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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of aging on the structural and permeability characteristics of cerebrovasculature in normotensive and hypertensive strains of rats (1980)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 51 (1980), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Aging ; Hypertension ; Blood-brain barrier ; Ultrastructure ; Blood vessels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study demonstrates that markedly different patterns of age-related changes in blood pressure and body weight occur among normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In addition, a variety of age-related structural alterations occurred in the walls of arterioles, capillaries, and venules of the frontal cortex. These changes include: (1) an increase in the thickness of the vascular wall by deposits of collagen and basal lamina which, in some cases, extended into the surrounding neuropil; (2) the presence of a flocculent material in the adventitia of intracerebral arterioles; (3) vesicular inclusions in perivascular macrophages, pericytes and smooth muscle cells which were labelled with i.v. administered horseradish peroxidase (HRP); (4) fragmentation of smooth muscle cells; and (5) accumulation of lipofuscin-like pigments in perivascular glial processes. The hypertensive rats exhibited these changes, but they were more advanced and more widely distributed throughout the cerebral cortex. The aged hypertensive rats occasionally had large bundles of 10 nm diameter, intermediate filaments in the endothelial cells. Whereas no change in blood-brain barrier permeability to HRP was observed in the aged normotensive rats, all age groups of the hypertensive rats exhibited increased permeability to HRP in the initial segment of penetrating arterioles in laminae I and II of the cerebral cortex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688844
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brain aging in normotensive and hypertensive strains of rats (1980)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 52 (1980), S. 7-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Aging ; Hypertension ; Neurofibrillary tangles ; Lipofuscin ; Neurons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A variety of age-related changes occur in the structure of neurons in the cerebral cortex of Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats. The most marked alteration associated with increasing age was the deposition of lipofuscin pigment, primarily at the bases of apical dendrites of pyramidal neurons. While no strain-related differences in the amount of lipofuscin pigment were observed in the youngest (3 months) and in the aged (22–27 months) groups of rats, it appeared that hypertensive rats had larger pigment deposits at 12 months of age. At the ultrastructural level, neurons of the aged brains exhibited numerous nuclear invaginations and filamentous nuclear inclusions, increased amounts of Golgi complex and two types of cytoplasmic inclusions. The number of degenerative structures in the neuropil (membranous whorls, dystrophic axons and alterations in myelin sheaths) was also apparently increased in the aged brains. Neurofibrillary tangles were observed in dendritic processes of a 27-month-old Wistar-Kyoto rat. Glial cells accumulated distinctive pigment granules by which the three types of glia could be identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687223
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two types of glomus cell in the rat carotid body as revealed by α-bungarotoxin binding (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of neurocytology 13 (1984), S. 281-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated α-bungarotoxin (αBgt) was used to localize αBgt-acetylcholine receptor sites in the rat carotid body. Two types of glomus cell were differentiated on the basis of the staining of their plasma membranes by the conjugate: type A, devoid of staining or only partly stained; and type B, exhibiting staining over the entire cell surface. The parts of type A glomus and supporting cells stained were always in direct apposition to type B glomus cells. It is concluded that type B glomus cells are possibly the only cell types exhibiting specific binding sites of αBgt. Other morphological characteristics and quantitative studies indicated that the type A and type B glomus cells presented in this study were equivalent to those described in the rat carotid body by other investigators (McDonald & Mitchell, 1975). αBgt-HRP staining facilitated the observation of the distribution pattern of glomus cells in the parenchyma: type A glomus cells were arranged in groups and often showed polarity toward neural elements and sinusoidal capillaries; and clusters of type B glomus cells were frequently situated in a demilune-like fashion over groups of type A glomus cells. Because of differences in morphology, synaptology, αBgt-binding affinity, and polarity toward the blood vessels, we propose that type A and type B glomus cells in the rat carotid body represent functionally distinct cell types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01148120
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dopamine β-hydroxylase-like immunoreactivity in the rat and cat carotid body: a light and electron microscopic study (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of neurocytology 14 (1985), S. 131-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunocytochemical localization of dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) was used to study the synthesis and storage sites of norepinephrine (noradrenaline) in the rat and cat carotid bodies. In the rat carotid body some parenchymal cells exhibited strong DBH-like immunoreactivity (DBH-I), while others displayed only faint DBH-I. In a typical parenchymal cell cluster, most cells with strong DBH-I were irregular in shape and appeared to partially surround those with weak DBH-I which usually were rounded in contour. In the cat carotid body most parenchymal cells showed a strong to moderate DBH-I. In both the rat and cat carotid bodies varicose nerve fibres with DBH-I were associated primarily with blood vessels. All autonomic ganglion cells examined, which were associated with the rat carotid body, showed DBH-I. Electron microscopy revealed that most DBH-I in the strongly positive cells of the rat carotid body was associated with dense granules (possibly corresponding to dense-cored vesicles of various sizes), although some was found in other sites. In oval cells with less DBH-I, reactivity resided in some of the large granules. In the cat carotid body the glomus cells contained more granules of various sizes and shapes than did those of the rat carotid body. Most of the cat glomus cell granules exhibited DBH-I activity. Our results indicate that some of glomus cells in the rat and most of the glomus cells in the cat contain DBH and therefore may be sites of norepinephrine synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01150267
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1972)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 17 (1972), S. 285-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02232306
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of triparanol on adrenocortical cells of the zona fasciculata of Syrian hamsters (1966)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 71 (1966), S. 41-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Adrenocortical cells of the zona fasciculata of adult Syrian hamsters given 250 mg/kg triparanol daily by stomach tube were compared with cortical cells of untreated control animals. Dark cytoplasmic bodies which stained with toluidine blue, Nile blue sulfate, Sudan black B and acid hematein were observed with the light microscope. The bodies disappeared following the pyridine extraction-acid hematein test and control animals as well as animals treated with triparanol failed to give a positive reaction for cholesterol. These findings offer evidence that the cytoplasmic bodies are phospholipids. With the electron microscope the cytoplasmic granules exhibited rounded edges and were occasionally surrounded by a membrane. They displayed a crystalline latticework with opaque lines approximately 40–60 Å separated by clear spaces 50–70 Å. These observations coupled with the biochemical findings of other investigators suggest that the crystals may represent either the accumulations of enzymes or the matrix for a steroid precursor such as desmosterol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00339829
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The occurrence of intramitochondrial granules in nerve cells (1968)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 92 (1968), S. 388-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The mitochondria of spinal cord motoneurons of normal rats have been studied and compared with those of animals given 2.5 mg/kg of strychnine sulfate. The mitochondria in the motoneurons of the treated animals exhibited opaque granules in the matrix. Such granules were observed only when calcium chloride was present in the fixing media and were not present in any other component of the nervous tissue of the spinal cord. Granules were not seen in the mitochondria of motoneurons of untreated control animals. The possible function of these granules in nerve cell metabolism is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00455595
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural studies of the effects of reserpine on mouse abdominal sympathetic paragangliaThis research supported by USPHS grants HE 12751, NS 05665 and 00690. (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 170 (1971), S. 269-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Male and female A/Jax mice 10-18 days of age were given one, two, or three daily subcutaneous injections of Serpasil (Reserpine USP; 2.5 mg/kg) and sacrificed 24 hours after the last injection. Abdominal extra-adrenal tissue was processed for electron microscopy to determine the effects of this catecholamine depleting drug on the dense cored cytoplasmic granules of the parenchymal chief cells.Electron microscopic investigations of sympathetic paraganglia from treated animals revealed a marked decrease in granule opacity as compared to that seen in cells from control animals. The cells with granules reduced in opacity following reserpine treatment could be consistently distinguished from those of non-treated animals which led us to assume that the drug depleted the amine content from its storage site in the granule without completely destroying the granule structure. These results further substantiate our earlier speculations that the granules in abdominal paraganglion chief cells of the mouse contain catecholamines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091700303
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ultrastructural study of the effects of fluoroacetate on hepatocytes (1971)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 117 (1971), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hepatocytes ; Fluoroacetate ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary This research was undertaken in order to determine if known biochemical processes involving the conversion of fluoroacetate are reflected morphologically at the electron microscopic level. No changes were observed in the hepatocytes after 2.5 mg/kg of fluoroacetate and sacrifice at 3 hours, but with 5 mg/kg of the drug there was an increase in the amount of agranular endoplasmic reticulum, an aberrant shape of mitochondria, and a disappearance of visible glycogen. One hour after 10, 15, 20, or 30 mg/kg of fluoroacetate the results showed a tremendous increase in the amount of agranular endoplasmic reticulum, an aberration in mitochondrial structure, and a disappearance of the intramitochondrial granules and glycogen. The possible relationship of these changes to fluoroacetate poisoning is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331101
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of clofibrate on acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity in hepatocytes (1971)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 119 (1971), S. 321-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hepatocytes ; A CoA Carboxylase ; Clofibrate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cytochemical localization techniques and electron microscopy were used to evaluate the effects of clofibrate on acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity. It was demonstrated that the drug inhibited the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in rat hepatocytes. Although the results in one of these experiments were somewhat variable, it is suggested that the inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase may be the mechanism by which clofibrate exerts its hypolipidemic effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00431290
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