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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Molecular Structure 17 (1973), S. 143-151 
    ISSN: 0022-2860
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Molecular Structure 15 (1973), S. 257-262 
    ISSN: 0022-2860
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods In Physics Research 217 (1983), S. 425-427 
    ISSN: 0167-5087
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract It is known that the reduction forms of aromatic carbonyl compounds (ACC) initiate anionic polymerization of vinyl monomers. The ability of the reduction forms to transfer an electron to the interacting molecules is defined also by the electron affinity of the partners. To obtain data about the electron affinity the half-wave potentials of polarographic reduction were measured and compared with the values of the lowest antibonding molecular orbital, according to theHückel's method. A linear correlation between the potentials of polarographic reduction and the energy of the lowest antibonding molecular orbit was found. The results prove the correctness of the previously determined electroaffinity defined by electron transfers between the reduction forms and neutral molecules. From the data of quantum chemical calculation and the polarographic reduction ofACC the changes of the free energy, enthalpy and the equilibrum constant for electron transfer reaction were calculated. The initiation ability of the reduction forms ofACC and the elctron affinity discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bekanntlich lösen die Reduktionsformen aromatischer Carbonylverbindungen (ACV) eine anionische Polymerisation von Vinylmonomeren aus. Das Vermögen der Reduktionsformen vonACV, den mit ihnen in Wechselwirkung tretenden Molekülen ein Elektron zu übertragen, wird von der Elektronenaffinität beider Partner bestimmt. Um Angaben bezüglich der Elektronenaffinität zu ermitteln, wurden die Potentiale der polarographischen Reduktion gemessen und mit den nach derHückel-Methode berechneten Energiewerten des niedrigsten antibindenden Molekülorbitals korreliert. Für eine Reihe strukturell verwandter Verbindungen wurde eine lineare Abhängigkeit zwischen den Halbstufenpotentialen der polarographischen Reduktion und des niedrigsten antibindenden Molekülorbitals gefunden. Die so erhaltene Reihe stimmt mit einer bereits früher aufgestellten überein. Auf Grund quantenmechanischer Berechnungen und der gemessenen polarographischen Halbstufenpotentiale derACV wurden die Änderungen der Freien Enthalpie, die Enthalpie-Änderung und die Gleichgewichtskonstante des Überganges eines Elektrons von der Reduktionsform zum Monomeren ermittelt. Ferner wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen Initiierungsvermögen der Reduktionsformen vonACV und der Elektronenaffinität diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: 236 (1985), S. 289-293 
    ISSN: 0168-9002
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1090-6487
    Keywords: 74.50.+r ; 74.76.Bz
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The characteristic features of the conductance of a tunneling contact, formed by a microscope tip and an Au/YBCO sandwich, are investigated with the aid of a scanning tunneling microscope. It is shown that there exist three types of dependences of the conductance of the structure on the applied voltage, which are distinguished by the position of the characteristic features on the voltage axis. It is established that this difference is due to the local characteristics of the proximity effect in gold films on a high-T c superconductor surface. It is concluded that the transmittance of the YBCO/Au boundary is spatially strongly nonuniform.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of experimental and theoretical physics 85 (1997), S. 234-240 
    ISSN: 1090-6509
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper is a theoretical analysis of the noise produced by a single-mode semiconductor laser. We allow for spectral hole-burning in the gain line and for the nonlinear dependence of the carrier spontaneous recombination rate on the number of carriers in the active area. We show that these processes do not inhibit the squeezing of the outgoing photon flux noise below the shot noise level at high pump currents but that the degree of squeezing decreases considerably. Finally, we establish that these processes also considerably narrow the squeezing bandwidth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1090-6487
    Keywords: 85.30.Wx ; 68.18.+p
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A single-electron molecular transistor is implemented at room temperature on the basis of a stable Langmuir monomolecular film consisting of a mixture of stearic acid and carborane clusters. Control of the tunneling current with the aid of an independent voltage source is recorded at room temperature. The results are compared with the “orthodox” theory of single-charge electronics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Diffusionskoeffizienten an einer flüssigflüssig Grenzfläche durch Stoffabsorption im abgeschwächten Totalreflexions-Spektrum (ATR) vorgeschlagen. Die Versuche wurden mit einer Küvette durchgeführt, wo eine der flüssigen Phasen auf eine Schichtdicke von 10–15 μm reduziert wurde und in eine Teflon-Membrane eindrang, welche auf ein optisches Prisma aufgebracht wurde und so die flüssige Phase festhielt. Auf Grund der auftretenden Dicke kann man den Diffusionsvorgang in beiden Phasen eindimensional betrachten. Das angewandte mathematische Modell unterscheidet sich von dem von A. Vignes [19] dadurch, daß sich das gekoppelte Diffusionssystem auf endliche Bereiche bezieht. Die experimentellen Daten wurden über ein Rechenprogramm in orthogonale Näherungsterme überführt. Bei der mathematischen Behandlung werden gleichzeitig der Diffusionskoeffizient an der Grenzfläche und das Konzentrationsverhältnis der beiden flüssigen Phasen betrachtet. Im Vergleich zu den bekannten physikalischen Methoden zeichnet sich das von uns vorgeschlagene Verfahren durch geringen experimentellen Aufwand aus und führt zu quantitativen Ergebnissen.
    Notes: Abstract A method has been suggested for determining mass transfer coefficients at the liquid-liquid interface through the substance absorption in the attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectrum. The aim was achieved with a cuvette where one of the liquid phases was reduced to a 10–15 μm thick layer incorporated in a teflon membrane stuck to the optical prism and so immobilizing the liquid. The thickness indicated allows to consider the diffusion processes in both phases as one-dimensional. The mathematical model applied differs from that of A. Vignes [19] by the fact that the coupled diffusion system refers to domains with final sizes. The experimental data processing was done by computer on the basis of orthogonal expansion terms. The mathematical treatment includes the observation of the mass transfer coefficient at the interface simultaneously with that of the partition coefficient between both liquid phases. Compared with the existing direct physical methods the one suggested by us resorts to simple experimental tools and leads to quantitative results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine (experimentelle) Methode zur Bestimmung der Geschwindigkeitskonstante (k) einer Reaktion zwischen zwei flüssigen Substanzen, wobei die eine in die andere eindringt, vorgeschlagen. Das Vorgehen stützt sich auf die experimentelle Ausmessung des Diffusionskoeffizienten der ersten Substanz. Als Modellreaktion wird ein Isotopenaustausch herangezogen, das Ersetzen aktiver Wasserstoffatome in dem Keton Oktanon-2 durch Deuterium aus der starken Base Trioctylmethylammoniumdeuteroxid (TOMA-OD). Der Diffusionskoeffizient des eindringenden und reagierenden TOMA-OD und die betreffendek werden nach einer früher entwickelten Methode [1] aufgrund eines geeigneten mathematischen Modells ermittelt [2]. Die Anwendung der vorgeschlagenen einfachen und nicht zeitaufwendigen Methode führt zum Wertk=1,04 × 10−2 sec−1 in dem behandelten Fall, der in dieser Untersuchung als eine monomolekulare Reaktion angenommen wird. Diese Annäherung ist durch den Befund begründet, daß nur das Anfangsstadium der Wechselwirkung in Betracht gezogen wird, in deren Verlauf die Reagenspartikel in einen Überschuß von Substratpartikeln eindringen. Dies gestattet ferner die Anwendung einer analytischen Lösung des auftretenden Diffusionsproblems.
    Notes: Abstract An approach is offered for determining the reaction rate constant (k) between two liquid substances, the one penetrating into the other. The procedure is based on the experimental measurement of the diffusion coefficient (D). As model reaction the isotopic exchange process in the ketone octanone-2 molecule is chosen, whose active hydrogen atoms undergo deuteration by the strong base trioctyl-methyl-ammonium deuteroxide (TOMAOD). The diffusion coefficient of the penetrating TOMA-OD, when this reaction takes place, and the rate constant of the latter are determined by an attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopic method [1] on the grounds of appropriate mathematical modeling [2]. The application of this simple and comparatively rapid approach results in thek-value of 1.04 × 10−2 sec−1 for the monomolecular interaction mentioned above. The reasons for such an assumption arise from the only initial process stage treatment, where the reactant (TOMA-OD) particles enter the substrate (the ketone) surrounded by an excess of its own molecules. This further allows an analytical solution of the resulting diffusion problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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