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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 181 (1958), S. 647-648 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The method used for determining SH containing compounds is an adaptation of Mason's2'3 method, which is based upon the reduction of ferricyanide ions by thiols to ferrocyanide ions which are then determined colorimetrically as ferric ferrocyanide. Depro-teinized extracts of tick eggs at a stage ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 403 (2000), S. 750-753 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] To obtain the maximum luminous efficiency from an organic material, it is necessary to harness both the spin-symmetric and anti-symmetric molecular excitations (bound electron–hole pairs, or excitons) that result from electrical pumping. This is possible if the material is ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 7991-8006 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We measure the current–voltage and electroluminescence characteristics of single-heterojunction, vacuum-deposited organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) over a wide range of materials, temperatures, and currents. We find that the current is limited by a large density of traps with an exponential energy distribution below the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital. The characteristic trap depth is 0.15 eV. Furthermore, in metal–quinolate-based devices, electroluminescence originates from recombination of Frenkel excitons, and its temperature dependence is consistent with the excitons being formed by Coulombic relaxation of the trapped electrons with holes injected from the counter electrode. By semiempirical molecular orbital modeling, we find that the trap distribution obtained from the current–voltage characteristics is consistent with a distribution in the metal–quinolate molecular conformations which result in a continuous, exponential distribution of allowed states below the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital. We discuss the implications of the intrinsic relationship between electroluminescence and current transport in OLEDs for the optimization of efficiency and operating voltage in these devices. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 981-983 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The design and operation of instrumentation included in the gas injection system of the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) for torus pressure and gas flow measurements are described. Magnetically shielded ion gauges, located on the torus boundary, are used for fast (1 kHz) torus pressure measurements over the range 10−7–10−3 Torr. Gas injection assemblies comprising an array of piezoelectric gas injection valves are situated at three toroidal locations. The gas injection valves are programmed for various discharge conditions including feedback control from the torus pressure gauges and plasma density measurement. Gas flow through the injection valves is monitored by strain-gauge-type pressure transducers on each injection valve. The resulting gas flow measurements are used for gas fueling, particle balance, and recycling studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 1689-1691 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: GaAs has been selectively grown in a hexagonally ordered array of nanometer-scale holes with a density as high as ∼1011/cm2 by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. This array of holes was created using block copolymer lithography, in which a thin layer of diblock copolymer was used as an etching mask to make dense holes in a 15-nm-thick SiNx film. These selectively grown nanoscale features are estimated to be 23 nm in diameter with narrow lateral size and height distributions as characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and tapping mode atomic force microscopy. The narrow size distribution and uniform spatial position of the nanoscale dots we report offer potential advantages over self-assembled dots grown by the Stranski–Krastanow mode. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ultraviolet (UV) optical pumping followed by fluorescence wavelength downconversion of thin film organic light emitting materials deposited directly on the surface of Si p-n junction diodes is found to be an accurate and rapid means to determine the film internal fluorescence efficiency. By measuring the photoresponse of the Si detectors in the UV, we find that the organic light emitting films of aluminum tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) (Alq3), N,N′-diphenyl-N,N′-bis-(3-methylphenyl)- 1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine, and bis-(8-hydroxyquinaldine)-chlorogallium (Gaq2′Cl), have internal fluorescence efficiencies of 0.30±0.05, 0.35±0.03, and 0.36±0.03, respectively. It has also been found that the organic films can be grown to a thickness which optimizes UV light conversion and can, at the same time, serve as antireflection coatings in the visible spectral region, thereby resulting in enhanced Si photodiode sensitivity extending from the UV to the infrared. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 2959-2961 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We demonstrate an integrated, two-color organic light-emitting device for flat-panel display applications. The device utilizes a unique stacked pixel architecture which allows for independent tuning of color and intensity. Each of the two addressable colors is sufficiently bright for video display applications, so that the compact stacked pixel, which maximizes display resolution, may form the basis of a new type of full-color display. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 2606-2608 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the demonstration of transparent organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) which are ∼70% transparent throughout the visible spectrum when switched off, and emit light from both sides with a total external quantum efficiency of ∼0.1% when turned on. The devices are Alq3-based single heterostructure OLEDs grown on an ITO-coated glass substrate with a top electrode composed of a very thin layer of Mg–Ag and an overlaying ITO film. The top electrode is both electron injecting and transparent. The transparent OLEDs are expected to be useful in high-resolution full-color displays, as well as for helmet-mounted, windshield-mounted, or other "head-up'' display applications. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 3117-3119 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report a demonstration of the integration of individual polymer-based light emitting devices of three different colors on the same substrate. Orange, green, and blue color devices are sequentially fabricated on the same indium–tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate coated with a patterned insulator on the ITO, by the spin coating of polymer thin films, the vacuum deposition of top metal contacts, and the patterning of polymer thin film by plasma etching, using the top metal contacts as the self-aligned etching mask. The devices exhibit no degradation of device characteristics due to the integration processing compared to discrete devices on separate substrates. This demonstration shows a new path towards the fabrication of high performance low-cost full-color organic flat panel displays. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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