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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Applied mechanics and materials Vol. 13-14 (July 2008), p. 65-73 
    ISSN: 1662-7482
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The measurement of residual stress using the incremental hole drilling is well established, but themain limitations with the conventional strain gauge approach are the requirements for surfacepreparation, the need for accurate alignment and drilling, the restricted range of hole geometriescommensurate with the specific gauge designs, and the limited range of strain data averaged overthe footprint of the strain gauge grid. Recent attempts to extend the method have seen theapplication of full field optical techniques such as electronic speckle pattern interferometry andholographic interferometry for measuring the strain fields around the hole, but these methods aresensitive to vibration and this limits their practical use to controlled laboratory environments.There are significant potential benefits therefore of using a more robust technique based on DigitalImage Correlation (DIC), and work is presented in this study on the development of the method formeasuring surface displacements and strain fields generated during incremental hole drilling. Someof the practical issues associated with the technique development, including the optimization ofapplied patterns, the development of the optical system and integration with current hole drillingequipment are discussed, and although measurements are only presented for a single load case - theequi-biaxial stress state introduced during shot peening - the novel aspect of this work is theintegration of DIC measurements with incremental drilling and an application of the IntegralMethod analysis to measure the variation of residual stress with depth. Validation data comparingresults from conventional strain gauge data and FE models is also presented
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Applied mechanics and materials Vol. 3-4 (Aug. 2006), p. 105-110 
    ISSN: 1662-7482
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Hole drilling is one of the most widely used techniques for measuring residual stress, but the conventional approach is limited in the near surface detail that can be resolved. Because of concerns about the levels of induced residual stress that might develop during machining and surface treatment processes, there is significant interest in developing a technique that can obtain near-surface residual stress information by the application of fine-increment hole drilling. Critical information can be lost if conventional, large depth increments are used and the fine incremental hole drilling approach, using depth increments as small as 20µm, offers a cost effective and rapid solution, with the possibility of measuring near surface stresses. Results focus on three different machining studies and a shot peened specimen, all cases where the stress field changes rapidly through the depth, particularly close to the surface. A systematic assessment of machining parameters is not within the scope of this paper and is not presented, but work has focused on highlighting the application and potential of the fine increment hole drilling approach
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 13 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: This paper describes a model which was developed to simulate the effect of automated liming on the quality of a Welsh lake (Llyn Brianne) and its outflow river. The objective was to model the amount of lime required to dose the input streams under a variety of conditions. It was concluded that it would be feasible to install automatic-dosing equipment on the two input streams to deliver sufficient lime to ensure that the pH of the lake and water downstream was controlled at a pH value of 6.0 or greater, thus stabilizing water quality for fish and other aquatic biota.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 6 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Models are being used extensively to study the impact on the environment of a wide range of man-made influences. These include land-use change (e.g. afforestation), effluent discharges, flood-relief channels, reservoir developments, atmospheric pollution and the impacts of agrochemicals. In this paper several models are described which are being used by the Institute of Hydrology for environmental impact assessment. These models include MAGIC (Model of Acidification of Groundwater in Catchments), QUASAR (Quality Simulation Along Rivers) and a nitrogen simulation model for investigating the behaviour of nitrate in reservoirs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 19 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 187 (1960), S. 878-878 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The species involved in these crosses are female mouth-brooders. Although all show a basic similarity in breeding pattern, quite distinct from that of male mouth-brooders or substratum-spawners (as defined by Lowe5), interspecific differences, especially in courtship and male breeding coloration, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Radiation Applications & Instrumentation. Part D, 17 (1990), S. 429-430 
    ISSN: 1359-0189
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Gene 30 (1984), S. 241-245 
    ISSN: 0378-1119
    Keywords: Recombinant DNA ; amino acid sequence ; antigenic diversity ; cDNA clones ; coding ; variability
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 208 (1965), S. 915-916 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Orosomucoid was isolated from the urine of adult patients with the nephrotic syndrome, by means of chromatography on DEAE cellulose6. The preparation had been shown to be of high purity by electrophoretic, ultracentrifugal and immunochemical analysis6. Solutions of orosomucoid were prepared, 1 per ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY 1. We describe a preliminary approacb to modelling the impact of acidification on the ecology of two Welsb streams. Output from the hydrochemical Model of Acidification of Groundwaters in Catchments (MAGIC) was used to drive empirical models which predicted brown trout Salmo trulta (L.) survival, trout density and invertebrate assemblage type. The models were used for hindcasts between 1844 and 1984 under conifer forest and moorland conditions. Forecasts involved each of these land uses with sulphate deposition either continued at 1984 levels or reduced by 50%.2. Trout survival times and trout densities in the models declined markedly between 1844 and 1984. The most severe decline occurred under simulated forest, where high aluminium concentration led to the virtual elimination of trout in both streams.3. In forecasts, only in simulated moorland with sulphate deposition reduced by 50% of 1984 levels, was further decline in trout population retarded. There was no marked recovery in trout density under any of the conditions examined.4. Invertebrate assemblages in streams during the nineteenth century may have differed from those now existing in nearby moorland streams which are presently circumneutral. Past chemical conditions were unusual (〈3mg 1−1 total hardness, but pH 〉5.7 and low aluminium) by present-day standards, and were outside the range of the invertebrate model until -1940.5. Between the 1940s and 1984 there was no change in invertebrate fauna under the moorland scenario despite some acidification. However, simulated forest advanced the appearance of the most impoverished assemblage type, which did not recover in spite of reduced deposition.6. We discuss several uncertainties with the models in their present form, but suggest some methods for their testing and validation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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