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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corneal infection of herpes simplex virus type 2 – induced neuronal apoptosis in the brain stem of mice with expression of tumor suppressor gene (p53) and transcription factors (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 100 (2000), S. 647-653 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words HSV ; Immunohistochemistry ; Apoptosis ; p53 ; Transcription factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To understand the mechanism of neuronal apoptosis induced by herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in vivo, the distribution of viral antigen, the appearance of apoptotic bodies, and the expressions of the tumor suppressor gene p53 and several transcription factors such as c-fos, c-jun and NF-κB were examined immunohistochemically and histopathologically after corneal infection of mice with HSV type 2 strain 186. Five days after HSV infection, viral antigen was diffusely detected in the corneal epithelium, the trigeminal ganglion and the pars caudalis of the spinal trigeminal nucleus. Neuronal apoptosis was observed in the brain stem ipsilateral to the HSV-infected side with the immunoreactivities of c-fos, c-jun, NF-κB and p53. Dual-labeling immunohistochemical studies revealed that almost all of the viral antigen-positive neurons and glia in the brain stem also showed p53 immunoreactivity. On the other hand, no neuronal apoptosis but only with the expression of c-jun was found in the trigeminal ganglion. Our results suggest that the different expression of transcription factors between the brain stem and the trigeminal ganglion may influence the neuronal apoptosis induced by HSV infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010000240
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of point mutations in human tyrosinase gene by improved allele-specific amplification (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Experimental dermatology 4 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Allele-specific amplification (ASA) is a simple and non-radioactive technique for detecting known point mutations that produce genetic diseases. Although this technique is based on the specific amplification of the target allele by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with allele-specific primers, the specificity of the amplification may depend on various PCR conditions. To avoid non-specific amplification which leads to false-positive results in ASA, we modified both the normal and mutant allele-specific primers so that they would have one constant base mismatch, located at the penultimate 3′ position. We confirmed that our modification could inhibit such unfavorable amplification by using as templates genomic DNAs of patients affected with tyrosinase-negative oculocutaneous albinism (OCA). We then analyzed new patients affected with tyrosinase-negative OCA, and based the diagnosis on both the results of a clinical examination and those of a hair bulb test using ASA with the modified allele-specific primers. The results indicated that more than 3 alleles of the tyrosinase gene with a pathological mutation existed in Japanese patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.1995.tb00063.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific distribution patterns of hCDC47 expression in cutaneous diseases (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 25 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: hCDC47 is a human member of the MCM family, which has been implicated to be concerned with the regulatory machinery causing DNA to replicate once per cell cycle. In a previous paper, we described hCDC47 expression as being localized in the proliferative component of normal tissues, and showed greater expression in squamous cell skin carcinomas than in seborrheic keratosis. In the present study, we compared its expression in another type of skin tumor and variotis non-neoplastic cutaneous proliferative diseases. Two patterns of distribution of hCDC47-positive cells were observed. Keratoacanthomas showed a peripheral pattern in which only the cells located the basal cell layers were positive. Psoriasis vulgaris also showed this peripheral type of location, with the cells in the suprabasal layers also occasionally expressing hCDC47. Verruca vulgaris demonstrated a diffuse pattern, with positive epithelial cells distributed throughout the layers. Basal cell carcinomas also showed a similar pattern. The keratoacanthomas showed the highest hCDC47 positive cell rate (43.1%), followed by verruca vulgaris (42.5%). psoriasis vulgaris (23.4%), and basal cell carcinoma (17.3%). Our results suggest participation of hCDC47 in these proliferative disorders involving keratinocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1998.tb01747.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inverse Relation of Body-Surface Activation-Recovery Interval and Recovery Time to Activation Time in Normal Subjects: Stronger Correlation and More Heterogeneous Distribution in Activation-Recovery Interval Than in Recovery Time (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 22 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The activation-recovery interval (ARI), measured directly from the myocardium, has shown a good correlation with the action potential duration (APD) in experiments. APD has been reported to be inversely related to the activation time (AT). However, no studies have examined the correlation between the body-surface ARI and AT in normal subjects. Fifty normal subjects (25 men and 25 women) were studied to elucidate the relationship between the body-surface ARI and AT. The body-surface AT was defined as the duration between the QRS onset and the minimum dV/dt of the QRS wave, and ARI as the interval between the minimum dV/dt of the QRS wave and the maximum dV/dt of the T wave in each lead of an 87 unipolar lead system. We also measured the recovery time (RT) defined as the duration between the QRS onset and the maximum dV/dt of the T wave. ARI was inversely correlated with AT (r = -0.73). RT was also inversely correlated with AT (r = -0.61), however, RT had a less heterogeneous distribution than ARI (148 ms vs 159 ms). There were no differences between male and female subjects in the relation between ARI and RT or in the body-surface distribution of ARI and RT. These findings suggest that the body-surface ARI may reflect recovery properties over the cardiac surface and that APD may distribute inhomogsneously over the human cardiac surface with a longer RT over an area with a shorter AT. ARI calculated from body-surface ECG may be a useful noninvasive and repeatedly measurable estimate of APD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1999.tb06808.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Right Ventricular Dysplasia: Identification of Target Sites by Entrainment Mapping Techniques (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective: To identify target sites for radiofrequency ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) by entrainment mapping techniques in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. Methods: Entrainment mapping and radiofrequency ablation of eight VTs was performed in seven patients. Radiofrequency ablation was applied at 31 reentry circuits sites that were classified based on findings during entrainment. Results: By entrainment criteria the 31 sites were classified as: exit sites (n = 12), proximal sites (n = 6), and outer loop sites (n = 13). Radiofrequency current application terminated VT at 7 of 31 sites: 2 of 12 exit sites (17%), 4 of 6 proximal sites (67%), and 1 of 13 outer loop sites (8%). Conclusion: Radiofrequency ablation terminated VTs most often at sites proximal to the exit as opposed to outer loop sites and exit sites (P = 0.05). The critical isthmus for ablation of VT in right ventricular dysplasia often may be distant to the exit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1998.tb01216.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Pituitary and Ovarian Hormones on Human Melanocytes In Vitro (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Periodontology 2000 9 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0757
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Normal human melanocytes in culture became enlarged and dendritic after a 2-day incubation with either the pituitary (β-MSH, a potent analog of α-MSH, ACTH, FSH and LH) or the ovarian (estradiol, estriol and progesterone) hormones. Under the same experimental conditions, pituitary hormones also increased both the tyrosinase activity and tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1) while ovarian hormones increased TRP-1 but not tyrosinase activity. The results suggest that pituitary and ovarian hormones possibly induce hyperpigmentation of the skin by stimulating the melanogenesis in epidermal melanocytes, and that estradiol and progesterone may be involved in the pathogenesis of melasma (chloasma) usually developing between early adulthood and menopause in which a high concentration of serum ovarian hormones was maintained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1996.tb00110.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monoclonal Antibody MAT-1 Against Human Tyrosinase Can Detect Melanogenic Cells on Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Sections (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Periodontology 2000 9 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0757
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Immunohistochemical localization of tyrosinase was examined with a monoclonal antibody (MoAb MAT-1) against human tyrosinase on routine formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of 3 normal skin specimens, 15 melanocytic tumors (6 pigmented nevi, 3 juvenile melanomas and 6 malignant melanomas) and 3 non-melanocytic tumors. In the melanotic melanomas, almost all tumor cells were clearly stained with the antibody. In the nevocytic nevi, the nevus cells in lower epidermis and upper dermis were positive for MoAb MAT-1, but negative in middle and lower dermis. All three juvenile melanomas, one amelanotic melanoma, and three non-melanocytic tumors were entirely negative for MoAb MAT-1. Thus, MoAb MAT-1 could recognize the cells with melanogenic activity on routine formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections. However, the staining quality was not adequate for normal epidermal melanocytes, indicating that small technical innovations in the immunostaining process such as formalin fixation after PBS washing are required. Nevertheless, MoAb MAT-1 can be expected to be very useful for identifying melanogenic cells on paraffin-embedded sections, because we have to date no other antibody available for it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1996.tb00092.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of Mutations in the Pigment Cell-Specific Gene Located at the Brown Locus in Mouse (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Periodontology 2000 3 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0757
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The pigment cell-specific gene, located at the brown (b)-locus in mouse, encodes the protein that determines the type of melanin synthesized. This protein is known as tyrosinase-related protein, but here we tentatively term it b-locus protein to avoid confusions with the related sequence cross-hybridizing to the tyrosinase gene. In order to identify the mutation at the b-locus, we have cloned and characterized the b-locus protein gene of BALB/c mouse (b/b, c/c). The gene is about 18 kb long and organized into 8 exons and 7 introns. Sequence analysis of the b-locus protein gene reveals four base changes within the protein-coding regions: two missense mutations and two silent mutations. Two missense mutations result in the Cys to Tyr substitution at position 86 (codon 110) and the Arg to His substitution at position 302 (codon 326) of a b-locus protein molecule. Using allele-specific amplification, we confirmed that these missense mutations are actually present in the genomic DNA of two b-mutant strains examined, BALB/c and DBA/2 (b/b, C/C) mice, suggesting that these mutations are specific for the mutant mice at the b-locus. Moreover, we are able to show that the b-locus protein containing Tyr 86 is not reactive with the anti-b-locus protein monoclonal antibody, TMH-1, in transient expression assays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1990.tb00355.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular Bases of Tyrosinase-Negative Oculocutaneous Albinism: A Single Base Insertion or a Missense Point Mutation in the Tyrosinase Gene (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Periodontology 2000 3 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0757
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have identified two different mutations in the tyrosinase genes of Japanese patients with tyrosinase-negative oculocutaneous albinism (OCA). One is a single base insertion in the exon 2 of the tyrosinase gene that shifts the reading frame and introduces a premature termination codon (TGA) after the amino acid residue 298 (codon 316). The other is a G to A transition at residue 312, leading to a single amino acid substitution, arginine at position 59 (codon 77) to glutamine. The promoter activity of the patients’tyrosinase genes was evaluated in the cell-free transcription system prepared from pigmented melanoma cells, indicating that the patients’genes were accurately transcribed in vitro. It is therefore conceivable that the tyrosinase gene is expressed in their melanocytes. Furthermore, transient expression of the mutated genes indicates that the truncated tyrosinase or the tyrosinase containing glutamine 59 is unable to form melanin in melanocytes. We therefore propose that these mutations in the tyrosinase genes lead to a phenotype of tyrosinase-negative OCA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1990.tb00356.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of Mouse Tyrosinase With a Monoclonal Antibody MAT-1 Against Human Tyrosinase (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Periodontology 2000 9 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0757
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In this study we explored the possible application of MAT-1, which has been established as a monoclonal antibody against human tyrosinase, for detection of mouse tyrosinase. The MAT-1 reacted with B16 mouse melanoma cells, but not with tyrosinase-negative NIH-3T3 mouse fibroblasts. In western blot analysis of the large granule fraction (LGF) of B16 cells, MAT-1 detected a single protein of 80 kDa, whose size was close to that of human tyrosinase detected with MAT-1 in extracts of human melanocytes. Furthermore, the 80 kDa band that was detected with MAT-1 in the LGF of B16 cells was also detected by DOPA reaction. In order to confirm that the protein detected with MAT-1 is tyrosinase, a transient expression assay was carried out. When mouse tyrosinase or mouse tyrosinase-related protein 1, which shares high homology with human tyrosinase, was transiently expressed in tyrosinase-negative K1735 mouse melanoma cells by cDNA transfection, MAT-1 reacted only with the cells expressing mouse tyrosinase. These results indicate that MAT-1 specifically reacts with mouse tyrosinase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1996.tb00121.x
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