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  • 1
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Supraspinatus muscle ; Anatomy ; MR imaging ; Fusiform muscle ; Straplike muscle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les coupes axiales d'épaule obtenues en IRM montrent une bande linéaire centrale à l'intérieur du m. supra-épineux, vide, qui ne semble pas représenter uniquement le tendon de ce muscle. En raison de l'importance du m. supraépineux dans les syndrômes douloureux de l'épaule, nous avons étudié l'architecture fibreuse de ce muscle, en comparant 30 imageries par résonnance magnétique nucléaire et 49 dissections cadavériques. Nous avons trouvé que le m. supra-épineux était composé de deux parties distinctes. La longueur moyenne de la partie ventrale est de 88 mm et celle de la partie dorsale de 106 mm. L'angle du tendon central qui est formé par les fibres des deux parties musculaires, fait 50° avec le plan frontal. Les deux parties musculaires agissent probablement différemment dans les mouvements du bras. Ces constatations semblent être importantes pour la physiopathologie des ruptures de la coiffe des rotateurs, qui sont principalement situées en avant, dans la partie ventrale du muscle et dans le tendon central excentrique.
    Notes: Summary Axial MR images of the shoulder joint reveal a central linear band within the supraspinatus muscle void of signal which seems not to represent the only tendon of this muscle. Due to the importance of the supraspinatus muscle for the painful impingement syndrome of the shoulder we studied the fibrous architecture of this muscle comparing 30 MR images and 49 cadaver dissections. We found the supraspinatus muscle to be composed of two distinct portions. The mean length of the ventral portion is 88 mm and of the dorsal portion 106 mm. The angle of the central tendon which is formed by fibers of both muscle portions relative to the frontal plane is 50°. Both muscle portions probably act differently in moving the arm. This finding seems to be important for the pathophysiology of rotator cuff tears which are mainly located anteriorly within the ventral muscle portion and the eccentric central tendon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Kidney ; Neoplasms ; MRI ; CT ; Kidney ; Renal lesions ; ROC curve
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this work was to compare MR imaging and CT in the detection of renal masses and in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lesions. In 33 patients with 54 renal lesions CT and MR images were evaluated by four readers with regard to tumor detection and characterization using a receiver-operating-characteristics (ROC) analysis. The MRI protocol consisted of a T1-weighted spin-echo (SE) sequence (TR/TE: 300/10 ms) before and after contrast administration and a heavily T2-weighted turbo-SE (TSE) sequence (TR/TE: 5500/150 ms). Az values for the area under the ROC curves for lesion detection were 0.92 ± 0.04 for CT and 0.91 ± 0.05 for MRI, respectively, which was not statistically different. The MRI technique was slightly, but not significantly, better than CT in the overall characterization (accuracy in differentiation between benign and malignant) of renal lesions with an Az value of 0.90 ± 0.05 compared with 0.88 ± 0.06 for CT. The MRI technique proved to be statistically superior to CT (p 〈 0.01) in the correct characterization of benign renal lesions. MRI equals CT in the overall detection and differential diagnosis of renal masses. MRI is very helpful for further differential diagnosis of lesions which are equivocal on CT especially in the differentiation between complicated cysts and cystic or hypovascular renal cell carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 2 (1992), S. 503-507 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Three-dimensional reconstruction: applications, preprocessing, segmentation, shading, rendering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Three-dimensional reconstruction of cross-sectional imaging data is gaining increasing acceptance by clinicians. Some applications have been introduced in routine imaging. These applications are summarised and discussed. In order to yield a three-dimensional rendered image several steps such as preprocessing, segmentation, interpolation and rendering are necessary, and various modifications of each step are possible. The technical possibilities in each step are summarised and described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Indirect MR arthrography ; MR arthrography ; Joints ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Indirect MR arthrography is a relatively new MR technique improving articular and periarticular contrast. It is achieved by injection of paramagnetic MR contrast media intravenously instead of intra-articular injection as in direct MR arthrography. After the injection exercising the joint results in considerable signal intensity increase within the joint cavity. Fat saturated MR sequences then yield arthrographic images. The method is less invasive than direct MR arthrography and first results showed comparable sensitivities and specificities for rotator cuff and glenoid labrum pathology. In this article the technique, established and potential future indications, drawbacks and limitations of the method are reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 2 (1992), S. 508-510 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: MRI ; Knee joint ; Three-dimensional reconstruction: preprocessing, segmentation, shading, surface rendering, volume rendering, hybrid rendering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We tried to improve the basic three-dimensional reconstruction technique by comparing preprocessing, segmentation, shading and rendering techniques in 15 examples of MR investigations of the knee joint. We conclude that signal-normalising, combined threshold and tracking segmentation, grey-level-gradient shading, and combined surface and volume rendering (i. e. hybrid rendering) are the methods of choice for the three-dimensional reconstruction process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 325-325 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 73 (1988), S. 129-134 
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Gabapentin ; gaba-analogue ; sleep pattern ; human whole blood serotonin level ; nocturnal serum melatonin profile
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It has been previously demonstrated that gabapentin, a gamma-amino butyric acid analogue, inhibits monoaminergic neurotransmitter release from rabbit caudate nucleus slices and from rat cortex. In humans this drug has been shown to have anti-epileptogenic activity. Serotonin may act as an inhibitory neurotransmitter and its interaction with blood platelets is thought to reflect its central actions. We investigated sleep stages, whole blood serotonin levels, and serum melatonin in healthy men after the administration of gabapentin. With increasing serum gabapentin levels six healthy subjects showed an increase in sleep stages 3 and 4 and in whole blood serotonin (P〈0.05). Serum melatonin levels were not influenced. On account of these results we speculate that gabapentin modulates the release of serotonin from blood platelets. The increase in peripheral serotonin points paradigmatically to an increase in the bioavailability of serotonin which may account for the increase in sleep stages 3 and 4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 10 (2000), S. 197-197 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 10 (2000), S. 1945-1946 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Mediastinal lymph nodes – CT density – Aluminosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A case with increased computed tomographic densities of mediastinal lymph nodes with histologically proven aluminum storage is presented. We suggest consideration of aluminosis as differential diagnosis in patients with increased native CT densities beyond 50 HU.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 10 (2000), S. 242-249 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Shoulder – MRI – Review
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Shoulder imaging is one of the major applications in musculoskeletal MRI. In order to analyze the images it is important to keep informed about anatomical and pathological findings and publications. In this article MRI technique, anatomy and pathology is reviewed. Technical considerations about MR sequences and examination strategy are only shortly discussed with emphasis on turbo spin echo and short T1 inversion recovery imaging. Basic anatomy as well as recent findings, including macroscopic aspects of the supraspinatus fat pad, composition of the supraspinatus muscle belly, and variability of the glenohumeral ligaments or coracoid ligament, are presented. Basic pathological conditions are described in detail, e. g. instability particularly problems in differentiating the various subtypes of labral pathology. Rotator cuff diseases are elucidated with emphasis on some rarer entities such as subscapularis calcifying tendinitis, coracoid impingement, chronic bursitis producing the double-line sign, prominent coraco-acromial ligament and the impingement due to an inflamed os acromiale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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