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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 67 (1995), S. 325-335 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Work-related diseases ; Information systems ; Periodical occupational health survey ; Occupational health services ; Working conditions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this article, we describe methods which have been applied in the compilation of the Atlas of Health and Working Conditions by Occupation. First, we discuss the need for information systems to identify problems concerning working conditions and health. Such information systems have an exploratory purpose, being deployed to identify work risks in companies, groups of occupations and sectors of industry, and can also be a starting point for the generation of hypotheses on the causes of adverse health effects. In the Netherlands, occupational health services gather questionnaire data about work and health as part of periodical occupational health surveys. In the atlas, aggregated questionnaire data for 129 occupations with male employees and 19 occupations with female employees are presented. In this article, we explain the methodology used to compare occupations with regard to each item in the questionnaire. We then discuss applications of these occupational ranking lists. The cross-sectional nature of the data collection, various forms of selection and the limited size of some occupational populations have to be taken into account when interpreting the results. Occupational ranking lists can be applied in the allocation of resources and in the design of scientific research. The overviews for each occupation, presented in the second half of the atlas, provide an occupational profile of existing problems with respect to work and health. These profiles are used as basic information to develop a practical policy on working conditions and health.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 73 (2000), S. 47-55 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Key words Questionnaire survey ; Health survey ; Instrument development ; Reference data ; OHS service
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Periodic Occupational Health Surveys (POHS) are frequently used by occupational health and safety services in the Netherlands as a risk assessment instrument. These surveys include a questionnaire on work and health. Systematic attention is paid in this questionnaire to a broad range of working conditions and health complaints. In this article a method is presented to identify and evaluate work risks and health problems in groups of workers. Working conditions and health in any given company or department are assessed by comparing questionnaire data from its worker populations with data from one or more reference populations. Significant differences are interpreted as signals for both adverse working conditions and health problems. Considerations and choices with regard to the technical, operational and strategic quality of the method are elucidated. Probabilities of α- and β-errors, choice of significance levels, and selection of reference populations are dealt with. Finally, a way of presentation of the results is shown. The method is considered to be part of a broader approach toward risk assessment. We recommend the combined use of questionnaire results and other available information, such as workplace surveys and sickness absence data. Questionnaires about work and health can be seen as one step in a multi-phase design: like in many diagnostic processes, the latter phases can enhance the precision of previous results. Recommendations are made for validating and evaluating this instrument.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 67 (1995), S. 337-342 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Work-related diseases ; Information systems ; Periodical occupational health survey ; Occupational health services ; Working conditions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The results of the general Atlas of Health and Working Conditions by Occupation were compared with the results of the Atlas of Health and Working Conditions in the Construction Industry. Both are based on questionnaire data from periodical occupational health surveys [POHSs]. The scores on most of the items showed considerable differences between the two atlases, partly due to differences in the regional origin of the data. Therefore, direct comparisons between the atlases are biased by regional differences. To study the reliability and the generalizability of the results of both atlases, similarities between the data files with respect to occupations in the construction industry were studied. Most of the items on working conditions, especially those with a widespread distribution, showed a close resemblance between the data files in terms of the relative position of an occupation compared to other occupations in the construction industry. The items on health showed less resemblance, except for the items on musculoskeletal complaints, which showed results similar to those of the work items. These results indicate the reliability and generalizability of the judgements based on both atlases outside the regions of origin, as far as items with a widespread distribution are concerned. Therefore, we recommend the aggregation of POHS data on a national scale, taking regional differences into account. In that way, a greater number of occupations will be described and the reliability of the results will be enhanced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 72 (1999), S. 285-291 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Key words Occupational health services ; Occupational physician ; Occupational health research ; Education ; Occupational medicine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In some respects, the Dutch seem to be forerunners in Europe. Occupational health care for all workers can be considered as a substantial progress. Nonetheless, The Netherlands has taken the lead in Europe regarding high work pressure, sickness absence and disability for work. The resulting focus on sickness absence management in many companies is associated with changes in the tasks and position of the occupational physician. Quality of occupational health care is not always as high as it should be, partly as a result of the commercial approach occupational health services have to adopt nowadays. However, the post-academic education programme, with special attention for training of skills, is increasingly adapted to occupational physicians working in a commercial environment. Moreover, a basis has been laid for a better infrastructure and occupational physicians show an increase in professional enthusiasm. Furthermore, co-operation between different professionals has become increasingly common, resulting in a more comprehensive support for companies. Efforts are being made for better co-operation with general practitioners and medical specialists. Finally, the priorities for future research have been clearly outlined by a programming study. Experts are in demand for studies regarding implementation and evaluation of interventions, especially cost-benefit analysis. Furthermore, work stress and musculoskeletal disorders remain on the research agenda.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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