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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential effects of captopril and enalapril, two angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, on immune reactivity in experimental lupus disease (1990)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 31 (1990), S. 96-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have previously demonstrated that Captopril, an inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), ameliorates experimental systemic lupus erythematosus in inbred MRL lpr/lpr (MRL/l) mice. In contrast, Enalapril, another ACE inhibitor with antihypertensive properties but lacking a thiol group, did not show similar beneficial effects. To better understand the mode of action of captopril in the autoimmune disease we have evaluated its immunomodulatory properties with special emphasis on antigen-specific and polyclonal B- and T-cell activation. The results obtained strongly suggest that Captopril exerts its immunomodulatory effects through stimulation of T-lymphocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02003227
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local and systemic TCR V gene expression in advanced periodontal disease (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 25 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of the present investigation was to study the expression of specific α/β T cell receptor (TCR) gene products in relation to some microbiological and immunological features of advanced destructive periodontitis, 21 individuals with advanced periodontal disease (diseased group) and 16 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects (healthy group) were recruited. Following a clinical examination of the diseased group, the 3 deepest interproximal sites in the upper and lower premolar- or molar segments (i.e., 12 sites in each individual) were selected for further analysis. Samples from the subgingival microbiota were obtained from the pocket of the selected sites and were prepared for a microbiological examination. The gingival tissue at one of the selected sites was also biopsied. Each excised soft tissue specimen was divided into 2 equal portions. One portion of the biopsy was prepared for histometric and morphometric analyses. The 2nd portion was snap frozen and prepared for immunohistochemical analysis, A sample of peripheral blood was obtained from each individual of the diseased and the healthy group and prepared for immunohistochemical analysis. The selected sites of the diseased group harbored varying numbers of microorganisms which have been associated with periodontal disease. The excised gingival tissue contained inflammatory lesions with substantial numbers of lymphocytes and plasma cells including T- and B-cells and a TCR Vα/β gene repertoire dominated by Vβ 17. The TCR profile of the lesion, however, differed markedly from that of the circulating blood of the diseased subjects. While only minor differences were observed between the blood samples of the diseased and the healthy subjects regarding the TCR genes, CD5, HLA-DR and CD5+CD19 positive cells occurred in higher proportions in the blood samples of the subjects susceptible to periodontal disease than in healthy controls. It may be suggested that (i) TCR Vα/Vβ expression in peripheral blood samples of subjects with periodontal disease does not differ from that of healthy individuals, and (ii) the periodontal lesion expresses a unique TCR repertoire in which the Vβ 17 gene dominates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02418.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cyclosporine A on plasma cells in experimental gingivitis in dogs (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 23 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effect of Cyclosporine A (CsA) on the inflammatory lesion formed in the gingival tissues during de novo plaque formation. 5 beagle dogs were used. On day 0, all teeth of the 5 dogs were scaled and polished. A 6-week period of plaque control including daily tooth cleaning with toothbrush and dentifrice was initiated. A clinical examination regarding plaque and gingivitis was performed, and the plaque control measures were abandoned on the right side of mandible. 3 weeks later, the clinical examination was repeated, samples of subgingival plaque harvested and biopsies obtained from the 3rd and 4th right mandibular premolar regions. The tooth cleaning measures on the left side of the mandible were terminated at this interval. During the following 3 weeks, the animals formed plaque in the lower left premolar regions, and received, 1 × daily, a subcutaneous injection of CsA. At the end of this 2nd plaque formation period (test), the clinical examination was repeated, subgingival plaque was sampled and biopsies from the 3rd and 4th left mandibular premolar regions harvested. The biopsies were prepared for histometric and morphometric analyses. The clinical and histological examinations demonstrated that plaque formation resulted in a gingival lesion (ICT) which, in the 2 periods, had similar size and apical extension. The ICT formed during the CsA administration period, however, harbored an increased number of plasma cells and a reduced macrophage density than the control lesion. It is suggested that CsA administration may result in a Th-2 (T-helper 2-cell) dependent activation of B-lymphocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1996.tb01817.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Administration of Antibodies to Hyaluronanreceptor (CD44) Delays the Start and Ameliorates the Severity of Collagen II Arthritis (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 42 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Hyaluronanreceptor (CD44) has been shown to be involved in lymphocyte homing during normal leucocyte circulation and during leucocyte extravasation into sites of tissue inflammation. In addition, interaction with CD44 molecule induces T-cell activation and production of cytokines, such as interferon-γ. In this study we have examined what influence interaction with the CD44 receptor would have on collagen II-induced arthritis in mice. Mice were immunized with rat collagen II and administered with injections of a monoclonal anti-CD44 antibody. Seventeen days after the outbreak of the disease, all of the anti-CD44 treated animals remained clinically healthy, whereas 37% of the controls displayed arthritis (P〈0.001). Ten days later the prevalence of arthritis was 26% and 65% (P〈0.05), respectively. Furthermore, the severity of the arthritis was significantly ameliorated by the anti-CD44 treatment. Serum levels of interferon-γ were significantly higher in collagen II immunized animals having been treated with anti-CD44, compared to the controls. Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response was significantly decreased in the anti-CD44 treated animals, indicating a functional suppression of T cells. In contrast, T cell independent experimental inflammation was not affected by the administration of CD44 antibodies. Our results suggest that interaction with CD44 down-regulates T lymphocyte/monocyte mediated inflammatory reaction, possibly by triggering of interferon-γ release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1995.tb03667.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversal of T-Cell Anergy in Autoimmune (NZB X NZW)F1 Mice by Transfer with Non-Antigen Specific CD4+ T Cells from Young, Syngeneic Donors (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 34 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The F1 hybrid of NZB and NZW mice is a well-known model of ds systemic lupus erythematosus characterized by B-cell hyperactivity, production of autoantibodies and immune-complex formation. These phenomena have been regarded as pathogenetic for the development of glomerulonephritis and early death in renal failure. U has been previously reported that aged and overt diseased NZB/W mice also display impaired T-cell responses. In the present report we demonstrate an age-dependent decline in the capacity of NZB/W mice to mount in vivo cutaneous delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) and antibody responses to a hapten. oxazolone (OXA). Moreover, in vitro proliferative response lo Concanavalin A (Con A) and production of interleukin 2 (lL-2) were severely depressed in aged NZB/W mice, In transfer experiments we show that a single i. p. injection of non-immune mononuclear spleen cells from young NZB/W mice to old diseased syngeneic recipients restores DTH reactivity and increases the antibody response to OXA, This effect is a CD4+- dependent process since the restoration of T-cell responses was abrogated upon elimination of CD4+ donor T cells. Overall, our results indicate that limited numbers ofCD4* T cells display substantial immunoregulatory properties reversing the state of anergy in autoimmune NZB/W mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1991.tb01600.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beneficial Effect of Glucocorticoids on the Course of Haematogenously Acquired Staphylococcus aureus Nephritis (1997)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 45 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of combined antibiotic and corticosteroid treatment on the course of haematogenously acquired Staphylococcus aureus nephritis was studied. Mice were given a single injection of S. aureus producing toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in a dose capable of inducing a high frequency of inflammatory kidney lesions and divided into three groups according to a treatment regimen. In all untreated animals inflammatory infiltrates were seen in kidney cortex and medulla with high frequencies of glomerular (90%) and tubular damage (50%) as well as fibrotic changes (50%). The treatment with antibiotics alone reduced significantly only the occurrence of focal inflammatory infiltrates. In contrast, the mice treated with a combination of antibiotics and corticosteroids displayed in 64% of cases normal histological kidney appearance and a significant decrease in occurrence of glomerular (P〈0.01) and tubular (P〈0.05) lesions. Immunohistochemically, the combined treatment resulted in a more pronounced decrease in numbers of CD4, IL-2R (four to fivefold) and CD8 positive cells in kidney inflammatory lesions compared to antibiotics only treated group. Thus, glucocorticoids in association with antibiotics are shown to improve the outcome of septic murine nephritis, possibly due to suppression of kidney infiltrating T cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-400.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Limited T-Cell Receptor V Gene Usage in Inclusion Body Myositis (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 43 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is a chronic, progressive inflammatory myopathy. The inflammatory infiltrates are dominated by T cells, which frequently invade muscle fibres. The present study was performed to characterize the usage of the variable (V)segment of the T-cell receptor of muscle infiltrating cells in IBM. Using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique the authors analysed the expression of 22 Vα and 24 Vβ families in muscle tissue from six patientswith IBM displaying intense inflammatory cell infiltration. The following Vα/Vβ families appeared in at least 50% of the patients: Vα1, 5, 7, 15, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22 and Vβ3, 5.2, 8, 12, 14, 22. In all patients Vα7, 16 and Vβ8 wereexpressed in muscle tissue. Furthermore, in two of the patients peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were investigated in parallel. There was a restricted usage of Vα and Vβ families in muscle in comparison to PBL, indicating a selective homing orlocal proliferation of T lymphocytes in the inflammatory lesions in IBM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-10.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of Heterozygous lpr Gene in MRL Mice (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 32 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Recently we showed that not only homozygous MRL lpr/lpr mice but also heterozygous MRL +/lpr mice display defective antigen- and mitogen-driven T-cell responses as well as polyclonal B-cell activation compared with congeneic MRL +/+ mice. In this study we examined die impact of the heterozygous lpr gene on organ pathology in kidneys, joints, and salivary glands, as well as serum levels of immunoglobulins and autoantibodies in young and old MRL mice. Only 1 out of 17 heterozygous lpr-bearing MRL mice developed clinically overt renal disease with significant proteinuria and haematuria during the first year of life. However, examination of Ig and C3 deposits in glomeruli of kidneys from these mice revealed that the expression of the heterozygous lpr gene in MRL mice accelerates glomerulonephritis in addition, histological examination of the submandibular salivary glands showed an increased focus score in heterozygous MRL mice at 4–5 months of age compared with that of matched congeneic +/+ mice. In contrast, no signs of arthropathy were registered in the heterozygous lpr-bearing MRL mice. Heterozygous MRL mice displayed an expanding lymphoid system as evaluated by significantly increased spleen and lymph node weights com pared with those of matched MRL +/+ mice. Further evidence for immunomodulatory properties of the heterozygous lpr gene was obtained when analysing serum levels of IgG, IgM, and autoantibodies. Thus, heterozygous MRL +/lpr mice produced significantly higher levels of both Ig and autoantibodies than matched MRL +/+ mice. We conclude that the expression of the heterozygous lpr gene in MRL mice results in acceleration of the autoimmune process, giving rise to precocious clinical disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02887.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of the dietary inclusion of sida meal (Malvaceae) for gilts on the reproductive performance, apparent digestibility, rate of passage and plasma parameters
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Livestock Production Science 27 (1991), S. 199-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 0301-6226
    Keywords: gilts ; plasma parameters ; sida meal utilization
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-6226(91)90096-9
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential Immunological Aberrations in Patients with Primary and Secondary Sjögren's Syndrome (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 45 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of the present study was to analyse possible differences in immunological features between patients with primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Ten patients with primary SS and 10 patients with secondary SS also suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, were identified according to established criteria for SS. Ten healthy, age-matched women served as controls. The authors analysed the phenotypic characteristics of lymphocytes in peripheral blood as well as in focal inflammatory infiltrates of minor salivary gland biopsies. Functional analyses of T lymphocytes were performed after stimulation with mitogens and antigen. B cell activity was determined at the single cell level by spontaneous and mitogen induced immunoglobulin production. Serum levels of IL-4, IL-6 and IFN-γ were also analysed. Patients with primary SS displayed a significantly higher degree of salivary gland inflammation and reduced salivary flow than did patients with secondary SS. Decreased in vitro T cell responses to antigen and mitogens were evident in both patient groups. The CD4/CD8 ratios in both peripheral blood and salivary gland lesions were significantly lower in primary SS compared with secondary SS patients. Polyclonal B cell activation, measured as the frequency of spontaneous immunoglobulin producing cells, was most prominent in primary SS, whereas a diminished response to poke-weed mitogen (PWM), a T cell dependent B cell mitogen, was more pronounced in secondary SS. The results reveal certain immunological aberrations in the whole group of patients with SS. In addition, the authors demonstrated distinct differences in immune dysfunction between patients with primary and secondary SS, indicating that they may constitute separate entities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-449.x
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