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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A special-purpose computer for gravitational many-body problems (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 345 (1990), S. 33-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A processor has been constructed using a 'pipeline' architecture to simulate many-body systems with long-range forces. It has a speed equivalent to 120 megaflops, and the architecture can be readily parallelized to make teraflop machines a feasible possibility. The machine can be adapted to study ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/345033a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogen flicker and associated high-energy radiation (1968)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 1 (1968), S. 216-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The accretion of matter onto stars formed by carbon-oxygen cores triggers hydrogen flicker. The development of hydrogen flicker and the shock generation associated therewith are discussed. If the matter thus ejected is halted by a dense gas surrounding a star, a corona of high temperature is formed. This may take place in dense planetary nebulae and is regarded as an origin of starlike X-ray sources. More violent hydrogen flicker takes place at white dwarfs and may be an origin of novae. Nuclear-reaction products ejected are positron sources and they may provide MeV positrons as strong as 10−3 cm−2 sec−1 sr−1. Nuclides produced by hydrogen flicker and a part of the carbon-oxygen core ejected may contribute to galactic cosmic rays; their chemical composition is like that observed in cosmic rays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00717918
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon deflagration supernova, an alternative to carbon detonation (1976)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 39 (1976), S. L37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract As an alternative to the carbon detonation, we present a carbondeflagration supernova model by a full hydrodynamic computation. A deflagration wave, which propagates through the core due to convective heat transport, does not grow into detonation. Though it results in a complete disruption of the star, the difficulty of overproduction of iron peak elements can be avoided if the deflagration is relatively slow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00648354
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamical instability of the envelope of red supergiants and the lower mass limit for carbon detonation supernovae (1976)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 45 (1976), S. 71-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the lower mass limitM l for the carbon detonation supernovae by testing the dynamical instability of the envelopes of red supergiants. It was found that the dependence ofM l on the mixing lengthl of convection is appreciable. As a smaller value ofl is assumed,M l becomes larger. It may be as large as 8M ⊙ ifl is a third of the pressure scale-height. This is one of the ways to remove the difficulty of overproduction of iron-peak elements involved in the model of the carbon detonation supernovae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00642142
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presupernova models and supernovae (1980)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 25 (1980), S. 155-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Present status of the theories for presupernova evolution and triggering mechanisms of supernova explosions are summarized and discussed from the standpoint of the theory of stellar structure and evolution. It is not intended to collect every detail of numerical results thus far obtained, but to extract physically clear-cut understanding from complexities of the numerical stellar models. For this purpose the evolution of stellar cores is discussed in a generalized fashion. The following types of the supernova explosions are discussed. The carbon deflagration supernova of intermediate mass star which results in the total disruption of the star. Massive star evolves into a supernova triggered by photo-dissociation of iron nuclei which results in a formation of a neutron star or a black hole depending on its mass. These two are typical types of the sueprnovae. Between them there remains a range of mass for which collapse of the stellar core is triggered by electron captures, which has been recently shown to leave a neutron star despite oxygen deflagration competing with the electron captures. Also discussed are combustion and detonation of helium or carbon which take place in accreting white dwarfs, and the collapse which is triggered by electron-pair creation in very massive stars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212318
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Merger of binary globular clusters: Case of unequal masses (1991)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 185 (1991), S. 63-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Merger process of binary globular cluster is discussed for a pair of unequal-mass components. We calculated the case of mass ratio 1∶0.5 by means of anN-body code with 6144 particles in total. We have found the followings. The mass exchange between the components takes place through the Roche-lobe overflow. In the early stages, however, the dynamical evolution is mainly governed by escape of particles from the system. As the particles escape carrying angular momentum with them, the separation between the component cluster shrinks. The time-scale of this shrinkage depends upon the size of the clusters. When a critical separation is reached, the orbital angular momentum is transferred unstably to the spins of the component clusters. This is the process of the synchronization instability which was found in a previous study on binary cluster of equal masses. As a result the component clusters merge into a single cluster. The structures of the mergers are quite similar among different cases except for the central cores which retain their initial central concentrations. In particular, the ellipticity and the rotation curve are quite close each other among models of different initial radii and of different mass ratios.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00642706
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of a high-performance, special-purpose computer, GRAPE-2A, to molecular dynamics (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Computational Chemistry 15 (1994), S. 1372-1376 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Biochemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: The special-purpose computer GRAPE-2A accelerates the calculation of pairwise interactions in many-body systems. This computer is a back-end processor connected to a host computer through a Versa Module Europe (VME) bus. GRAPE-2A receives coordinates and other physical data for particles from the host and then calculates the pairwise interactions. The host then integrates an equation of motion by using these interactions. We did molecular dynamics simulations for two systems of liquid water: System 1 (1000 molecules), and System 2 (1728 molecules). The time spent for one step of molecular dynamics was 3.9 s (System l), and 10.2 s (System 2). The larger the molecular system, the higher the performance. The speed of GRAPE-2A did not depend on the formula describing the pairwise interaction. The cost performance was about 20 times better than that of the fastest workstations available today, and GRAPE-2A cost only $22,000. © 1994 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.540151207
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A special-purpose computer for molecular dynamics: GRAPE-2A (1994)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 20 (1994), S. 139-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: hardware ; molecular dynamics ; simulation ; special-purpose computer ; supercomputing ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Molecular dynamics simulations have been extensively used in research of proteins. Since these simulations are quite computer intensive, their acceleration is of main interest of the research. In molecular dynamics simulations, almost all computing time is consumed in calculating the forces between particles, e.g., Coulomb and van der Waals forces. We have designed and built GRAPE-2A (GRAvity PipE 2A), a special-purpose computer for use in simulations of classical many-body systems. GRAPE-2A calculates forces exerted on a particle from the other particles. GRAPE-2A can calculate force of an arbitrary functional form of a central force. The host computer, which is connected to GRAPE-2A through the VME bus, performs other calculations such as time integration. The peak speed of GRAPE-2A is 180 Mflops. We can also stimulate systems with periodic boundary conditions by the Ewald method, using GRAPE-2A and another special-purpose computer, WINE (Wave space INtegrator for the Ewald method). © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340200204
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