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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural characteristics of sustentacular cells in control and odorant-treated olfactory mucosae of the salamander (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 221 (1988), S. 769-779 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The ultrastructural characteristics of five morphologically distinct regions of sustentacular cells in the salamander olfactory mucosa are described. 1) The apical region was characterized by a microvillar surface that lay below the level of the olfactory knob of olfactory receptor neurons and contained endosome-like vesicles and a filamentous array at the level of the zonula adherens. 2) The supranuclear region contained rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, a Golgi complex, and secretory vesicles. Few sustentacular cells showed morphological signs of secretion, suggesting a low rate of baseline secretory activity. 3) The nuclear region contained the cylindrical nucleus surrounded by a thin band of cytoplasm containing bundles of filaments. 4) The central stalk contained filamentous arrays, Golgi-like cisternae, multivesicular bodies, and peroxisomes. Cytoplasmic veils that extended from the central stalk contained filamentous aggregates. 5) The basilar expansion had a complex series of lateral and basal folds. The lateral folds enveloped extracellular material and nonmyelinated axons of the receptor neurons. The basal folds formed complex interdigitations with the basal lamina, particularly in regions occupied by blood vessels and the acini of Bowman's glands in the subjacent lamina propria. These characteristics, and the presence of endosome-like vesicles and mitochondria, suggest that the basilar expansion is metabolically active and participates in cellular transport of material. Treatment with the odorant 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine caused ultrastructural changes in the apical and supranuclear regions that were associated with secretion and in the basilar expansion region that were indicative of an increase in metabolic and transport activity.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092210313
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural localization and identification of adrenergic and cholinergic nerve terminals in the olfactory mucosa (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 225 (1989), S. 232-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Pharmacological and ultrastructural methods were used to demonstrate alpha-adrenergic regulation of secretory granule content of acinar cells of Bowman's glands and to localize and identify adrenergic and cholinergic axonal varicosities and terminals in the olfactory mucosa of the tiger salamander.The alpha-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine caused secretory granule depletion from Bowman's glands; the alpha-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine partially blocked this effect. These observations were quantified using light microscopic computer-assisted morphometric techniques. Both drugs caused morphological signs of electrolye/water transport.Adrenergic axonal varicosities were identified by the presence of small granular vesicles (SGVs, 45-60 nm in diameter) containing electron-dense material that was enhanced by 5-hydroxydopamine loading and chromaffin reaction fixation techniques. Throughout the lamina propria, small fascicles with axons containing SGVs as well as varicosities and terminals with SGVs were located adjacent to blood vessels, Bowman's gland acini, and melanocytes. Mean vesicle diameters at these sites were 54 ± 7 nm, 50 = 9 nm, and 56 ± 8 nm, respectively; varicosities were located approximately 0.1-1.0 μm from their presumed cellular targets. Axonal varicosities containing small agranular vesicles (AGVs, 65 ± 8 nm in diameter), identified as cholinergic by their size and by the absence of electron-dense material after 5-hydroxydopamine loading and chromaffin reaction fixation, were located between adjacent acinar cells. In addition, adrenergic varicosities containing SGVs (56 ± 6 nm in diameter) were found within 1 μm of blood vessels associated with Bowman's gland ducts and sustentacular cells near the base of the olfactory epithelium.These results characterize the ultrastructural basis for adrenergic and cholinergic regulation of vasomotor tone and secretion within the olfactory mucosa.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092250309
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ciliated and microvillar receptor cells degenerate and then differentiate in the olfactory epithelium of rainbow trout following olfactory nerve section (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 23 (1992), S. 22-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Plasticity ; Retrograde degeneration ; Ultrastructure ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: We used scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy to examine ultrastructural changes in the olfactory epithelium (OE) of rainbow trout following unilateral olfactory nerve section. Both ciliated receptor cells (CRC) and microvillar receptor cells (MRC) degenerated and subsequently differentiated from unidentified precursor cells. The following changes took place in fish that were held at 10°C at the stated period following olfactory nerve section: on day 7, MRC and CRC contained intracellular vacuoles; on day 12, the olfactory knobs appeared disrupted; by day 26, olfactory receptor cells were absent from the OE; on day 42, there were receptor cell bodies and a few CRC with short cilia at the apical surface; and opn day 55, a small number of both CRC and MRC had differentiated. By day 76, both CRC and MRC repopulated the OE. Degenerative changes in the cytoplasm of the sustentacular cells (SC) and ciliated nonsensory cells (CNC) were observed in the first 26 days following olfactory nerve section, but these cells remained intact throughout the experiment. The degeneration and subsequent differentiation of CRC and MRC supports and extends previous observations that both cells types are olfactory receptor neurons with axons that extend along the olfactory nerve to the olfactory bulb. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070230103
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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