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  • 1
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The enzymes 2′:3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) and RNase were simultaneously measured in the sera and CSF of multiple sclerosis (MS) and non-MS patients. No evidence of increased activity for these enzymes could be found regardless of pathology in either fluid source. Discrepancies between the present results and those from two previous studies that reported significant increases in CNPase activity in the CSF of patients with MS were carefully analyzed. It was concluded that the apparent increased CNPase activity correlated with MS in both previous studies was most probably the result of methodological and computational difficulties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Ganglioside antibodies ; Neurological disorders ; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serum IgG and IgM antibodies to gangliosides GM1, GM2, GM3, AGM1, GD1a, GD1b and GT1b were determined in 210 patients with different degenerative and inflammatory disorders including motor neuron diseases, peripheral radiculopathies and neuropathies, multiple sclerosis and neuroborreliosis. No single disorder was associated specifically with ganglioside antibodies. No characteristic patterns of ganglioside antibodies were observed in any disease category. However, 32% of all patients had pathological antibody titres to at least one ganglioside. Four patients had pathological IgG and IgM titres for all gangliosides evaluated. They suffered from systemic lupus erythematosus [2], neuroborreliosis and schizophrenia, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the introduction of ganglioside antibody determination as a differential diagnostic test in clinical neurology is only helpful in a few patients with typical lower motor neuron syndromes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 240 (1991), S. 334-338 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Sarcoidosis ; Cerebrospinal fluid ; Lysozyme ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neurosarcoidosis is a well-recognised complication of systemic sarcoidosis but diagnosis may be difficult if there is no clear evidence of an extracerebral manifestation of the disease. We present the case of a 42-year-old woman with clinical features characteristic of cerebral sarcoidosis including tetraparesis, diabetes insipidus, diencephalic hyperphagia, personality changes, and memory loss. Diagnosis was supported by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): CSF showed mild lymphocytic pleocytosis, intrathecal production of IgG without oligoclonal bands, and a raised level of lysozyme. MRI revealed multiple contrast-enhanced granulomas at the base of the brain with partial involvement of diencephalic and mesencephalic structures and parts of the spinal cord. There was no evidence of systemic manifestation of sarcoidosis. Administration of corticosteroids led to improvement of the symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Ganglioside antibodies ; CSF ; Neuroborreliosis ; GBS ; CIDP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum IgG and IgM antibodies to seven gangliosides were determined in patients with neuroborreliosis (NB) (n=20), Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) (n=13), and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) (n=10). the incidence of elevated antibodies was highest in NB and lowest in CIDP. Correlation between CSF and serum antibodies was only observed for IgG antibodies to GM1 GD1b and GT1b in GBS. The strong IgM antibody reactivity to gangliosides in the CSF of NB patients may be involved in the variety of neurological disorders attributed toBorrelia burgdorferi infection. Since one CIDP and three GBS patients had serologic evidence of prior or concurrent borrelia infection, this infection may belong to the infections that can trigger GBS or CIDP. The lack of specific ganglioside antibody patterns in these four patients suggests that ganglioside antibodies are not the link betweenBorrelia burgdorferi infection and the demyelination of peripheral nerves in GBS and CIDP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Ross syndrome ; Adie's (tonic) pupil ; Anhidrosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two patients are described with the triad of tonic pupil, hyporeflexia and segmental anhidrosis (Ross syndrome). Only 18 cases of this syndrome have been reported in the literature so far. While tonic pupil and reduced sweating can be attributed to the affection of postganglionic cholinergic parasympathetic and sympathetic fibres projecting to the iris and sweat glands, respectively, the pathogenesis of diminished or lost tendon jerks remains obscure. To identify the characteristic clinical features, the previous cases of Ross syndrome are reviewed. Recent evidence of subclinical disturbances of sweating in most patients with Adie's syndrome, i.e. tonic pupil and areflexia, casts doubt on the nosological concept of Ross syndrome as a distinct clinical entity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: malignant melanoma ; brain ; CSF ; TNFα ; IL6 ; immunology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neurological complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with disseminated malignant melanoma. We have studied and correlated clinical and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings in 20 patients with central nervous system metastases from malignant melanoma including 8 patients with metastatic meningeal melanomatosis (MMM) and 12 patients with solid cerebral metastases (SCM). The putative CSF tumor markers, fibronectin and β2-microglobulin, were elevated significantly in MMM but not in SCM patients. A prominent increase in the IgM index, which reflects intrathecal B-cell stimulation, and a rise of IgG index, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in MMM patients provide preliminary evidence for a local intrathecal immune response triggered by melanoma cell invasion of the subarachnoid space.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Experimental allergic neuritis ; peripheral nerve ; protease ; proteolysis ; myelin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Proteolysis of peripheral nerve myelin was studied in rats with experimental allergic neuritis (EAN). In vitro measurements using rat sciatic nerve homogenate and denatured bovine myelin as a substrate showed two myelin specific enzyme activities at pH 3.8 (inhibited by pepstatin) and pH 5.8 (inhibited by PMSF) in the normal rat and newly appearing activities at pH 2.8 (inhibited by pepstatin) and pH 5.0 (not characterized) in the EAN rat. In EAN the proteolytic activity was not restricted to myelin substrate but degraded total sciatic nerve protein as well. Endogenous sciatic nerve protease at pH 5.8 did not significantly change in activity during the course of disease. On the contrary, activity of acid protease at pH 2.8 corresponded well to the disease. Myelin degradation in EAN, therefore, appears to be mainly due to exogenous non-tissue protease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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