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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial Production of Carbon Monoxide from Flavonoids (1961)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 189 (1961), S. 510-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The production of carbon monoxide from flavonoids is a common reaction in moulds but is absent in the bacteria tested (Table 1). As the recoveries of carbon monoxide are in general less than theoretical for the amount of substrate metabolized, there must be more than one pathway available to moulds ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/189510a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of the β-Lactam Synthesizing Enzymes of Streptomyces clavuligerus, Cephalosporium acremonium, and Penicillium chrysogenum (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 542 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb25803.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a standard bacterial consortium for laboratory efficacy testing of commercial freshwater oil spill bioremediation agents (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 21 (1998), S. 322-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: bacterial inoculum; consortium; crude oil biodegradation; oil spill bioremediation agents; petroleum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Six crude oil-degrading bacterial strains isolated from different soil and water environments were combined to create a defined consortium for use in standardized efficacy testing of commercial oil spill bioremediation agents (OSBA). The isolates were cryopreserved in individual aliquots at pre-determined cell densities, stored at −70°C, and thawed for use as standardized inocula as needed. Aliquots were prepared with precision (typically within 10% of the mean) ensuring reproducible inoculation. Five of the six strains displayed no appreciable loss of viability during cryopreservation exceeding 2.5 years, and five isolates demonstrated stable hydrocarbon-degrading phenotypes during inoculum preparation and storage. When resuscitated, the defined consortium reproducibly biodegraded Alberta Sweet Mixed Blend crude oil (typically ± 7% of the mean of triplicate cultures), as determined by quantitative gas chromatography–mass spectrometry of various analyte classes. Reproducible biodegradation was observed within a batch of inoculum in trials spanning 2.5 years, and among three batches of inoculum prepared more than 2 years apart. Biodegradation was comparable after incubation for 28 days at 10°C or 14 days at 22°C, illustrating the temperature tolerance of the bacterial consortium. The results support the use of the synthetic consortium as a reproducible, predictable inoculum to achieve standardized efficacy tests for evaluating commercial OSBA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900594
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corrosion of Pembina crude oil pipeline (1983)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 17 (1983), S. 173-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Corrosion failure of the Pembina pipeline system of North Central Alberta, Canada, was frequent and was associated with constant bacterial load and sulphide in the crude oil and produced water. The bacterial load included a variety of anaerobic and aerobic/facultative bacteria which acted in concert to produce sulphide, giving rise to a “cascade of sulphide generation”. A total of 256 isolates from the crude oil were tested for ability to reduce oxidized sulphur compounds to sulphide. Five groups of bacteria, (A-E), based on this ability to reduce sulphur compounds, existed in the crude oil system. Group A reduced sulphur compounds with oxidation states +6; and lower, Group B reduced oxidation state +4 and below; Group C, oxidation states +2 and lower. Group D reduced only oxidation state 0 (elemental Sulphur), while Group E could reduce no sulphur compound to sulphide. It was found that a ceiling on the reductive capability of each bacterial group was set by the oxidation state of the sulphur compounds. The result is a synergistic relationship whereby intermediate products of reductive activities of each group form the substrate for subsequent action by other groups until sulphide is produced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00505884
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial corrosion of mild steel under the condition of simultaneous formation of ferrous and sulphide ions (1987)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 26 (1987), S. 294-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Corrosion of mild steel in cultures of a Pseudomonas species under the condition of simultaneous formation of Fe(II) and S2- was initially inhibited by inhibiting the anodic reaction, but after long incubation the corrosion process was allowed to continue. When only S2- was produced, the initial corrosion rate increased for up to 60 h but later declined, probably due to a protective FeS film formed on the metal. Cathodic reactions were affected in a similar fashion as the anode. Extensive pitting corrosion was observed when the mild steel coupons were immersed in bacterial culture producing Fe(IIO) and S2-, but not in the uninoculated control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00286327
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of chemically modified lignin peroxidase and enzymatic oxidation of aromatic nitrogen-containing compounds (1995)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 42 (1995), S. 675-681 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Lignin peroxidase from the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium was chemically modified by reductive alkylation with benzyl, naphthyl and anthracyl moieties, thereby increasing its superficial hydrophobicity. The three chemical modifications altered the kinetic behaviour of the enzyme in 10% acetonitrile with four different substrates: carbazole, pinacyanol, pyrene and veratryl alcohol. Benzyl modification of lignin peroxidase increased the catalytic efficiency (k cat/K m,app) 2.7 times for carbazole oxidation. Thirteen N-containing compounds, including pyrroles, pyridines, and aromatic amines, were tested to determine whether they could be oxidized by lignin peroxidase in 10% acetonitrile. All the pyrrole analogues and all the amines tested were oxidized, but none of the pyridine analogous reacted. Some products were isolated and analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Most were dimers or polymers and, in some cases, these contained oxygen atoms. The possibility of bitumen and petroleum modifications using this enzyme is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00171943
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of bacteria in Pembina crude oil pipeline system and their potential role in corrosion process (1987)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 26 (1987), S. 389-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Crude oil stream from the Pembina fields of North Central Alberta, Canada, contained a relatively high detectable load of bacteria. The oil and produced water contained aerobic and anerobic microorganisms capable of producing sulphides from sulphates and sulphite, and ferrous ions from ferric compounds. The ability to produce S2- and Fe(II) in solution is considered very important in corrosion phenomenon in the pipeline system. Apart from SO 4 2- — reducers (Desulfovibrio spp) the organisms found in the crude oil system and capable of generating corrosive environment were mainly members of the Genus Pseudomonas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00256676
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cephamycin production and isopenicillin N synthetase activity in cultures of Streptomyces clavuligerus (1987)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 27 (1987), S. 240-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The relationships between growth, cephamycin production and isopenicillin N synthetase (IPNS) activity in cultures of Streptomyces clavuligerus were examined to establish conditions that optimize the yield and specific activity of the enzyme. Unexpectedly for a secondary metabolic pathway component, IPNS was synthesized preferentially during rapid growth and reached its maximum specific activity in cultures supplied with readily assimilated sources of nitrogen. The activity decreased sharply as cultures entered stationary phase. On the other hand, comparisons of growth and antibiotic production on a range of carbon and nitrogen sources as well as measurements of IPNS activity in chemostat cultures implicated “catabolite repression”, a mechanism usually associated with separation of trophophase and idiophase activities, as an important factor in controlling expression of the secondary metabolic pathway. An explanation for the timing of IPNS biosynthesis is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00252925
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of chemically modified lignin peroxidase and enzymatic oxidation of aromatic nitrogen-containing compounds (1995)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 42 (1995), S. 675-681 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Lignin peroxidase from the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium was chemically modified by reductive alkylation with benzyl, naphthyl and anthracyl moieties, thereby increasing its superficial hydrophobicity. The three chemical modifications altered the kinetic behaviour of the enzyme in 10% acetonitrile with four different substrates: carbazole, pinacyanol, pyrene and veratryl alcohol. Benzyl modification of lignin peroxidase increased the catalytic efficiency (k cat/K m,app) 2.7 times for carbazole oxidation. Thirteen N-containing compounds, including pyrroles, pyridines, and aromatic amines, were tested to determine whether they could be oxidized by lignin peroxidase in 10% acetonitrile. All the pyrrole analogues and all the amines tested were oxidized, but none of the pyridine analogous reacted. Some products were isolated and analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Most were dimers or polymers and, in some cases, these contained oxygen atoms. The possibility of bitumen and petroleum modifications using this enzyme is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050312
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of sulfur heterocycles in prudhoe bay crude oil by soil enrichments (1984)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 21 (1984), S. 225-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Soil was incubated in mineral medium with Prudhoe Bay crude oil at 20 °C under shake-flask conditions. The aromatic fractions of oil extracted from these cultures were analyzed by capillary GC using a S-specific detector. Without nutrient supplementation, these cultures degraded alkyl benzothiophenes, dibenzothiophene, the Cl-dibenzothiophenes and some C2 dibenzothiophenes after 27 days incubation. when supplemented with N and P, most of the C2 dibenzothiophenes and some C3-dibenzothiophenes were also degraded. The following orders of susceptibility to microbial attack were observed in homologous series: (a) C2 benzothiophene 〉 C3-benzothiophenes,(b)dibenzothiophene 〉 C1-dibenzothiophenes 〉 C2 dibenzothiophenes 〉 C3-dibenzothiophenes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00163626
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