediment thickness increases, exceeding 500 m near the shelf edge at the mouth of Bjørnøyrenna. In Bjømøyrenna itself the uppermost 15–20 m seem to consist of soft glaciomarine sediments underlain by a well-defined reflector, probably the surface of the stiff pebbly mud. Local sediment accumulations in the form of moraine ridges and extensive glaciomarine deposits (20–60m in thickness) are found at 250–300m water depth, mainly in association with submarine valleys. Topographic highs, probably moraine ridges, are also present at the shelf edge. Based on the submarine morphology and sediment distribution, an ice sheet is believed to have extended to the shelf edge at least once during the Pleistocene. Spitsbergenbanken and the northern Barents Sea have also probably been covered by an ice sheet in the Late Weichselian. Lack of suitable organic material in the glacigenic deposits has prevented precise dating. Based on the regional geology of eastern Svalbard, a correlation of this younger stage with the Late Weichselian is indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-8369.1983.tb00729.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum immunoglobulin G subclasses and serum immunoglobulin A in acute bronchiolitis in infants (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 4 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Serum IgG subclasses and Serum IgA were studied in 43 infants with acute bronchiolitis and 20 healthy infants. IgG subclasses were determined by a capture ELISA and IgA was quantified by turbidimetry. IgG1 concentrations were significantly lower in infants with bronchiolitis than in normal infants. The other IgG subclasses and IgA did not differ between the groups. The subgroups of infants with bronchiolitis who had previously suffered from otitis media or bronchitis, had significantly lower IgG2 than the other infants with bronchiolitis. The same was found for infants with bronchiolitis who had suffered from three or more lower respiratory tract infections. In infants who had suffered from upper or lower respiratory infections before the acute bronchiolitis, IgA was significantly higher than in infants without previous respiratory infections. Ten infants with bronchiolitis (23%) had IgGl deficiency, that is values below the lower reference limit calculated in a population of healthy Norwegian infants. No healthy infants had any IgGl deficiency. No infant with bronchiolitis had IgG2 or IgG3 deficiency. The low IgGl values found in infants with acute bronchiolitis, may be one cause for infants to be more susceptible to RS virus infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.1993.tb00060.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum immunogiobulin G subclasses and serum immunogiobulin A in healthy Norwegian children and adults (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 3 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: IgG subclass concentrations were determined by a capture ELISA antibody assay using monoclonal antibodies to IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4. All the antibodies had been tested for specificity in an IUIS/WHO collaborative study, and this was confirmed by us by testing against purified myeloma proteins representing the 4 subclasses. The sera to be tested were diluted to obtain optimal sensitivity in the lower normal range for each subclass. With these serum dilutions, the lower limit of reading was 1. 2 g/l for IgG1, 0. 25 g/l for IgG2, 0.04 g/l for IgG3 and for IgG4. Age specific reference limits of the IgG subclass concentrations were determined in serum samples from 138 healthy infants and children under 14 years of age and 66 adults. The reference limits for each age group were determined by calculating the mean ± 2 SD of the logarithms to the values and then taking the antilog of the results. IgA was determined by a turbidimetric method with a reading limit of 0. 1 g/l, and the reference limits were calculated from serum samples from the 138 children under 14 years of age and from 31 healthy adults. The age specific reference limits of the IgG subclasses and IgA are given. Several infants and children had IgG4 levels below the lower reading limit. To determine lower reference limits of IgG4 below the age of 7 years was therefore of little clinical significance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.1992.tb00037.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas-related sea floor craters in the Barents Sea (1993)
    Springer
    Geo-marine letters 13 (1993), S. 235-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A cluster of craterlike depressions in the central Barents Sea are several hundred meters across, have steep walls, and are cut into underlying Triassic rocks. Their formation is explained in relation to the glacial history of the region, and a possible model suggests that gas from a deeper, thermogenic source allowed a hydrate layer of considerable thickness to form during the Late Weichselian, when grounded ice covered the area and increased the hydrostatic pressure. After a rapid retreat of the marinebased ice sheet, the hydrates decomposed and the layer thinned rapidly until pressurized free gas, trapped below the hydrates, erupted and formed the sea-floor depressions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01207753
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas induced bath circulation in aluminium reduction cells (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 19 (1989), S. 703-712 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Gas induced bath circulation in the interpolar gap of aluminium cells was studied in a room temperature physical model and by computer simulation. The circulation velocity increased with increasing gas formation rate, increasing angle of inclination and decreasing bath viscosity, while it was less affected by anode immersion depth, interpolar distance (in the normal range), and convection in the metal. A typical bath velocity near the cathode was 0.05 m s−1. The flow velocity decreased with decreasing bubble size. The results were fitted to a simple semi-empirical expression, and the velocities measured in the model experiments were in good agreement with the findings of the computer simulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01320645
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On gas bubbles in industrial aluminium cells with prebaked anodes and their influence on the current distribution (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 30 (2000), S. 787-794 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: aluminium cells ; gas bubbles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The secondary current distribution in industrial aluminium cells with prebaked anodes was calculated, taking into account the gas bubbles. The input data were obtained on the basis of a physical model and data suggested in the literature. The bubbles were modelled in the following manner: (i) as very small bubbles dispersed in a homogeneous layer with higher electrical resistivity than the bulk of the electrolyte, (ii) as large bubbles modelled as discrete slabs with infinite resistivity, and (iii) as a combination of (i) and (ii). The bubble size and the number of bubbles, as well as the resistance of the homogeneous bubble layer, were varied to give an equivalent voltage drop in the range 0.1–0.4 V. Large bubbles (slabs) appeared to have a significant screening effect on the anodic current densities. The anodic current densities between slabs showed local maxima, sometimes reaching twice the value of the working current density (0.75 A cm−2). The cathodic current densities had local minima underneath the large anodic bubbles, following their position at the anode. Underneath a bubble of 6.1 cm width, the cathodic current density decreased from 0.75 to 0.23 A cm−2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004037429196
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of effective conductivities and unit cell-based supraelements in the numerical simulation of solid oxide fuel cell stacks (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 28 (1998), S. 283-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: current distribution ; heat and mass transfer ; radiation ; modelling ; experimental validation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The numerical simulation of current and temperature distribution in monolithic solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks requires fast computers because of the large number of mesh points required in casting a complex solid geometry into a finite difference form and the necessity to solve coupled, nonlinear differential equations. By analogy with the modelling of radiative heat transfer in packed bed reactors, a significant degree of simplification is achieved by defining effective electric and thermal conductivities for the repeating unit cell elements, identified as the basic building blocks of the SOFC stack. The effective conductivities are approximated by closed form formulae derived from the principles of electrostatics and heat conduction. The effect of radiation across the gas channels is incorporated into the expressions for the effective thermal conductivity. Using this approach, the unit cell geometry, local mass transfer processes and reaction kinetics are expressed in terms of a supraelement model in a finite difference grid for the numerical calculation of temperature and potential distributions in a stack by an iterative process. The simplifications thus provided render simulations of three-dimensional SOFC stacks tractable for desktop processors. By using the foregoing approach to numerical simulation, a parametric study of a cross-flow type SOFC is presented, and some of the results are compared with the available experimental data
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003211615845
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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