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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of Drying Methods on Volatile Sulfur Constituents of Caucas (Allium victorialis L.) (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 56 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of freeze-drying, hot air, and vacuum far infrared-drying on caucas (Allium victorialis L.) flavor was studied. The GC and GC-MS characterization of volatiles from dried caucas powders revealed the main flavor components; disulfides and trisulfides, as well as the antithrombotic substances; vinyldithiins, remained in all products. Vi-nyldithiins were isolated and subsequently confirmed by IR, NMR and Mass Spectrometry. Rehydration of the dried powders increased measurable volatile compounds, which were produced enzymatically. Increased-storage time decreased measurable volatiles in freeze-dried and hot air-dried caucas powders while the volatile profile remained unchanged.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1991.tb07978.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Residual pancreatic exocrine function before and after pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary cancer (1984)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 8 (1984), S. 335-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Chez 25 sujets qui présentaient un cancer périampullaire et subirent une duodéno-pancréatectomie, la fonction exocrine du pancréas laissé en place fut définie par un test diagnostique fonctionnel au décours de l'intervention. Le volume de l'acide p-amino-benzoïque excrété dans les urines pendant six heures, mesuré avant l'opération, s'est montré inférieur à celui du groupe de contrôle (p 〈 0,01). Ce même volume d'excrétion mesuré au cours des 2 mois qui suivirent l'intervention fut égal à celui qui avait été constaté avant la duodénopancréatectomie, mais 12 mois après l'intervention il était plus élevé que le volume mesuré avant l'opération (p〈0,01) et 2 mois après l'intervention (p〈0,01). L'analyse de l'excrétion urinaire de cet agent chimique a permis de présumer de l'état du canal pancréatique. En effet on peut conclure de ces constatations que le taux faible d'excrétion avant l'intervention était le fait de l'obstruction du canal pancréatique, que le taux également peu élevé après l'opération correspondait à la mauvaise digestion et à la mauvaise absorption des aliments alors que son ascension 12 mois après la duodéno-pancréatectomie traduisait une amélioration, car il égalait celui du groupe de contrôle.
    Abstract: Resumen En 25 pacientes con cáncer periampular sometidos a pancreato-duodenectomía fue realizado el estudio de la función residual del páncreas exocrino mediante pruebas de diagnóstico de la función pancreática (PDP) con el fin de investigar sus variaciones durante la etapa postoperatoria. El volumen de excreción del ácido p-amino-benzoico (APAB) en las 6 horas antecedentes a la operación se encontró significativamente menor que el del control (p 〈 0.01). La excreción urinaria a 6 horas dentro de los dos primeros meses después de la operación fue hallada en los mismos niveles que antes de la operación; sin embargo, la excreción a 6 horas 12 meses después de la operación se encontró más alta que antes de la operación (p〈0,01) y que en los primeras meses después de la operación (p 〈 0,01). El análisis del patron de excreción urinaria del APAB fue de utilidad para sugerir el estado del canal pancreático. Puede concluirse que el menor nivel de la PDP antes de la pancreato-duodenectomía se debió a obstrucción del canal pancreático, que el menor nivel de la PDP en los dos primeros meses después de la operación se debió a maldigestión y malabsorción, y que el nivel de la PDP en los 12 meses siguientes a la operación fue mejorado para alcanzar el mismo nivel que el grupo control.
    Notes: Abstract In 25 patients with periampullary cancer receiving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), residual function of the exocrine pancreas was assessed by the pancreatic function diagnostant test (PFT) to investigate functional variations during the postoperative course. The volume of excretion of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) in urine for 6 hours before the operation was significantly lower than that in the control group (p〈0.01). The 6-hour excretion level within 2 months after the operation was the same as preoperatively; however, the 6-hour excretion level 12 months postoperatively was higher than that before the operation (p〈0.01) and within 2 months after the operation (p〈0.01). An analysis of the urinary excretion pattern of PABA was useful to suggest the status of the pancreatic duct. It may be concluded that the lower level of the PFT before PD resulted from obstruction of the pancreatic duct, that the lower level within 2 months after PD was the result of maldigestion and malabsorption, and that the level of the PFT beyond 12 months after PD was improved to the same level as the control group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01655068
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwave Coagulonecrotic Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 20 (1996), S. 1076-1081 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The present study reports on the usefulness of microwave coagulonecrotic therapy (MCT) as a treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with poor hepatic reserve. From June 1992 to March 1995, MCT using a microwave electrode was employed on 8 patients using laparoscopic control and 19 with the open method, and wedge resection (Hx) was applied to the 23 patients. All patients had HCC with poor hepatic reserve. Radiation output was 100 watts with a mean radiation duration of about 30 minutes. The severity of liver dysfunction and the regional characteristics of the tumor (tumor size, multiplicity, portal invasion, tumor depth) were comparable between the MCT and Hx groups. The operative time was significantly shorter for the MCT group than the Hx group. The mean blood loss was 1570 ml in the Hx group but negligible in the MCT group. There was no operative mortality in the MCT group in contrast to 4.3% (1 of 23) in the Hx group. Complications were observed in 11.1% (3 of 27) and 34.8% (8 of 23), respectively, for the MCT and Hx groups. The postoperative total bilirubin had lower values and the start of diet was earlier in the MCT group than the Hx group. The 3-year crude and disease-free survival rates were 86% and 44%, respectively, for patients who underwent MCT, which were comparable to 75% and 14% for those with Hx. MCT can achieve long-term results equivalent to those obtained by wedge resections, but it is less invasive and technically easier. Therefore it can be an alternative option in place of limited resection for HCC with poor hepatic reserve.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689900163
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Randomized controlled study of postoperative adjuvant immunochemotherapy with Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (N-CWS) and Tegafur for gastric carcinoma (1986)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 22 (1986), S. 148-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We performed a randomized controlled study of postoperative adjuvant immunochemotherapy with Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (N-CWS) and Tegafur for gastric carcinoma between September 1979 and March 1983. A total of 309 patients were entered into this trial. Of the 309 patients, there were 98 evaluable patients in the chemotherapy group and 115 evaluable patients in the immunochemotherapy group. In both groups, Tegafur was given as chemotherapy at a daily dose of 400 to 800 mg, starting at 24–29 days after gastrectomy. In the immunochemotherapy group, 400 μg of N-CWS was injected i. d. within the 2nd postoperative week. It was given weekly during the first month and subsequently monthly for as long as practicable. The patients were surveyed for length of survival in March 1985. The postoperative survival rate was analyzed for all cases, and for patients with various histopathological stages of carcinoma for comparison between the two treatment groups. No statistical difference was detected between the two groups in terms of age, sex, surgical curabilities, or stage of carcinoma. The overall survival rate for all patients was significantly higher in the immunochemotherapy group than in the chemotherapy group (p〈0.05). With stage III plus IV disease, 53 patients from the chemotherapy group and 61 patients from the immunochemotherapy group were included for the analysis. As a consequence, a highly significant survival rate was observed in patients with stage III plus IV carcinoma in the immunochemotherapy group (p〈0.005) as compared to the chemotherapy group. The overall 5-year (1800 days) survival rate after surgical treatment was 60.2% for the chemotherapy group and 73.2% for the immunochemotherapy group. In patients with stage III plus IV disease, the 5-year survival rates of the two treatment groups were 28.8% and 52.4%, respectively. Accordingly, the 50% survival period of patients with stage III plus IV cancer was 1800 days or more in the immunochemotherapy group, whereas it was only 722 days in the chemotherapy group. These results emphasize the effectiveness of N-CWS as an adjuvant immunotherapeutic agent in postoperative gastric cancer patients. The main side effects of N-CWS were skin lesions in the injected sites and fever, but these were temporary and not serious.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00199130
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viral serostatus and coexisting inflammatory activity affect metachronous carcinogenesis after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma. A further report (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of gastroenterology 35 (2000), S. 206-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5922
    Keywords: Key words: hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatectomy, intrahepatic recurrence, metachronous carcinogenesis, viral serostatus, viral hepatitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Little data are available regarding the effects of hepatitis virus serostatus and the severity of coexisting chronic inflammation on intrahepatic recurrence after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated the extent to which these factors modified the prognosis of hepatectomized patients. A total of 274 patients treated in the period January 1981 to December 1996 were divided into three groups: anti-hepatitis C-positive (HCV; n = 144), hepatitis B surface antigen-positive and HCV antibody (Ab)-negative (HBsAg; n = 106), and HBsAg-negative and HCV Ab-negative (NBNC; n = 20). Positivity for HBV-related antibody in the HCV group was 76%. Histologic grading of inflammatory activity from coexisting hepatitis was determined according to Knodel's histological activity index (HAI) scoring system. Post-hepatectomy crude survival rates and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were compared, according to tumor characteristics, between the three groups. In the patients overall and also in the patients with a single nodular HCC, the HCV group had significantly higher HAI scores and preoperative serum aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) levels than the other two groups. When the patients were limited to those with a single nodular HCC, the crude survival was similar in the three groups with comparable tumor characteristics; however, the DFS was different (NBNC 〉 HBsAg 〉 HCV). When the patients were further limited to those with a single nodular HCC without microscopic extracapsular spread, in whom removal of the tumor was expected to be microscopically complete, the difference in the DFS became more marked. Irrespective of the viral serostatus, better crude and disease-free survivals were observed in the patients with lower AST levels (≧50 IU/l) than in those with higher AST levels (〉50 IU/l). In contrast, there were no differences in survivals and HAI scores according to the presence or absence of HBV-related antibody in the HCV group. From our univariate analysis, we can conclude that the severity of virally induced inflammation, which was well correlated with viral serostatus, may be a factor that affects intrahepatic recurrence, which is more likely to originate from metachronous carcinogenesis. Prior co-infection of HBV in HCV patients may not be an adverse risk factor for intrahepatic recurrence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005350050332
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of and obstacles in surgical treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma over the last 25 years: differences over four treatment eras (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of gastroenterology 35 (2000), S. 613-621 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5922
    Keywords: Key words: hepatocellular carcinoma ; hepatectomy ; disease-free survival ; prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: This study was designed to clarify what differences the last 25 years have made in surgical results for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We examined results for 716 hepatectomized patients in four treatment eras: first era (1973–1980; n = 58), second era (1981–1985; n = 155), third era (1986–1990; n = 243), and fourth era (1991–1997; n = 260). Patient background, tumor characteristics, type of hepatectomy, treatment for intrahepatic recurrences, and surgical results in the four eras were compared by univariate analysis to clarify the factors that have contributed to or impeded progress in the surgical treatment of HCC. Although there were no significant chronological differences in liver pathology and surgical resectability, operative mortality was reduced to 2% in the fourth era, from 29% in the first era. With an increasing proportion of early-stage HCCs (TNM, stages I and II), the cumulative survival rate at 5 years improved in the course of the eras in our overall population of patients (12%, 31%, 38%, and 51%, respectively, for the first, second, third, and fourth eras) and in a subset of the population divided according to tumor stage. Also, we found a chronological improvement in the survival rate at 3 years after intrahepatic recurrence (10%, 28%, 36%, and 44%, respectively in the first second, third, and fourth eras). This improvement was associated with the establishment of an early detection program for intrahepatic recurrences. However, the recurrence rate was similar in any subset of the population through the four eras. Although this univariate study could not determine independent factors that contributed to the chronological progress in results for HCC surgery in the four eras, it is conceivable that the establishment of indication criteria for hepatectomy, an early detection program for primary and recurrent lesions, and the introduction of multimodal treatment for recurrence were contributory factors in this im-provement. A strategy for alleviating the frequent recurrences originating from posthepatectomy metachronous carcinogenesis remains to be established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005350070061
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determinants of long-term survival following hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma, with special reference to patients surviving more than 10 years (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery 1 (1994), S. 107-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-0691
    Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma ; hepatectomy ; long-term survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To elucidate the determinants of survival and the clinicopathologic features of long-term survivors of resections for HCC, we reviewed 539 patients who had had hepatectomy alone or hepatectomy together with hepatic arterial ligation or ethanol injection for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at our department between 1973 and December 1992. Of these patients, 30% (79/264) survived for more than 5 years and 11% (10/87) for more than 10 years. All the long-term survivors had received curative resections. The 5- and 10-year survivors accounted for 58% (79/136) and 29% (10/35) of those with curative resections, respectively. Crucial determinants for long-term survival were the absence of portal invasion and satellite nodules, a diploid pattern of DNA content, and a curative resection. A curative resection for diploid HCCs led to much better survival rates (73%) at 5 years than such a resection for aneuploid HCCs (35%), and than for non-curative resections for aneuploid HCCs (0%). The history and tumor background of the ten patients who survived for more than 10 years were characterized by good reserve liver function, warranting a wider resection, predominance of female sex, single nodular growth, and the absence of poorly differentiated cells, in addition to the favorable conditions described above. Three of the ten patients developed a new lesion; these were successfully treated by re-resection or repeated arterial embolization, since they were confined to the remnant liver and showed single nodular growth without extranodular spread. This analysis indicates that hepatectomy is the option of first choice for HCC patients with the potential for cure and good reserve liver function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01222231
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urate transport in nephrons of gouty patients: quantitative analysis of urate transport in nephrons (1999)
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental nephrology 3 (1999), S. 169-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7799
    Keywords: Key words Urate excretion ; Urate transport in nephrons ; Hyperuricemia ; Pyrazinamide test ; Benzbromarone test ; Four-component theory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. Urate underexcretion has been reported as the major cause of hyperuricemia in gouty patients. The four-component theory of urate transport in nephrons has been a valuable hypothesis for studying the mechanism of the urate underexcretion, but accurate quantitative analysis of urate transport in nephrons at different sites has not yet been carried out. To determine the amount of urate transport in nephrons more accurately, we applied mathematical calculations to urate transport in nephrons based on the four-component theory. Methods. In 20 gouty patients and 14 normal controls, 60-min urine fractions and blood samples taken at the midpoint of the urine collection period were collected before and after pyradinamide or benzbromarone administration, and urate clearance (Cua) was determined. Urate excretion (Uua) was defined as {Ccr(1-R1) + Cs} Sua(1-R2), where Ccr is creatinine clearance, R1 is the presecretory reabsorption rate, Cs (ml/min) is the secretion rate, Sua is serum urate level, and R2 is the postsecretory reabsorption rate. Results. In the gouty patients, urate glomerular filtration was significantly higher than in the normal controls, but approximately 96% of the filtered urate was reabsorbed. The urate secretion rate of gouty patients was markedly lower than that of the controls, but the amount of urate secretion was slightly and not significantly lower than that of the controls. Postsecretory reabsorption was proportional to intratubular urate concentration. Subsequent urinary excretion in gouty patients was significantly lower than that in the normal controls. Presecretory reabsorption, secretion, postsecretory reabsorption, and urinary excretion comprised 95.9%, 38.9% 38.6%, and 4.4% of urate glomerular filtration in gouty patients, and 96.2%, 52.2%, 49.6%, and 6.5% in normal controls, respectively. Conclusions. Urate secretion in the nephrons of gouty patients was significantly decreased compared with that in normal controls in terms of its rate and its proportion to urate glomerular filtration, which resulted in significant reduction of urinary urate excretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101570050030
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Idiopathic benign biliary stricture (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery 5 (1998), S. 463-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-0691
    Keywords: Key words: benign biliary stricture ; localized primary sclerosing cholangitis ; extrahepatic bile duct
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: A rare case of idiopathic benign biliary stricture is reported. A 50-year-old man with liver dysfunction underwent ultrasonography, which revealed dilation of the intrahepatic bile ducts, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, which revealed a short, ring-like stenosis at the junction of the left and right hepatic ducts. Although a benign stricture was suspected, radiologic tests alone were insufficient to make a firm diagnosis. Therefore, a cholecystectomy and resection of the extrahepatic biliary tract were performed. Microscopic examination of the resected specimen demonstrated no evidence of malignancy. The final diagnosis was mild, localized, chronic cholangitis. The patient had not had previous biliary tract surgery, choledocholithiasis, nor did he have a congenital abnormality of the biliary tract, bile duct carcinoma, or pancreatic disease. Since there was no evidence of primary sclerosing cholangitis, the stricture was considered to be idiopathic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005340050074
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