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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new method of estimating the amount of berberine released from minute cell colonies of Thalictrum minus has been devised to facilitate the selection of high berberine-producing cell lines. In this system, cell aggregates obtained from a cell suspension culture are grown on small pieces of an agar culture medium and the concentration of berberine which has been released from the cells into the agar piece is assayed by the antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus MT2026. Screening of 1000 cell colonies by the “agar piece method” has resulted in the isolation of four, high berberine-producing cell lines, although they have been found to be more or less unstable with respect to the biosynthetic capability during successive subcultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new method with which to estimate the viability of tissue-cultured plant cells was developed. In this method, electrons from the electron transport system of Coptis japonica cells were trapped by artificial electron acceptors, and the color of the reduced acceptor was monitored with a spectrophotometer through an optical fiber as surface-reflected light. Cell viability is represented by the amount of increased reflected light per unit time as electron transport activity (ETA). The electron transport activities of cultured Coptis japonica cells that had been effected in viability by the addition of different concentrations of a microbial broth, were related to the ability of the cells to proliferate. When various microbial broths were added to our Coptis japonica cultures, there was a negative correlation between electron transport activity and the amount of berberine released. During usual subculture, electron transport activity increased from the onset of culture, reached a maximum in the late log phase, then decresed rapidly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The efficiency of glucosylation of hydroquinone by Datura innoxia cell suspension cultures was investigated. The yield of arbutin was 2.4 g/l medium when 10 mM of hydroquinone was added to a suspension culture that was then incubated for 24 h, but the yield decreased at a higher concentration. This decrease, which could not be overcome by changing the growth phase or increasing the cell density used, could be avoided by the repeated addition of a low concentration of hydroquinone over 3 days. This increased the yield of arbutin to 4.2 g/l at the usual cell density and to 7.1 g/l at a high density. The kinetics of this reaction were explained by the Michaelis-Menten formula. The theoretical maximum velocity of the arbutin-forming reaction was estimated as 0.77 mg/h/g. The velocity increased linearly up to a cell density of 300 g/l under standard aeration, the theoretical maximum yield of arbutin being calculated to be 5.5 g/l/day.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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