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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 46 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The release of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was studied in slices of the head of the rabbit caudate nucleus. The slices were preincubated with [3H]GABA and then superfused. Aminooxyacetic acid was present throughout. Both the tritium in the slices and that in the superfusate consisted practically entirely of [3H]GABA. Stimulation for 2 min by electrical field pulses of 3 ms width and 9 V/cm voltage drop (36 mA current strength) at 5 or 20 Hz elicited an overflow of [3H]GABA that amounted to 0.23 or 0.47% of the tritium content of the tissue, respectively, and was diminished by 85% in the presence of tetrodotoxin. At higher current strength, less of the stimulation-evoked overflow was tetrodotoxin-sensitive. cis-1,3-Aminocyclohexane carboxylic acid diminished the uptake of [3H]GABA into the tissue but did not change the percentage released by electrical stimulation. Ca2+ withdrawal greatly accelerated basal [3H]GABA efflux and almost abolished the response to stimulation. Nipecotic acid 10–1,000 μM enhanced both the basal and (up to eightfold) the stimulation-evoked overflow. The method described allows us to elicit electrically a quasiphysiological, i.e., Ca2+-dependent and tetrodotoxin-sensitive, neuronal release of [3H]GABA. Nipecotic acid diverts released [3H]GABA from reuptake to overflow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 46 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Various putative striatal transmitters and related compounds were studied for their effects on the release of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from slices of the head of the rabbit caudate nucleus. The slices were preincubated with [3H]GABA and then superfused and stimulated electrically at 5 or 20 Hz. Aminooxyacetic acid was present throughout. The main changes observed were the following. The basal and, less consistently, the electrically evoked overflow of [3H]GABA were enhanced by 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine (dopamine), an effect not blocked by cis-flupentixol or domperidone and not mimicked by apomorphine and D1-selective agonists. The electrically evoked overflow was diminished by 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin); the inhibition was prevented by methiothepin. The basal but not the electrically evoked overflow was enhanced by carbachol; acetylcholine and nicotine also accelerated the basal out-flow whereas oxotremorine caused no consistent change; the effects of carbachol and acetylcholine were blocked by hexamethonium but not by atropine or by tetrodotoxin. These findings indicate that the GABA neurons in the caudate nucleus may be stimulated by dopamine, although the receptor type involved remains unclear; inhibited by serotonin; and stimulated by acetylcholine acting via a nicotine receptor. However, all drug effects observed were relatively small. No evidence was obtained for autoreceptors, α2-adrenoceptors or receptors for opioids, adenosine or substance P at the GABA neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 2430-2435 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Radiation damage centers generated by x irradiation at 80 and 300 K in the storage phosphor RbI:Tl+ were investigated with optically detected magnetic resonance and optical measurements. It is shown that the intensity of the photostimulated luminescence depends on the concentration of Tl2+ centers. Bleaching into any of the seven identified Tl2+ absorption bands destroys the Tl2+ centers and leads to a Tl+ emission as well as to VK centers. Proportionally to photodestruction of Tl2+ centers, the photostimulated luminescence is decreased. The traps for information storage in RbI:Tl+ are F centers and Tl2+ centers. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 1074-1078 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The oxygen-free x-ray storage phosphor BaFBr, doped with Sr2+ and having Br− vacancies due to fluorine excess, is shown to have a high photostimulability shifted appreciably to lower photon energy compared to nondoped BaFBr because of the predominant generation of FA(Sr2+) centers on the Br− sublattice upon room-temperature x irradiation. The FA(Br−,Sr2+) centers are less stable than unperturbed F(Br−) centers. Therefore, the redshift of the photostimulability disappears upon thermal activation above room temperature. From the failure to observe an F center infrared emission, it is concluded that F and FA centers are spatially correlated to hole centers of yet unknown nature. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4157-4165 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The x-ray storage phosphor BaFBr:Eu2+ may be made sensitive to stimulation further into the infrared by doping with Ca2+ or Sr2+. This enables the use of light-emitting diodes instead of gas lasers for photostimulation. It is shown by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR), and optically detected EPR and ENDOR that upon x irradiation FA(Br−, Ca2+) centers are formed as photostimulable electron traps in Ca2+-doped BaFBr, in which one of the two nearest Ba2+ neighbors along the c axis is replaced by Ca2+. The FA(Br−, Ca2+) center has tetragonal symmetry as has the F(Br−) center. The optical absorption band of those FA(Br−, Ca2+) centers is red shifted. No FA(Br−, Ca2+) centers have been detected upon additive coloration only. The red shift of the photostimulation spectrum is caused by formation of the FA(Br−, Ca2+, or Sr2+) centers as electron traps. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 1546-1553 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An investigation of the possibilities to measure electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) with electrical detection (EDEPR) by measuring the microwave or radio frequency-induced change of the photoconductivity of various bulk Si samples containing shallow and deep level defects is presented. It was found that an electron-hole recombination mechanism via a donor (D0)-acceptor (A0) pair explains the observations and may be necessary if EDEPR is to be detected. A qualitative expression for the EDEPR signal intensity is presented. EDEPR offers sensitivity several orders of magnitude better than normal EPR. As few as 107 shallow P donors could be observed. In addition, EDEPR can be measured with spatial resolution allowing defect mapping. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1520-6041
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 10 (1971), S. 66-71 
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 2414-2421 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) films were deposited in a filtered cathodic vacuum arc chamber. Nitrogen, of atomic concentration up to 30%, was introduced in the films during deposition by a Kaufmann-ion source. Change of the film structure and the valence band (VB) spectra of ta-C film due to nitrogen incorporation was studied by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) using He I and He II excitations as well as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A comparative study of the electronic structure between ta-C and the nitrogenated films was demonstrated by decomposition of their VB spectra into several bands and from the intensity difference of these spectra. An additional density of states close to the Fermi level (EF), representing the nitrogen lone pair state, has been detected from both UPS and XPS VB spectra of nitrogenated samples. From the shift of the VB relative to the EF nitrogen doping of ta-C is demonstrated. The change of the density of states at the edge of VB and especially the C 2s and N 2s states is thoroughly explained. The modification of the structure of nitrogenated films prepared by applying the substrate bias and temperature was also studied through comparison of the VB spectra. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 3381-3385 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on optical absorption its magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), optically detected electron spin-resonance (ODESR), and electron nuclear double-resonance (ODENDOR) investigations of plastically deformed semi-insulating GaAs. By plastic deformation arsenic antisite defects are created which show a similar ODESR pattern as EL2 defects present in the material prior to deformation. EL2 and the new antisite defects can be distinguished by their different spectral dependence of the MCD. The new antisite defect formation starts at 2% deformation and is investigated as a function of the degree of deformation; additional EL2 defects are not created. With ODENDOR it is shown that the atomistic structure of the EL2 defects changes in the deformed GaAs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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