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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Triads in Foetal Skeletal Muscle (1967)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 216 (1967), S. 985-988 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In the gastrocnemius muscle of the rat foetus longitudinally oriented triads were often seen near A–I junctions. This suggests that there is a change from longitudinal to transverse orientation during the development of skeletal ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/216985a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for a structural relationship between sarcoplasmic reticulum and Z lines in dog papillary muscle (1970)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 166 (1970), S. 51-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Electron micrographs of dog papillary muscle fibers show the sarco-plasmic reticulum (SR) as an extensive three-dimensional network of diverging and converging tubules that is continuous throughout each sarcomere and in successive sarcomeres. The network surrounds each myofibril and is continuous across the fiber. Tubules of the SR network are oriented transversely and longitudinally. Interconnections of transversely and longitudinally oriented SR tubules form circular pathways in the network. A structural relationship appears to exist between the Z line and longitudinally and transversely oriented tubules of the SR network at their points of apposition with the Z line. A rather constant space approximately 100 Å wide is seen between SR tubules apposed at the Z line in cross-sections and in favorable longitudinal sections of fibrils. This space is traversed by electron-opaque strands which appear to be connections between SR tubules and the Z line. Other lines of evidence support the view that Z lines and SR tubules are connected. One of these is the change of position of Z line SR tubules in relation to the change of position of Z lines in adjacent fibrils. Another line of evidence is the continuity of SR apposed at the Z line and SR connected to the sarcolemma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091660105
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Connections between the T system and sarcoplasmic reticulumWe thank Mr. C. D. Foreman for technical assistance.This work was aided by NSF grant GB-2009 and NIH grant NB 05444-01. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 155 (1966), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Electron micrographs of rat gastrocnemius muscle fibers show membrane-like dense structures traversing the space between the transverse system (T) and the terminal segments of sarcoplasmic reticulum (R). The periodicity of the structures, viewed in longitudinal sections of triads, varies from 150-250 Å. The distance between apposed membranes of T and R is 80-100 Å at the level of the dense structures between T and R. The distance is slightly greater than 100 Å at the level of less dense areas which alternate with the dense structures. The scalloped appearance of the R membrane, associated with differences in distance between T and R when the levels of dense structures and less dense areas are compared, leads to the suggestion that a holding force might be exerted by the dense structures. Such a holding force would support the view that the membrane-like dense structures are indeed connections between T and R. If membrane-like connections between T and R completely surround the less dense areas it is possible that a “physiological tight junction” conductive to electrotonic spread of current might exist between apposed membranes of T and R.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091550102
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    I segment lengths and thin filament periods in skeletal muscle fibers of the rhesus monkey and the human (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 63-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The I segment length has been measured and the number of thin filament periods per I segment has been counted in electron micrographs of Rhesus monkey and human leg muscle fibers. The number of I segment periods in the monkey fiber (60) and in the human fiber (66) multiplied by axial periodicity (385 Å) in thin filaments of living fibers (Huxley and BROWN, '67) plus 1,000 Å allowed for Z line width in living fibers, provided a formula for calculation of I segment lengths in living fibers. The calculated I segment lengths are 2.41 μ for the monkey and 2.64 μ for the human fiber. The ratio of calculated I segment length over an assumed constant thick filament length (1.6 μ) among vertebrates is in close agreement with the ratio of measured I segment length over measured thick filament length in micrographs of frog, rat, monkey and human leg muscle fibers. The calculated I segment length in the frog (1.95 μ) is compared with that of the human (2.64 μ) to show the relation of I segment length to the length-developed tension diagram and to the series elastic components of the skeletal muscle fiber.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091780107
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The sarcoplasmic reticulum and development of z lines in skeletal muscle fibers of fetal and postnatal ratsThis work was aided by NIH grants 5 FO1 GM-38165-03 and 5 RO1 NS07930-02, NSF grant GB-8538 and grants from the American Heart Association and the Kentucky Heart Association. (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 169 (1971), S. 661-677 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In electron microscope examinations of leg muscles from fetal and postnatal rats the development of SR tubules precedes the development of Z lines and the formation of fibrils, thus showing that a function of SR in Z line development is possible. Early stages of fibril formation reveal very small Z lines (0.06 μ thick) which are encircled by SR tubules separated from the Z lines by a space about 100 Å wide, and this space is traversed by electron-opaque strands which appear to be connections between SR tubules and Z lines. The encircling SR tubules are observed from the beginning to the completion of Z line development. The small Z lines contain dense lines transversely oriented between thin filament tips that resemble transversely oriented dense lines found in fully developed Z lines. It is concluded that Z line enlargement involves growth in circumference of encircling SR tubules as the tubules incorporate additional layers of thin filament tips. It is suggested that the substance represented by electronopaque strands connecting SR tubules and Z lines might provide precursors for the substance represented by transversely oriented dense lines between thin filament tips.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091690406
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for a structural relationship between successive parallel tubules in the SR network and supernumerary striations of Z line material in purkinje fibers of the chicken, sheep, dog and rhesus monkey heart (1975)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 147 (1975), S. 459-473 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The striations and the intervening filaments observed in the present study have been variously designated in the literature as: prodromal pattern, leptomeric myofibril, microladder, leptomeric organelle, leptofibril and zebra body. Electron microscope examinations of Purkinje fibers from the septa, papillaries, trabeculae carneae and small endocardial strands from chicken, sheep, dog and monkey hearts have revealed a close association between densely stained striations of supernumerary Z line material and successive parallel tubules in the network formed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). The striations appear to be linked together by filaments that somewhat resemble the part of thin filaments attached to Z lines in normal fibrils. The evidence for a close association of striations and SR tubules is derived from a similarity of spacing between striations and successive parallel tubules in the SR network and from a resemblance of striation and SR network patterns. The evidence for a structural relationship between striations and SR tubules is derived from the observation of electron-opaque strands traversing the space between striations and SR tubules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051470406
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship of the sarcoplasmic reticulum to fibril and triadic junction development in skeletal muscle fibers of fetal monkeys and humans (1975)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 146 (1975), S. 97-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Examinations of stages of fibril development in muscle fibers of seven Rhesus monkey and six human fetuses reveal SR tubules encircling the Z lines at all stages of fibril development. The encircling SR tubules are continuous with the SR network of tubules which is found surrounding fibrils at all stages of development observed. The SR tubules encircling the Z lines show connections (electron-opaque strands) with the Z lines. The developing triadic junction shows a progressive increase in complexity of structures within the junction. First, membranes of T and SR become apposed with no visible structure between them. Second, tenuous connections are found traversing the space between apposed membranes. Third, well developed bridges are seen traversing the space. And finally, an intermediate density midway between the apposed membranes and parallel to them is found in favorable sections. Junctions between T tubule membranes were also observed and the structures in these junctions are somewhat similar to those found in junctions between T and SR membranes. The change in orientation of triads from predominantly longitudinal to predominantly transverse is complete in the 18-week monkey fetus and incomplete in the latest stage (28-week) of fetal development observed in humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051460106
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The forms of the isometric twitch and isometric tetanus curves recorded from the frog's sartorius muscle (1944)
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 24 (1944), S. 185-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1030240304
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