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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of fungal inoculum arrangement (scale and context) on emergent community development in an agar model system (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 39 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Consequences of initial spatial organisation of model fungal communities upon their spatio-temporal development were investigated. Dynamics of prescribed two- and three-species ‘communities’ developing on tessellated agar tile model systems were analysed in terms of literal maps, principal component analyses, or as the proportion of species extant within tiles. It was established that for two-species interactions of equal patch size, large-scale (i.e. many constituent tiles) behaviour could be extrapolated from the relevant small-scale (i.e. pairs of tiles) interactions. However, relative patch sizes (scale) of species within tessellations influenced the times taken by individuals to colonise tiles and, hence, temporal behaviour of the system. Outcome of arrangements involving three species of equal patch size and inoculum potential, and prescribed with different mixing patterns, could not be directly extrapolated by reference to the outcome of pair-wise interactions between constituent species. Three-species arrangements attempt to limit assembly of lateral aggregates of individuals (patch size) and hence any effects of tile colonisation times, so as to reveal effects of nearest neighbour context within the complex community. Such arrangements indicate that spatial configuration of inoculum influences community development and reproducibility. They also suggest that spatial distribution of species affects persistence of individuals, which would otherwise be expected to be eliminated from the system. Two-species interactions appeared generally more reproducible than those comprising three species, and the sensitivity of fungal community development to temperature was not solely associated with influence on colony extension rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2002.tb00901.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The five Ss of retail operations: a model and tool for improvement (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of retail and distribution management 31 (2003), S. 518-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-0552
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Reviews the academic and practitioner literature on retail operations and identifies five core elements of retail operations. Proposes a method by which managers can examine ways of improving their operations by the use of a modified cause-effect technique. Provides worked examples of the technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09590550310497049
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and dynamics of N2–IH (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 249-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ground state rotational spectra and internal dynamics in five isotopomers 14N2–IH, 14N2–ID, 15N2–IH, 14N15N–IH, and 15N14N–IH of the nitrogen–hydrogen iodine dimer have been investigated by pulsed-nozzle, Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy. Analysis of the recorded spectra yields rotational, centrifugal distortion, nuclear quadrupole and spin-rotation coupling constants for the five isotopomers. The spectroscopic constants are interpreted in terms of a ground-state NN–IH structure using the parameters rcm, kσ, and the oscillation angles θN2 and θHI of the N2 and IH moieties. For 14N2–IH, the values rcm=4.197 872(67) Å, kσ=1.461 52(32) N/m, θN2=25.61(22)°, and θHI=23.454 6(91)° are obtained. The rotational transitions of 14N2–IH, 14N2–ID, and 15N2–IH show a doubling, which is a consequence of tunneling associated with the interchange of the two nitrogen nuclei. The experimental findings are compared with results from ab initio calculations. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481791
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of funding source and management ownership on the productivity of R&D (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    R & D management 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This study investigates the influence of the source of R&D funds and management ownership on R&D productivity. The lagged effect of the source of R&D funds on R&D output is investigated for a sample of US manufacturing firms in five industries over the 1996–99 period. Estimates based on 779 firm-years show that R&D productivity increases with the proportion of stock held by managers and directors of firms primarily in the Other Electronics industry. The estimates also show that recipients of government-sponsored R&D funds in the Chemicals industry have lower levels of output (sales) for each dollar committed to R&D. In addition, output for firms in the Chemicals industry worsens as management stockholding increases, implying an agency cost rationale for the observed difference in output. The implication is that firms with high manager-owner content are less productive with government-sponsored R&D than with company-financed R&D. The reported results suggest that potential agency costs should be incorporated in government-sponsored R&D contracts. It also suggests that the source of R&D funds should be disclosed and incorporated into the valuation of intangible assets attributable to research and development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.2004.00339.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    POXVIRUSES AND IMMUNE EVASION (2003)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Immunology 21 (2003), S. 377-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 0732-0582
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Large DNA viruses defend against hostile assault executed by the host immune system by producing an array of gene products that systematically sabotage key components of the inflammatory response. Poxviruses target many of the primary mediators of innate immunity including interferons, tumor necrosis factors, interleukins, complement, and chemokines. Poxviruses also manipulate a variety of intracellular signal transduction pathways such as the apoptotic response. Many of the poxvirus genes that disrupt these pathways have been hijacked directly from the host immune system, while others have demonstrated no clear resemblance to any known host genes. Nonetheless, the immunological targets and the diversity of strategies used by poxviruses to disrupt these host pathways have provided important insights into diverse aspects of immunology, virology, and inflammation. Furthermore, because of their anti-inflammatory nature, many of these poxvirus proteins hold promise as potential therapeutic agents for acute or chronic inflammatory conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141049
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Technology Trends in Staffing and Assessment: A Practice Note (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    International journal of selection and assessment 11 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This practice note listed and described, from a practitioner's perspective, ten dominant technology trends that are impacting the personnel testing industry. Five trends were classified as ‘platform-centric,’ and five were classified as ‘information-centric.’ Platform-centric trends were related to virtual career centers, integrated assessment platforms, media-rich assessments, technology-friendly tests, and the adaptation of personnel tests to emerging technologies. Information-centric trends were related to Internet-age access and fairness concerns, computer-enabled scoring innovations, strategic HR data warehousing and mining, satisfaction with computer-based assessments, and computer-based testing standards. A review of these ten technology trends suggests that the personnel testing industry is keeping pace with rapid technological innovations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2389.00248
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Innovations in Integrity-Based Personnel Selection: Building a Technology-Friendly Assessment (2002)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 10 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: We are currently observing a paradigm shift in the composition of personnel selection inventories from lengthy paper-and-pencil administration and scoring to innovative applications of information technology. These technological advances have been driven primarily by strong demands from human resource professionals for enhancements in speed, effectiveness, and cost containment. In response, an existing pre-employment selection assessment was modified to make it more concise, economical, and ‘technology-friendly’. The resulting integrity-based assessment system, the Applicant Potential Inventory or API (London House 1997), has been administered and scored using a wide variety of technologies, including telephone, personal computer, fax, and the Internet. This article describes the initial development of the API and reviews nine field studies conducted to examine its reliability, validity, fairness, and financial impact.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2389.00195
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Consumers, cars and communities: the challenge of sustainability (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of consumer studies 25 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1470-6431
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The huge subsidization of sprawling development and the unbridled use of the private automobile needs to be brought to the forefront of public policy debate, not left to the excesses of the market-place. To do this we need citizens-in-the-community, not consumers-in-the-market. The present costly and unsustainable situation of our human settlements is a result of a profound failure in public policy; a failure that resulted when we left the fate of our human settlements to the vagaries of the market-place. We can no longer rely on the present subsidized, distorted, market-place system approach to designing, building and operating our human settlements. The consequences have been disastrous for human welfare, health and safety, and the natural environment upon which all life depends.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1470-6431.2001.00177.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study to evaluate serum and urinary hormone levels following short and long term administration of two regimens of progesterone cream in postmenopausal women (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 107 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To determine the pharmacokinetics of a progesterone cream following short and long term dermal administration.Design Single-centre, randomised, multiple-dose, open-label study.Setting Reproductive Medicine Trust, London.Population Twenty-four healthy postmenopausal women aged between 40 and 65 years were recruited through an advertisement in a local newspaper.Methods The women were randomly allocated to progesterone cream 40 mg daily or 20 mg, twice daily, for 42 days.Main outcome measures The concentration of progesterone in the serum was measured on days 1 and 42 before the morning dose, and at 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours after the morning dose. Serum follicle stimulating hormone, oestradiol, testosterone and urinary pregnanediol-3-glucuronide were also measured on days 1 and 42.Results Three subjects dropped out before using the cream and two more dropped out after the first treatment leaving a reportable sample of 19 women. There was a rise in the mean progesterone concentration at each sampling time between days 1 and 42. There was evidence of a rise in pregnane-diol-3-glucuronide over the course of the study. There was no change in follicle stimulating hormone, oestradiol or testosterone. There was no difference between the two regimens.Conclusions Transdermal progesterone (40 mg) per day for 42 days causes a small increase in serum progesterone concentration, although there is wide variation. Whether such levels are of clinical benefit remains to be seen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb13331.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multichannel data transmission system for rotating elements using a noncontacting slip ring (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 4319-4322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The collection or acquisition of dynamic data from elements that are rotating (e.g., gearing system, axle, engine propeller, and machine tool spindle) is a significant challenge in many engineering applications. Both contacting and remote telemetry-based methods have been employed to provide a data bridge between the rotating and stationary reference frames, however these methods suffer from several difficulties. A new method for the transmission of signals from the transducers on a rotating element is presented. Infrared light emitting diodes (LEDs) are placed on the circumference of the shaft or the end of it. Externally mounted photodiodes receive a frequency modulated light from the LEDs. Signal multiplexing enables multiple-channel signal transmission to be realized. The properties of the instrument are as follows: dynamic maximum frequency of 50 kHz, static sine distortion degree less than 1%, dynamic channel isolation of −40 dB, dynamic linear error less than 1%, and static/dynamic gains of 50–200. The proposed method has been validated through experiments performed on a prototype optical signal transmission system. Experimental results show excellent agreement with theoretical calculations. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1318918
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