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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison and histopathological correlation of three parathyroid imaging methods in a population with a high prevalence of concomitant thyroid diseases (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 24 (1997), S. 143-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Primary hyperparathyroidism ; Thyroid disease ; Thallium-201 ; technetium-99m subtraction scintigraphy ; Technetium-99m sestamibi dual-phase study ; Uptake mechanisms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of a technetium-99m sestamibi dual-phase protocol enhanced by single-photon emission tomography (SPET) and semiquantitative analysis in comparison to established preoperative staging procedures in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Twenty-eight (50%) out of 56 patients had superimposed thyroid disease, and 12 patients had previously undergone neck surgery. Visual and semiquantitative analysis of planar99mTc-sestamibi dual-phase imaging, SPET of the delayed phase, ultrasonography, and thallium-201 chloride-technetium-99m pertechnetate subtraction scintigraphy was further correlated with the histopathological examination of the surgical specimens.99mTc-sestamibi dual-phase imaging achieved the highest sensitivity for side localization and precise localization compared with201Tl-99mTc subtraction scintigraphy and ultrasonography, but the differences reached statistical significance only in comparison to ultrasonography. Semiquantitative analysis did not enhance sensitivity. Adenoma detection by99mTc-sestamibi dual-phase imaging was only correlated to serum calcium levels and osteocalcin, not to cell density or oxyphil cell count (SPET yielded additional information for the exact topographical localization of the parathyroid tumour in 22 (39%) patients with superimposed thyroid disease or previous neck surgery but did not enhance the overall detection rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02439546
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incompatibility studies in Oenothera (1961)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 92 (1961), S. 205-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird weiteres Material vorgelegt, um die allgemeine Aussage zu stützen, daß Inkompatibilitätsallele in allen phylogenetischen Gruppen der komplexheterozygoten Arten der nordamerikanischen Euoenothern zu finden sind. Eine Anzahl von Rassen derstrigosa- biennis 2-, undparviflora-Gruppen scheinen Pollenletalfaktoren zu enthalten, welche die Entwicklung des Pollens verhindern, unabhängig von der Konstitution des Griffels, auf dem er sich befindet. Solche Letalfaktoren haben in den vorliegenden Versuchen die Entdeckung der Inkompatibilitätsallele verhindert, falls die letzteren in diesen Rassen vorhanden sein sollten. In der vorgelegten Untersuchung werden die Inkompatibilitätsbeziehungen zwischen 22 verschiedenen selbstinkompatiblen alpha alpha-Bastarden bestimmt. In einer Gruppe dieser Bastarde zeigte jedes Glied, so bald es als Pollenelter benutzt wurde, Anzeichen sowohl für Kreuzungskompatibilität als auch für Kreuzungsinkompatibilität. Die Kreuzungsinkompatibilität kann in vielen Fällen nicht erklärt werden durch die Annahme einer Identität derS I-Allele, weil die reziproken Kreuzungen häufig kompatibel waren. Als Arbeitshypothese wird vorgeschlagen, daß diese Fälle von Kreuzungsinkompatibilität entstehen durch einen Typ von Letalfaktoren, welche im Gegensatz zu den oben erwähnten nicht unabänderlich den Pollen ausschalten, in dem sie enthalten sind, sondern deren Wirkung sich erst entfaltet in Wechselwirkung mit der gesamten genetischen Konstitution des Griffels, auf dem sich der Pollen befindet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00888877
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tetrahedral lobe functions (1981)
    Springer
    Theoretical chemistry accounts 59 (1981), S. 291-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2234
    Keywords: Tetrahedral lobes ; Methane ; Ethane ; Cusped-Gaussian basis ; Polarization functions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The representation of atomic p orbitals in terms of tetrahedral Gaussian lobe functions is shown to be a viable alternative to more conventional representations in terms of cartesian Gaussians or octahedral lobe functions. Fairly accurate SCF calculations for the methane and ethane molecules show that the flexibility of the tetrahedral representation can be used to introduce a degree of polarization into the atomic basis in a molecular environment. Combined with the use of molecular bond functions, this flexibility provides an economical description of polarization effects in molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00551356
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introduction (1991)
    Springer
    Machine translation 6 (1991), S. 61-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0573
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: Concluding remarks With this brief exposition of the areas covered in this special double issue on Eurotra, we shall now conclude our introduction. We hope that the volume will achieve its goals, as outlined above, at least to some extent. Certainly, much more could be said about a wide range of topics which have been covered in the lifetime or the project so far. For instance, these article, mainly written by linguists, deliberately neglect the software implementation and environment aspects of the prototype Eurotra Translation System, as well as a number of peripheral tools and components of the system that are available to the user, such as lexical data bases, text-handling mechanisms and the like. The reader interested in aspects of this kind is referred to Raw et al. 1989 for a very brief introduction, and to the Eurotra software team at the Commission of the European Communities (DG XIII, Luxembourg) for more details. However, one goal that we do hope to come close to achieving is to give a fair overview of the Eurotra linguistic theory of translation and the mainstream and sideline formalisms expressing variant versions of it. If we have come anywhere near achieving that, our gratitude is due to the numerous Eurotra colleagues who have supported us in preparing this volume, and to the editor of this journal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417677
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Eurotra linguistic specifications: An overview (1991)
    Springer
    Machine translation 6 (1991), S. 103-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0573
    Keywords: Eurotra ; linguistic specifications ; translation theory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract In this article, we outline the contents of the linguistic specifications of the Eurotra machine translation system. We start in sections 1 and 2 from some of the requirements placed by multilingual MT on the overall design of the linguistic components. We then move on to a characterization of the Eurotra interface structure (section 3), the nature of transfer (section 4), and trends towards more interlingual representations within the project (section 5). Thereafter, we concentrate on the contents of the various levels beside the interface structure (section 6) before giving a brief survey of word structure (section 7) and outlining some areas for further research (section 8) The authors of this article are indebted to many other members of the project too numerous to be mentioned here. They wish to record a special intellectual debt to previous members of the Eurotra Linguistics Specification team and, in particular, Doug Arnold, Louis des Tombe and Lieven Jaspaert who did so much to establish sound theoretical bases for multilingual MT (see inter alia Arnold, Jaspaert and des Tombe 1985; Arnold 1986; Arnold and des Tombe 1987). For an extensive version of the overview presented here, see Allegranza et al. 1991. For another recent presentation of Eurotra, see Raw, Vandecapelle and Van Eynde 1988. .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417680
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Producers-users-customers: Towards a differentiated evaluation of research in Machine Translation (1992)
    Springer
    Machine translation 7 (1992), S. 281-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0573
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00398473
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allozyme genetics in permanent translocation heterozygotes of the Oenothera biennis complex (1975)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 13 (1975), S. 487-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: allozyme genetics ; Oenothera ; translocation heterozygosity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Allozyme inheritance and transmission genetics of 11 enzyme systems were determined in the permanent translocation heterozygotes Oenothera biennis, Oe. strigosa, and Oe. parviflora. Electrophoretic variation was examined first among 164 strains of structural heterozygotes. Allelic configurations were then judged from inheritance patterns in reciprocal F 1 hybrids between each of 22 ring-forming strains and tester strains of the related bivalent-formers, Oe. hookeri and Oe. grandiflora. Allozymes are inherited as codominant markers, and, as dictated by the genetic system, within a strain individual allelic variants are generally transmitted through only one germ line. Of the 20 loci resolved, only eight are polymorphic in any species, and, within species, generally only two alleles are present at each polymorphic locus. Despite the relatively meager allelic array, each of the 22 strains whose chromosome complexes were characterized is genotypically unique. Generally, within taxa, α (egg) and β (sperm) complexes differ in allele frequency at several polymorphic loci. Such variability is correlated with differences in the phylogenetic origins of complexes and not with differences in segmental arrangement within a group of related complexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00485790
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytological analysis of complex-heterozygotes in populations ofOenothera grandiflora (Onagraceae) in Alabama (1993)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 184 (1993), S. 77-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Onagraceae ; Oenothera grandiflora ; O. biennis ; O. villosa ; Chromosome arrangements ; complex-heterozygotes ; incompatibility alleles ; populations ; Flora of Alabama
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genetic analysis of unusual complex-heterozygous genotypes in populations ofO. grandiflora from Alabama (USA) has shown that these strains are composed of a typicalgrandiflora (B) complex and an altered B complex (designated as BA) which probably contains genetic elements derived from an A genotype such as the beta complex ofO. biennis group 1. Analysis of the meiotic configurations of artificial hybrids between the new strains and a series of complexes of known segmental arrangement allowed determination of the arrangements of the unknown complexes. These data are evidence for origin of the altered B complexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937779
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ring currents in aromatic hydrocarbons (1996)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 60 (1996), S. 609-616 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Coupled Hartree-Fock theory is used to compute and map the current density induced in planar hydrocarbons by an external magnetic field. Results of useful accuracy can be obtained with modest (6-31G**) basis sets by employing a continuous gauge transformation. Maps are presented and discussed for benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, tetracene, pentacene, heptacene, and biphenylene. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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