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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Isoniazid ; Rifampicin ; Antituberculous agents ; Toxic Hepatitis ; Acetylator Phenotype ; Isoniazid-Rifampicin ; Tuberkulostatische Kombinationstherapie ; Toxische Hepatitis ; Acetyliererphänotyp
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 95 Patienten mit aktiver Tbc untersuchten wir prospektive den Einfluß des Acetyliererphänotyps auf die hepatotoxische Nebenwirkung der tuberkulostatischen Kombination Isoniazid (INH) 10 mg/kg, Rifampicin (RMP) 10 mg/kg, Myambutol (EMB) 25 mg/kg. Neben einer viel höheren Inzidenz der Isoniazidhepatitis (SGOT, SGPT 〉 200 U/l) von 12,6% der Behandelten — verglichen zur Häufigkeit der Isoniazidhepatitis während Chemoprophylaxe mit Isoniazid als Monotherapie von 0,5–1% (IUAT 1969, U.S.P.H.S. 1971) — stellten wir bei der Kombinationstherapie ein signifikant höheres Risiko schwerer INH-induzierter Leberschädigungen bei Langsamacetylierern fest (p 〈 0,01): von 56 Langsamacetylierern entwickelten 26 (=46,4%) Transaminasenerhöhungen 〉 50 U/l, von 30 Schnellacetylierern dagegen nur 4 (=13,3%). Unter den 12 Patienten mit Isoniazidhepatitis befanden sichnur Langsamacetylierer. Frauen waren von der Isoniazidhepatitis häufiger betroffen als Männer (p 〈 0,05). Bei der Isoniazidhepatitis wurde entweder die Therapie vorübergehend abgesetzt oder als Zweierkombination RMP, EMB fortgesetzt. Bei leichterem Verlauf der Leberschädigung wurde die Therapie unverändert fortgesetzt. In allen Fällen normalisierten sich die Transaminasen innerhalb 2–4 Wochen. Die anschließende Wiederaufnahme der Dreifachtherapie ohne Dosisreduktion führte zu keinem erneuten Transaminasenanstieg. Das konstante Auftreten der INH-Hepatitis in der 2.–4. Woche (19±7 Tage) sowie die ohne Reaktion vertragene spätere Reexposition der vollen Dreifachtherapie sprechen für eine zeitlich begrenzte Interaktion des Rifampicin mit dem Isoniazid-Metabolismus in der Anfangsphase der tuberkulostatischen Therapie.
    Notes: Summary In 95 patients with active tuberculosis, we investigated in a prospective study the influence of the acetylator phenotype on the hepatotoxic side effects of the antituberculous regimen isoniazid (INH) 10 mg/kg, rifampicin (RMP) 10 mg/kg, and ethambutol (EMB) 25 mg/kg. Besides a much higher incidence of isoniazid hepatitis (SGOT, SGPT 〉 200 U/l) in 12.6% of patients treated — as compared to the incidence reported in large chemoprophylaxis trials with isoniazid monotherapy in the range of 0.5%–1% (IUAT 1969, U.S.P.H.S. 1971) — we observed a significant, higher risk of isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity in slow acetylators (p 〈 0.01): in 26 of 56 slow acetylators (=46.4%), but only in 4 of 30 rapid acetylators (=13.3%) were transaminases in the serum elevated 〉 50 U/l. The 12 patients with the most severe hepatotoxic side effects (SGOT, SGPT 〉 200 U/l) were all slow acetylators. Women developed severe hepatic injury more often than men (p 〈 0.05). In cases with isoniazid hepatitis, triple therapy was either stopped or reduced to a combination RMP, EMB. In cases with less severe liver injury, triple therapy was continued. In all patients transaminases normalized within 2–4 weeks. On return to full triple therapy, none of the patients developed new elevation of transaminases. The constant occurrence of isoniazid hepatitis during the 2nd–4th week (19±7 days) as well as the normalization without any new hepatotoxic reaction suggest that there may be an interaction between RMP and isoniazid metabolism limited to the early phase of chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 63 (1985), S. 93-94 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 152 (1993), S. 418-420 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Asplenia syndrome ; Hiatus hernia ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract During a 13-month period, 13 patients with asplenia syndrome were evaluated with MRI for cardiovascular and visceral anomalies. The MR images were reviewed for the presence of hiatus hernia which was found in three patients. One of the remaining ten patients with no MRI evidence of hiatus hernia was diagnosed as having gastro-oesophageal reflux and hiatus hernia by an oesophagogram and 24-h pH monitoring. This patient had undergone fundoplication prior to MRI. Out of the 13 patients (31%) with asplenia syndrome, 4 had hiatus hernia. It appears that among patients with the asplenia syndrome, hiatus hernia is a frequent finding. Recurrent pneumonia or bronchiolitis in patients with asplenia syndrome requires evaluation for the presence of hiatus hernia and gastro-oesophageal reflux.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 5041-5052 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Raman scattering has been performed on single crystal hydrogenated silicon and germanium surfaces to investigate the temperature dependence of their vibrational spectral profiles. Based on a single-mode dephasing model for pure vibrational dephasing, the frequency shift and line broadening were analyzed to extract the following dephasing parameters: exchange mode frequency, coupling strength, and friction parameter. The exchange modes for the XH stretches on hydrogenated X(100) surfaces (X=Ge, Si, and C) are found to match their respective bending frequencies. The corresponding ones for hydrogenated X(111) surfaces, on the other hand, are located within the bulk phonon. This surface dependence of the exchange mode in surface vibrational dephasing dynamics is correlated with the structural relaxation and its associated symmetry variation at surfaces. It is further confirmed by the experiments performed on deuterated semiconductor surfaces. A site-symmetry induced representation method is exploited to analyze the symmetry properties of the surface vibrations on these two surfaces. This group-theoretical analysis has revealed the selection rules of choosing the dominant exchange modes on hydrogenated semiconductor surfaces. We have identified the exchange modes in the surface phonon spectra of these surfaces according to their symmetry properties. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 296 (1992), S. 468-473 
    ISSN: 0003-9861
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 142 (1987), S. 38-46 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Aquacultural Engineering 1 (1982), S. 81-91 
    ISSN: 0144-8609
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Aquacultural Engineering 5 (1986), S. iii-iv 
    ISSN: 0144-8609
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Aquacultural Engineering 9 (1990), S. 61-73 
    ISSN: 0144-8609
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Aquacultural Engineering 9 (1990), S. 411-427 
    ISSN: 0144-8609
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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