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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproduction of Orius laevigatus and Orius albidipennis on pollen and Ephestia kuehniella eggs (1997)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 82 (1997), S. 101-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Anthocoridae ; Orius laevigatus ; Orius albidipennis ; reproduction ; Ephestia kuehniella ; pollen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Reproduction and longevity of the anthocorid predators Orius laevigatus (Fieber) and Orius albidipennis (Reuter) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) were studied under controlled conditions in the laboratory. Three different diets were tested: eggs of the Mediterranean flour moth. Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, E. kuehniella eggs plus pollen, and pollen only. Small rooted plants of Spanish pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. ‘Creta’, long red) served as oviposition substrate and moisture source. In all treatments, total fecundity, oviposition period and female longevity of O. laevigatus were greater than that of O. albidipennis. When a diet of E. kuehniella eggs was supplemented with pollen, total fecundity of O. albidipennis was increased by about 40%. Female O. albidipennis fed only pollen laid five times less eggs than those fed flour moth eggs and pollen; also, longevity of females was shorter when only pollen was offered as food. Fecundity and longevity of O. laevigatus were not influenced when supplementing a diet of E. kuehniella eggs with pollen. Females of O. laevigatus receiving only pollen reduced egg production by about 60% but had a similar longevity as those receiving a diet including flour moth eggs. In either species, preoviposition period and egg hatch were not affected by diet. The ability of both anthocorids to use pollen as an alternative or additional food is discussed in relation to their practical use in integrated control programmes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002931622011
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Life tables and predation activity of Orius laevigatus and O. albidipennis at three constant temperatures (1997)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 85 (1997), S. 189-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Orius laevigatus ; Orius albidipennis ; Anthocoridae ; Frankliniella occidentalis ; Thripidae ; life table ; predation ; biological control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Effects of three constant temperatures (15, 25, and 35 -C) on development and reproduction of Orius laevigatus (Fieber) and O. albidipennis (Reuter) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) and on their predation activity against the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) were investigated in the laboratory. Small rooted plants of Spanish pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. ‘Creta’, long red) served as oviposition substrate and moisture source. Survival of eggs and nymphs of both species was high at 25 and 35 °C. At 15 °C, none of the eggs of O. albidipennis hatched and the number of nymphs completing the immature stage was extremely low. Developmental time of nymphs was not significantly different between species at 15 °C, but at 25 and 35 °C nymphs of O. laevigatus took significantly longer to develop than those of O. albidipennis. Females of O. albidipennis lived longer than those of O. laevigatus at 15 and 35 °C, but no differences were observed at 25 °C. Fecundity of O. albidipennis was greatly reduced at 15 °C, whereas a temperature of 35 °C was close to the upper reproduction threshold of O. laevigatus. Fecundity was highest at 25 °C for both species. At 15 °C, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) reached a minimum for both species. For O. albidipennis, the rm-value increased with temperature (0.121 at 25 °C and 0.202 at 35 °C), whereas for O. laevigatus it peaked at 25 °C (0.105) but decreased at 35 °C (0.051). At 15 and 25 °C, adults of O. laevigatus consumed more F. occidentalis adults during their total lifespan than those of O. albidipennis, but the latter showed a better predation activity at 35 °C; in all treatments, however, adults of O. laevigatus consumed more prey per day than did those of O. albidipennis. The performance of both anthocorids at the different temperatures is discussed in relation to their practical use in integrated pest control programmes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003127310860
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of synthetic cecropia juvenile hormone and of a mimic substance, applied to different stages of the cabbage maggot, Hylemyia brassicae (1973)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 16 (1973), S. 491-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'hormone juvénile synthétique (I) (3, 11-diméthyl 7-éthyl 10-époxy 2,6-tridécadiénoate de méthyle, isomère E, E, Z) et le mimétique de l'hormone juvénile (II) (1-(4′-éthylphénoxy)-6,7-époxy-3,7-diméthyl-2-octene) possèdent une action ovicide sur les œufs fraîchement pondus de la mouche du chou (H. brassicae (Bouché)). Le dernier produit semble avoir une action ovicide plus prononcée. Les deux produits semblent également avoir un effet répulsif vu que le nombre moyen d'œufs pondus par femelle diminue quand la concentration augmente. Une application topique sur les larves du dernier stade et sur les pupes, inhibe l'émergence des imagines qui n'accusent pourtant aucune malformation. Cinq μg (II) par larve empêchent l'éclosion de 90% des imagines; dix μg (II) par pupe inhibent totalement l'émergence. Le mélange du produit (II) à l'alimentation ou une application directe sur la mouche adulte n'influence ni la fécondité ni la fertilité.
    Notes: Abstract Both synthetic cecropia juvenile hormone (I) and the juvenile hormone mimic substance 1-(4′-ethylphenoxy)-6,7-epoxy-3,7-dimethyl-2-octene (II), possess ovicidal activity against freshly laid eggs of the cabbage maggot, Hylemyia brassicae. Topical application of both products to last-instar larvae and young pupae prevents the adults escaping from the puparium. Mixing the hormone substances with the liquid food of the adults, or topical application to adults, even in very high concentrations, does not influence fecundity or fertility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00295224
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field tests of (E,Z)-3,13-octadecadien-1-ol acetate: a sex attractant synergist for male currant borer, Synanthedon tipuliformis (1991)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 60 (1991), S. 283-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadien-1-ol acetate ; (E,Z)-3,13-octadecadien-1-ol acetate ; Synanthedon tipuliformis ; Sesiidae ; Lepidoptera ; field trapping ; sex attractant ; geographical differences ; Belgium ; Bulgaria ; Denmark ; GDR ; Hungary ; Italy ; Lithuania ; Norway ; Soviet Union ; Switzerland ; United Kingdom
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00354221
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time saving improvements in theGalleria bioassay for juvenile hormone (1972)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 28 (1972), S. 366-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Résumé Une méthode rapide pour l'extraction des pupes deGalleria mellonella hors de leur coconst est décrite. Le schema d'un appareil très simple pour le test biologique d'hormones est donné; il évite les brulures de la cuticule pupale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01928745
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex pheromone components of the cabbage armyworm, Mamestra brassicae: Isolation, identification and field experiments (1986)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 41 (1986), S. 153-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: cabbage armyworm ; Mamestra brassicae ; sex pheromones ; isolation ; identification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Il a été procédé à l'identification des phéromones par chromatographie en phase gazeuse et par spectrographie de masse. Outre l'acétoxy-1 hexadécène-11Z, on identifié l'acétoxy-heptadécène-11Z et l'acétoxy-1-hexadécane dans les glandes des femelles vierges de M. brassicae. L'antennographie a montré des réactions positives à l'acétoxy-hepta-décène-11Z et à l'acétoxy-1-hexadécane, tandis que seul l'acétoxyhepta-décène-11Z provoque un comportement sexuel des mâles.
    Notes: Abstract Glass capillary gaschromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer has shown that in addition to Z-11-hexadecenyl acetate, hexadecyl acetate and Z-11-heptadecenyl acetate are present in pheromone glands of calling virgin females of Mamestra brassicae L. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Hadeninae). Electroantennography revealed positive responses for Z 11–17: Ac and 16: Ac, while behavioural tests were only positive for Z 11–17: Ac.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195571
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Greenhouse whitefly control through the combined use of the colour attraction system with the parasite waspEncarsia formosa [Hym.: Aphelinidae] (1984)
    Springer
    BioControl 29 (1984), S. 303-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'emploi combiné d'un piège coloré (assiettes jaunes engluées) et du parasiteEncarsia formosa (Gahan) a réduit à un niveau extrêmement bas la population de la mouche blanche,Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) dans une culture de tomates printanières. Les mouches blanches furent fortement attirées par les assiettes jaunes (diamètre 20 cm) suspendues à raison d'une assiette pour 6,2 m2 de serre. Le parasiteE. formosa n'a pas été attiré, tant qu'un nombre suffisant d'hôtes était présent. Quand ceux-ci sont devenus rares, des adultes d'E. formosa ont été observés sur les assiettes. Le taux de parasitisme a augmenté continuellement pour atteindre 90% environ à la fin de l'essai, ce qui démontre la compatibilité du piège coloré et de la lutte biologique.
    Notes: Abstract The combined use of colour attraction (yellow sticky plates) andEncarsia formosa (Gahan) parasites reduced the greenhouse whiteflyTrialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) population in a spring tomato crop to an extremely low level. Whiteflies were strongly attracted to yellow sticky plates while the parasite,E. formosa, was not attracted so long as suitable and sufficient hosts were present. As the numbers of whiteflies declined, parasites were increasingly trapped by the plates. The percent parasitization increased continuously during the experiment, reaching about 90%, indicating the complete compatibility of colour attraction and biological control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02372118
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative laboratory experiment withOrius insidiosus andOrius albidipennis (Het.: anthocoridae), two candidates for biological control in glasshouses (1995)
    Springer
    BioControl 40 (1995), S. 341-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: longevity ; fecundity ; oviposition patterns
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The predatory bugsOrius insidiosus andOrius albidipennis are potential candidates for biocontrol of the thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis. Laboratory experiments showed thatO. albidipennis lays significantly more eggs thanO. insidiosus while its life cycle is shorter. As more eggs are laid byO. albidipennis in the beginning of the oviposition cycle, this anthocorid may be considered as the better biocontrol agent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02373721
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    First observations in glasshouse sweet peppers in Belgium and laboratory rearing of the parasitic waspEulophus pennicornis (Hym.: Eulophidae) (1993)
    Springer
    BioControl 38 (1993), S. 61-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Mamestra brassicae ; Chrysodeixis chalcites ; parasitoid ; sweet pepper ; biological control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Eulophus pennicornis, a hymenopteran parasitoid of several Lepidoptera, was found onMamestra brassicae in a commercial sweet pepper crop in 1990 in Belgium. The rearing of the parasitoid and some additional data on biology are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02373139
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Results of the sixth joint pesticide testing programme of the IOBC/WPRS-working group «pesticides and beneficial organisms» (1994)
    Springer
    BioControl 39 (1994), S. 107-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: pesticides ; side effects ; beneficial arthropods ; natural enemies ; parasitoids ; predators ; entomopathogenic fungi ; IOBC ; International Organization for Biological Control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les effets secondaires de 5 insecticides, 8 fongicides et 6 herbicides sur 24 espèces auxiliaires ont été étudiés par les membres du Groupe de travail «Pesticides et Organismes utiles» de l'OILB, Organisation Internationale de Lutte biologique Section Régionale Ouest Paléarctique (SROP). Les tests ont été effectués par 24 participants appartenant à 11 pays, et selon des directives internationalement approuvées. L'insecticide buprofézine (Applaud), les fongicides triforine (Saprol), promycidone (Sumisclex), anilazine (Dyrène), triademinol (Bayfidan), hexaconazole (Anvil), tridémorphe (Calixin) et les berbicides tralkoxydime (Grasp), bentazone (Basagran) se sont révélés sans danger pour presque tous les auxiliaires. Le diflubenzuron (Dimilin) avait un effet néfaste sur les araignées et les larves d'insectes prédateurs. Les 10 préparations restantes étaient plus toxiques et doivent donc faire l'objet d'autres essais sur les organismes utilisés.
    Notes: Abstract The side effects of 5 insecticides, 8 fungicides and 6 herbicides on 24 species of beneficial organisms were tested by members of the Working Group «Pesticides and Beneficial Organisms» of the International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC), West Palaearctic Regional Section (WPRS). The tests were conducted by 24 members in 11 countries according to internationally approved guidelines. The insecticide buprofezin (Applaud), the fungicides triforine (Saprol), procymidone (Sumisclex), anilazine (Dyrene), triadimenol (Bayfidan), hexaconazole (Anvil), tridemorph (Calixin) and the herbicides tralkoxydim (Grasp), bentazone (Basagran) were harmless to nearly all the beneficial organisms. Diflubenzuron (Dimilin) affected spiders and the larvae of predatory insects. The remaining 10 preparations were more toxic and should therefore be further tested in semi-field and field experiment on relevant organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02373500
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