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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 73 (2000), S. 47-55 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Key words Questionnaire survey ; Health survey ; Instrument development ; Reference data ; OHS service
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Periodic Occupational Health Surveys (POHS) are frequently used by occupational health and safety services in the Netherlands as a risk assessment instrument. These surveys include a questionnaire on work and health. Systematic attention is paid in this questionnaire to a broad range of working conditions and health complaints. In this article a method is presented to identify and evaluate work risks and health problems in groups of workers. Working conditions and health in any given company or department are assessed by comparing questionnaire data from its worker populations with data from one or more reference populations. Significant differences are interpreted as signals for both adverse working conditions and health problems. Considerations and choices with regard to the technical, operational and strategic quality of the method are elucidated. Probabilities of α- and β-errors, choice of significance levels, and selection of reference populations are dealt with. Finally, a way of presentation of the results is shown. The method is considered to be part of a broader approach toward risk assessment. We recommend the combined use of questionnaire results and other available information, such as workplace surveys and sickness absence data. Questionnaires about work and health can be seen as one step in a multi-phase design: like in many diagnostic processes, the latter phases can enhance the precision of previous results. Recommendations are made for validating and evaluating this instrument.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 73 (2000), S. 507-518 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Key words Leisure time physical activity ; Physical activity ; Sports participation ; Sick leave ; Physical work load
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives: To assess the association between leisure time physical activity and musculoskeletal morbidity, as well as possible interactions with physical activity at work. Methods: A literature search was performed to collect all studies on musculoskeletal disorders in which physical activity was involved as a variable. Next, an analysis was made of questionnaire data on a group of 2,030 workers in various occupations, on self-reported physical activity in leisure time and at work, musculoskeletal symptoms (from low back, neck-shoulder and lower extremity) and sick leave due to these symptoms. A logistic regression analysis was carried out to estimate the association between musculoskeletal morbidity and four physical-activity indices (participation in sports and sedentary activities, active life style, sedentary life style), adjusted for age, gender, education and work load. Interaction of leisure activities with age and work load was tested too. Results: Available literature data (39 studies) showed inconsistent results. Most studies did not show any effects. Some studies indicated favourable effects of physical activity, both on low back and neck pain. Participation in some vigorous sports seemed associated with unfavourable effects. The empirical data showed no association between participation in sports and/or other physical activities in leisure time and musculoskeletal symptoms. Sedentary activity in leisure time was associated with higher prevalence rates of low back symptoms and sick leave due to low back symptoms. Conclusions: Stimulation of leisure time physical activity may constitute one of the means of reducing musculoskeletal morbidity in the working population, in particular in sedentary workers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 72 (1999), S. 285-291 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Key words Occupational health services ; Occupational physician ; Occupational health research ; Education ; Occupational medicine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In some respects, the Dutch seem to be forerunners in Europe. Occupational health care for all workers can be considered as a substantial progress. Nonetheless, The Netherlands has taken the lead in Europe regarding high work pressure, sickness absence and disability for work. The resulting focus on sickness absence management in many companies is associated with changes in the tasks and position of the occupational physician. Quality of occupational health care is not always as high as it should be, partly as a result of the commercial approach occupational health services have to adopt nowadays. However, the post-academic education programme, with special attention for training of skills, is increasingly adapted to occupational physicians working in a commercial environment. Moreover, a basis has been laid for a better infrastructure and occupational physicians show an increase in professional enthusiasm. Furthermore, co-operation between different professionals has become increasingly common, resulting in a more comprehensive support for companies. Efforts are being made for better co-operation with general practitioners and medical specialists. Finally, the priorities for future research have been clearly outlined by a programming study. Experts are in demand for studies regarding implementation and evaluation of interventions, especially cost-benefit analysis. Furthermore, work stress and musculoskeletal disorders remain on the research agenda.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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