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  • 1
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: splenic artery aneurysm ; systemic lupus erythematosus ; ligation of the splenic artery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We herein report on a 64-year-old Japanese female patient who presented with a splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The saccular aneurysm, which measured 3 cm in diameter, was located in the proximal third of the splenic artery from the pancreas with a portosystemic shunt. A double ligation of the splenic artery (the distal and proximal sides of the aneurysm) was performed without a splenectomy. The postoperative course showed acute pancreatitis without either splenic infarction or portal thrombus. To our knowledge, the closed association of SLE with an aneurysmal dilatation of the splenic artery has not been previously reported. Both the pathogenesis and the management of SAA associated with SLE are discussed following the presentation of this case. This is the first reported case of SAA associated with SLE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'indication de la duodénopancréatectectomie avec conservation du pylore (DPCP) est controversée du point de vue carcinologique. Cette étude avait pour but d'analyser le mode de propagation des tumeurs ampullaires et de vérifier que les tissus laissés en place par la DPCP ne contenaient pas d'extension cancéreuse. Nous avons examiné 40 pièces consécutives de duodénopancréatectomie pour cancer de la muqueuse (n=4), pour cancer envahissant (mais non pénétrant) le sphincter d'Oddi (n=1), pour cancer envahissant la couche sous muqueuse du duodénum (n=12), pour cancer envahissant le muscle propre du duodénum (n=5), pour cancer envahissant la couche sousséreuse du duodénum (n=7) et pour cancer envahissant le parenchyme pancréatique (n=11). Cinq cas de cancer de la muqueuse ou de cancer envahissant (mais non pénétrant) le sphincter, étendu localement sans métastases lymphatiques, ont une survie à 5 ans de 80% sans récidive, survie meilleure (p〈0.05) que celle observée lorsque le cancer est plus avancé (40%). Soixante-trois pour-cent des 35 tumeurs restantes avaient des métastases lymphatiques régionales. La survie à 5 ans des 28 pour-cent des patients ayant un cancer pénétrant le muscle propre était pirc (p〈0.05) que la survie des 59 pour-cent des patients ayant une tumeur moins avancée. Il n'y avait aucun envahissement des tissus qui auraient été conservés dans une DPCP. Dans trois cas (7.5%), il existait un cancer gastrique concomitant. En conclusion, le cancer ampullaire qui ne pénètre pas le sphincter se propage localement. Les cancers pénétrant le muscle propre du duodénum sont associé à un plus mauvais pronostic. La DPCP est une alternative attractive à la duodénopancréatectomie pour le cancer ampullaire car les tissus laissés en place ne sont pas envahis par ces cancers. Il faut être averti, cependant, de la possibilité de cancer gastrique associé.
    Abstract: Resumen Existe controversia sobre la aplicación de la pancreatoduodenectomía con preservación del píloro (PPPD) en el manejo de los neoplasmas malignos. El presente estudio estuvo orientado a establecer el patrón de extensión del cáncer ampular y a comprobar si la extensión tumoral en las etapas resecables no afecta los tejidos que se preservan en una PPPD. Revisamos 40 especímenes de pancreatoduodenectomías de Whipple consecutivas: cáncer mucoso, 4 casos; cáncer que invadía (pero no penetraba) el esfinter de Oddi, 1; cáncer que invadía la submucosa del duodeno, 12; cáncer que invadía la capa muscular del duodeno, 5; cáncer que invadía la capa subserosa del duodeno, 7; y cáncer que invadía el parenquima pancreático, 11. Cinco casos de cáncer mucoso o de cáncer que invadía (pero no penetraba) el esfinter hicieron extensión local sin invasión ganglionar y exhibieron una tasa de sobrevida a cinco años de 80% sin recurrencia, siendo mejor (p〈0.05) que la tasa de 40% de sobrevida en los casos más avanzados. Sesenta y tres por ciento de los otros 35 casos presentaban metástasis a los ganglios regionales. La tasa de sobrevida a cinco años de 28% en aquellos tumores que penetraban la capa muscular fue peor (p〈0.05) que la tasa de 59% en los tumores menos avanzados. Ninguno de los casos presentaba invasión de las estructuras anatómicas que habrían sido preservadas en una PPPD. En 3 casos (7.5%) coexistía cáncer gástrico. En conclusión, el cáncer ampular que no penetra el esfínter se extiende localmente. Una vez que ha penetrado el esfínter, generalmente se extiende en forma regional y causa recurrencias. El cáncer que penetra la capa muscular del duodeno conlleva un peor pronóstico. La PPPD es una atractiva alternativa a la operación de Whipple para el cáncer ampular, puesto que no se halló invasión de los tejidos que se preservan en la PPPD. Sin embargo, los cirujanos deben estar conscientes de la posibilidad de un cáncer gástrico concomitante cuando realicen PPPD.
    Notes: Abstract Controversies exist regarding the application of the pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy (PPPD) to malignancies. This study was intended to disclose the pattern of spread of ampullary cancer and to substantiate that tumor spread at resectable stages does not involve the tissues preserved by PPPD. We examined 40 consecutive Whipple pancreatoduodenectomy specimens: mucosal cancer, 4 cases; cancer invading (but not penetrating) the sphincter of Oddi, 1; cancer invading the submucosa of the duodenum, 12; cancer invading the proper muscle of the duodenum, 5; cancer invading the subserosal layer of the duodenum, 7; and cancer invading pancreatic parenchyma, 11. Five cases of mucosal cancer or cancer invading (but not penetrating) the sphincter spread locally without nodal involvement and showed a 5-year survival of 80% without recurrence, being better (p〈0.05) than the 40% survival for patients with more advanced cancers. Sixty-three percent of the remaining 35 cases had metastasis to regional lymph nodes. The 5-year survival of 28% among those with cancer penetrating the proper muscle was worse (p〈0.05) than the 59% survival for those with less advanced cancers. No cases had involved the anatomic structures that would have been preserved by a PPPD. In three cases (7.5%), gastric cancer coexisted. In conclusion, ampullary cancer not penetrating the sphincter spreads locally. Once penetrating the sphincter, it often spreads regionally and causes recurrence. Cancer penetrating the proper muscle of the duodenum bears a worse prognosis. PPPD is an attractive alternative to the Whipple operation for ampullary cancer because no involvement was found in the tissue preserved by the PPPD. However, surgeons should be aware of a concomitant gastric cancer when doing a PPPD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Key Words: esophagectomy, pyloric-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy, stomach tube
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: blunt pancreatic trauma ; main pancreatic duct injury ; traumatic pancreatic pseudocyst ; total parenteral nutrition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although surgery is the usual treatment of choice for pancreatic trauma with disruption of the main pancreatic duct, we report herein the case of a patient in whom blunt pancreatic trauma with disruption of the proximal main pancreatic duct was successfully managed by conservative treatment. An 18-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain 22 days after being involved in a car accident in which her upper abdomen was thrust against the steering wheel. Computed tomography revealed a pancreatic pseudocyst and a prevertebral pancreatic fracture, and endoscopic retrograde pancreatography showed complete disruption of the main pancreatic duct at the neck. Considering that the patient had been clinically stable since the accident, we elected to continue with conservative management and placed her on total parenteral nutrition. Rapid recovery followed and 6 years later, the patient remains well without any exocrine or endocrine insufficiency despite atrophy of the distal pancreas. This experience indicates that selected cases of main pancreatic duct disruption following blunt trauma may be amenable to conservative management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Key Words Artificial esophagus ; Collagen sponge ; Artificial dermis ; Split-thickness skin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The time and effort spent trying to devise an artificial esophagus have not yet resulted in success, and leakage and strictures at the anastomotic sites remain the most frequent complications. We developed an artificial esophagus with a bilayered structure made of porous collagen sponge (artificial dermis; AD), a latissimus dorsi muscle flap (LD), and split-thickness skin (STS). We investigated whether the use of AD prevented the contraction of grafted skin and its effects on the extensibility of the neoesophagus in rabbits. We experimented with two groups. In the AD group, AD was applied to the surface of the LD. Three weeks later, the STS was grafted. In the control group, the STS was grafted directly onto the LD. The sizes of the STS in both groups 3 weeks after the graft were, respectively, 56.6% ± 4.1% and 39.0% ± 10.2% of the initial surface area of the STS (P 〈 0.01). The roll made in the AD group had better extensibility than that in the control group. We replaced the cervical esophagus in 12 rabbits with the neoesophagus made from AD, STS, and LD. The longest survival period was 16 days. Esophagography did not reveal either anastomotic leakage or stenosis in any of the five rabbits in the experiments. These findings suggested that AD can thus be used to create a more suitable hybrid artificial esophagus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: prostaglandins ; liver ; portal vein ; circulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Changes in portal venous blood flow (PVF) and systemic arterial blood pressure (SAP) were examined following prostaglandin E1 (PGE) application to the greater omentum and femoral vein in 66%-hepatectomized rats. PVF increased when PGE was administered to the omentum and femoral vein at 7.5 μg/kg per min for 2 min. The magnitude of PVF response due to both administrations was dose-dependent, but the duration of the PVF response in the omental application was longer than that in the femoral administration. SAP was unchanged after omental application, while femoral administration reduced SAP concomitant with an increase in PVF. These results suggest that, in this hepatectomized model, the omentum is a better site for PGE administration than the vein, and that omental PGE delivery is also effective for enhancing PVF without inducing any changes in SAP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: liver regeneration ; partial hepatectomy ; portal pressure ; shear stress ; rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The concept of injury in liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PHx), and the reason hepatocytes that have not been directly injured regenerate, remain unclear. It is known that shear stress resulting from blood flow plays an important role in the mechanism of remodeling blood vessels, and portal pressure reflects shear stress. This study was conducted to determine whether acute portal hypertension (APH) can become a trigger of liver regeneration as shear stress following PHx in a rat model. Portal pressures became elevated immediately after 70% and 90% PHx, peaking on postoperative day (POD) 3, and thereafter decreasing in proportion to the diminution of liver regeneration. The portal pressures after 90% PHx were significantly higher than those after 70% PHx even on POD 7, while those of the portocaval (PC) shunt groups decreased following PC shunting both with and without 70% PHx. The liver/body weight (LW/BW) ratio also decreased in the PC shunt both with and even without 70% PHx. The gradient expressions of class I antigen on sinusoidal endothelial cells (SEC) were found only in the periportal area, which has the highest portal pressure in the healthy rat liver. However, after hepatectomy these expressions were detected from the periportal area to the central venous area. These results suggest that APH as shear stress following PHx may not only become a trigger of hepatocyte regeneration, but also of SEC regeneration, and that surplus APH induces liver dysfunction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1435-5922
    Keywords: liver abscess ; multiloculation ; hepatectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the case of a 61-year-old woman with cryptogenic liver abscesses who had been profoundly ill with severe upper abdominal pain, impaired consciousness, prostration, continuous high fever secondary to sepsis, and thrombocytopenia (platelets, 1–5 × 104/mm3) since admission. Ultrasonograms and computed tomograms revealed two separate multiloculated lesions in the right lobe of the liver, consistent with the liver abscesses. Immediately after diagnosis, percutaneous abscess drainage was performed under ultrasonographic guidance; however, only a small amount of pus was drained, prompting continuous irrigation of the abscess cavity. Four days later, transcatheter hepatic arterial infusion of antibiotics was attempted. However, the abscesses had enlarged and her general condition had worsened. On hospital day 8, she underwent right hepatectomy because the multiloculated lesions were refractory to drainage. The operation was successful in terms of hepatectomy, although she continued to suffer from sepsis, secondary right subphrenic abscess formation, and prolonged thrombocytopenia with associated coagulation disorders for two months. Examination of multiple cross sections of the resected specimen disclosed that the lesions consisted of aggregations of multiple small locules. There was no communication between the locules and there were true septations, rather than multiloculated lesions with pseudoseptations. The patient has been well for 2 years without recurrent abscess of the liver or any infectious disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery 6 (1999), S. 399-404 
    ISSN: 1436-0691
    Keywords: Key words: lymph node metastasis, biliary tract cancer, long-term survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: In extrahepatic biliary tract malignancies, the prognostic value of lymph node involvement remains unclear. For a total of 161 tumors of the gallbladder (GBC) and bile duct (BDC) resected between 1982 and 1992, the number and extent of metastatic nodes were investigated according to the location of the primary tumor. In GBCs and upper two-third BDCs, more than half of node-positive tumors involved multiple nodes (58% and 63%), and node-positive tumors were associated with a significantly poorer rate of patient survival compared with node-negative tumors. However, GBCs with one or two nodes involved resulted in a longer survival time than those with three or greater (P = 0.0045). In lower one-third BDCs, even patients with node-positive tumors showed a 60% 5-year survival rate. There were 15 long-term survivors (i.e., survived for more than 5 years after surgery) with node-positive tumors in the GBC group, 4 in the upper BDC group, and 6 in the lower BDC group. Thirteen GBCs had one or two involved nodes, and 12 of the 13 GBCs positive nodes were located within the hepatoduodenal ligament. In upper and lower BDCs, pericholedocal nodes and nodes around the pancreatic head respectively, were most frequently involved. We concluded that lymphatic spread is an important prognostic determinant in both GBCs and upper BDCs. The prognosis of GBCs is especially influenced by the number of nodes involved. In lower BDCs, lymphatic metastasis does not necessarily preclude long-term survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1436-0691
    Keywords: gallbladder carcinoma ; alpha-fetoprotein ; adenomyomatosis ; long-term survivor ; surgical resection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The successful treatment of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (1243 ng/ml) and segmental adenomyomatosis in a 58-year-old woman is described. The woman had alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing carcinoma of the gallbladder with regional lymph node metastasis and was treated by extended radical resection and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. She is alive, showing normal serum AFP concentration and no recurrence, 57 months after surgery. The tumor cells were stained immunohistochemically for AFP by the peroxidase anti-peroxidase method. Serum AFP reactivity to concanavalin A and lentil lectin was similar to the pattern shown in hepatocellular carcinoma. Only a few cases of AFP-producing gallbladder carcinoma have been reported and there have been no reports of long-term survivors. The combination of aggressive radical resection and chemotherapy seems to have been effective for achieving long-term survival without liver metastasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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