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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unchanging clinical picture of coeliac disease presentation in Campania, Italy (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 148 (1989), S. 610-613 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Coeliac disease ; Clinical picture ; Epidemiology ; Adolescence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Four hundred and sixty-three new diagnoses of coeliac disease in children were made during 1973 to 1986 in our department. The distribution of new diagnoses per year did not show any decreasing trend in the period 1973 to 1986. No changing trend in breast feeding attitudes was found in the region during the same period. Analysis of the clinical pattern showed a constant distribution of age at diagnosis, onset of first symptoms and nature of symptoms throughout the period studied. These data suggest that coeliac disease is predominantly genetically determined and its expression is modulated by individual and environmental factors. The stability of the observed prevalence of the disease is parallel to the unchanging pattern of breast feeding attitudes in the region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441511
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AIDS cases in adolescents and young adults in Italy: Inferences from descriptive epidemiology (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 150 (1991), S. 473-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: AIDS ; Adolescent ; Young adult ; Epidemiology ; Prevention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To assess the magnitude of the AIDS epidemic in the Italian adolescent (13–19 years) and young adult (20–24 years) age groups, data on AIDS cases notified to the AIDS Operational Centre as of 31 March 1990 were used. Of the 6068 reported AIDS cases, 0.7% occurred among adolescents and 15.7% among young adults. Among adolescents most cases were haemophiliacs (45.4%), while among young adults, drug use was the most frequently reported mode of transmission (87.5%). Females were more likely than males to contract the disease through heterosexual contact in both the adolescent (20.0% vs 0%) and in young adult (15.1% vs 0.7%) age groups. Among young adults a geographical trend was present with a decrease in case rates from north to south, while for adolescents the rates were higher in northern and southern than in central Italy. If the incidence of AIDS is to be reduced in Italy, further efforts should be made to target the adolescent age group, since many of the young adult cases are likely to have resulted from HIV infection during adolescence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01958425
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The inverse association of salmonellosis in infancy with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma at school-age: a longitudinal study (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Respiratory allergies are inversely related to early acquisition of food-borne and fecal-oral infections, consumption of unpasteurized milk, early exposure to stables and high endotoxin concentrations in a farming environment. We tested therefore if infection by Salmonella in early life can protect from development of respiratory allergies later in life.Methods:  During 2003, we studied two groups of Sardinian children (age 6–18 years) who had been hospitalized before 4 years of age (during 1989–2001) with non-typhoid salmonellosis (n = 148) or acute enteritis of nonbacterial etiology (NB-enteritis) (n = 167). Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AR) and asthma were evaluated by telephonic interview with a ISAAC questionnaire; participants reporting AR and/or asthma were further examined through a complete diagnostic work-up to objectively confirm or exclude current disease. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the role of different types of enteritis on the risk of developing allergic rhinoconjunctivitis or asthma over time.Results:  Children who had been hospitalized with salmonellosis had a lower prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (eight of 148, 5.4%vs 23 of 167, 13.8%; P = 0.019) or asthma (five of 148, 3.4%vs 21 of 167, 12.6%; P = 0.006) than those who had been hospitalized with NB-enteritis. The proportional hazard of salmonellosis for asthma was 0.23 (95% CI: 0.08–0.67; P 〈 0.01) and for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis was 0.40 (95% CI: 0.17–0.95; P = 0.04), after adjusting for confounders.Discussion:  The strength of the observed associations suggests that Salmonella may contribute to shape the natural history of respiratory allergies. However, further studies are needed to test in other settings the association observed in Sardinian children. We speculate that clinical or subclinical infection by Salmonella may contribute to the atopy protective influence of a traditional farming environment or of areas endemic for food-borne and fecal-oral infections. Food hygiene and prevention of salmonellosis must remain however a public health priority.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00747.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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