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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Granulomatous encephalitis, intracranial arteritis, and mycotic aneurysm due to a free-living ameba (1980)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 49 (1980), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Free-living amebas ; Encephalitis ; Granuloma ; Acanthamoeba ; Naegleria ; “Mycotic aneurysm”
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Primary amebic meningoencephalitis and granulomatous amebic encephalitis are well recognized clinicopathological entities caused by free-living amebas. Associated arteritis and “mycotic aneurysms” with infiltration of intracranial arteries by lymphocytes, amebic trophozoites and cysts have not been previously reported. A 26-month-old girl had a 3-week history of encephalitis, characterized, initially, by vomiting and lowgrade fever. Subsequently, she developed ataxia, generalized weakness, lethargy, and esotropia. The first CSF showed 490 RBC/μl, 705 WBC/μl with 90% mononuclears. Her pupils reacted briskly to light. Moderate nuchal rigidity, nystagmus, fixed downward gaze, anisocoria, bilateral 6th nerve palsy, left arm monoparesis and left Babinski were present. CAT scan revealed slight symmetrical dilatation of anterior horns of lateral ventricles and an area of abnormal enhancement above the 3rd ventricle. She died 14 days after admission, 5 weeks after onset of symptoms. The brain showed focal necrotizing encephalopathy, involving thalami, cerebellum, brain stem, and cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord. Numerous free-living amebic trophozoites and cysts were present within a chronic granulomatous encephalitis. There were thrombosis of basilar, posterior cerebral, and vertebral arteries with profuse chronic panarteritis, fibrinoid necrosis, and mycotic aneurysms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692213
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meningoencephalitis due to acanthamoeba SP (1977)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 37 (1977), S. 183-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Acanthamoeba ; Naegleria ; Meningoencephalitis ; Granulomatous ; Free-living amebas ; Cysts ; Trophozoites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (AM) and Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) are infectious diseases essentially confined to the Central Nervous System (CNS) and caused by free-living amebas of the genusAcanthamoeba (A.) andNaegleria (N.) respectively. AM due toA. sp. (Acanthamoeba castellanii andAcanthamoeba culbertsoni) have been reported in chronically ill debilitated individuals, some of them under immunosuppressive therapy, or in immunologically impaired patients without a history of recent swimming in contrast to cases due toN.sp. which usually occurs in healthy, young individuals with a recent history of swimming in man-made lakes or heated swimming pools. AM due toA.sp. is characterized by a subacute or chronic granulomatous meningoencephalitis involving mainly the midbrain, basal areas of the temporal and occipital lobes and posterior fossa structures. CNS lesions in AM are perhaps secondary and the portal of entry in humans is probably from the lower respiratory tract, genitourinary system or skin reaching the CNS by hematogenous spread. The predominant host reaction is usually composed of lymphocytes, plasma cells, monocytes and multinucleated foreign body giant cells. Necrosis is moderate and hemorrhage scant or absent. Cysts as well as trophozoites may be seen within the CNS lesions. PAM is due toNaegleria fowleri and is characterized by an hemorrhagic necrotizing meningoencephalities with an acute inflammatory response. Only trophozoites are found in lesions. The portal of entry is through the olfactory neuroepithelium. CNS tissues fixed in formalin may be used for further identification and taxonomical classification of the causative protoza using immunofluorescent antibody techniques (IFAT) and electron microscopic methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686877
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A laboratory evaluation of the Kowa laser flare-cell meter for the study of uveitis (1992)
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 230 (1992), S. 547-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The Kowa FC-1000 laser flare-cell meter (LFCM) has been described as an instrument which will objectively quantify inflammation of the anterior chamber of the eye. We evaluated the LFCM using the intravenous endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) rabbit model of ocular inflammation. In vitro flare and cell calibration measurements utilizing bovine serum albumin (BSA) and latex particles, respectively, were also performed. A linear relationship between the flare measurements and BSA concentrations was noted. In addition, the time course of the LFCM flare count in EIU was comparable to previously published fluorophotometric data. However, the LFCM reported cells in the anterior chamber of the EIU rabbits despite negative cytology and histology results. The LFCM also recorded cells in BSA solutions which contained neither cells nor latex particles. Our results suggest that although the LFCM may be useful for evaluating flare, its cell measurements are not accurate in cases of severe uveitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00181777
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial Comment (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric and developmental pathology 2 (1999), S. 202-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-5742
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100249900112
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fibrous Hamartoma of Infancy: Current Review (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric and developmental pathology 2 (1999), S. 236-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-5742
    Keywords: Key words: juvenile fibromatosis, soft tissue tumor, fibrous tumor, myofibroblastic proliferation, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, hamartoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: ABSTRACT This review examines 197 cases of fibrous hamartoma of infancy (FHI) described in the literature and provides a detailed clinicopathologic analysis of what is known to date of this peculiar lesion of the subcutis and lower dermis. The vast majority of these cases occurred within the first year of life (91%). Twenty-three percent were congenital. There was a predilection for boys with a male/female ratio of 2.4. Males and females had similar anatomic distribution with the most common locations being the axillary region, upper arm, upper trunk, inguinal region, and external genital area. Most cases presented as solitary masses, but four cases of multiple separate synchronous lesions have been reported. Most lesions presented as a painless nodule, sometimes with rapid growth. A few cases had overlying skin changes, including alteration in pigmentation, eccrine gland hyperplasia, and increased hair. No lesions were reported to have familial or syndromic association, or to occur in combination with other hamartomas. Spontaneous regression has not been reported. The treatment of choice is local excision. Even with incomplete excision, FHI has a low recurrence rate. Criteria for histologic diagnosis include the presence of well-defined bundles of dense, uniform, fibrous connective tissue projecting into fat, primitive mesenchyme arranged in nests, concentric whorls or bands, and mature adipose tissue intimately admixed with the other components. Flow-cytometric and conventional cytogenetic studies have not been reported; these may clarify any relationship to other fibroblastic/myofibroblastic proliferations in children, resulting in better classification and terminology of this unique lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100249900119
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