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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of electronic states on precipitation of metallic As clusters in LT-GaAs (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 6016-6020 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The influence of electronic states of the semiconductor matrix on the precipitation of metallic As clusters in GaAs epilayers grown by molecular beam epitaxy at low temperatures were studied. From x-ray diffraction and Hall effect measurements, the presence of free carriers was found to occur in a certain time after the start of the coarsening stage of the precipitation. Transmission electron microscope observations indicate that redistributions of As clusters between the doped and undoped regions starts at the same time with the appearance of free carriers. Redistributions of As clusters occurs in pn junction structures in such a way that depletion zones of the pn junctions become free from As clusters, leading to close correlation of widths of precipitate free zones with those of the depletion zones of the pn junctions for various dopant concentrations. These observations are explained with a tendency of As metal clusters of reducing free carriers in the surrounding semiconductor matrix and hence keeping it as an intrinsic semiconductor. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1319324
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Physical and electrical properties of Ge-implanted SiO2 films (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 3524-3528 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Metal–oxide–semiconductor structures with a Ge nanocrystal embedded in SiO2 films were fabricated by Ge+ ion implantation and subsequent high-temperature annealing. The Raman spectra indicate the evidence of self-assembled Ge nanocrystals in the SiO2 films. The Ge size and its density were estimated to 3–5 nm and 1×1012/cm2, respectively. Photoluminescence spectra showed a strong blue–violet band around 400 nm and a weak near-infrared band around 750 nm, respectively. The several implantation-induced deficient centers are believed to be responsible for the blue-light luminescence. Capacitance–voltage characteristics exhibit the flatband voltage shifts of 1.02 V after the electron injection into the SiO2/Ge/SiO2 potential well. An anomalous leakage current was clearly observed in the current–voltage characteristics. The precise simulation of quantum electron transport in the SiO2 film indicates that the anomalous conduction is originated from resonant tunneling in the SiO2/Ge/SiO2 double-well band structure. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1399024
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kinetics and Fluid Dynamics for Oil Residue Hydroconversion in Commercial Software (2007)
    Berkeley, Calif. : Berkeley Electronic Press (now: De Gruyter)
    International journal of chemical reactor engineering 5.2007, 1, A20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1542-6580
    Quelle: Berkeley Electronic Press Academic Journals
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The current work is a computational simulation, with the geometry of the Parr reactor series 4581, of a multiphase system with two fluids (hydrocarbon and hydrogen) and two domains (tank and impeller) for the kinetics of residue catalytic hydrocracking. The fluid dynamics modeling is based on the SPH process and the fundamental equations of mass balance and momentum quantities in an isothermal system. The turbulence phenomena are considered through the k-? model for the hydrocarbon and ``disperse phase zero equation" for the hydrogen. The chemical reactions are modeled by the means of a reactional net based on the pseudo components concept, with their loads and products separated according to the commercial cuts, schematized with six parallel reactions, three thermal and three catalytic, with pseudo-first order reaction rates. The domains are composed of hydrocarbon as a general fluid (a mixture of pseudo components + catalyst = ``slurry phase") and the hydrogen as an ideal gas.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://www.bepress.com/ijcre/vol5/A20
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Identification of cultivars and accessions of Lolium, Festuca and Festulolium hybrids through the detection of simple sequence repeat polymorphism (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Molecular diversity and genetic affinity in the Lolium/Festuca grass complex have been assessed using simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker technology. The genotypic set was derived from three accessions of perennial ryegrass, two cultivars of Italian ryegrass, two cultivars of meadow fescue, two cultivars of tall fescue and 10 accessions from different intergeneric hybrid (Festulolium) combinations. The majority of the genomic DNA-derived SSR primer pairs from perennial ryegrass (LPSSR) and Italian ryegrass (LMSSR) produced clear, simple and distinctive amplification products from the majority of the genotypes. The efficiency of cross-specific amplification for LPSSR markers varied from 38% in meadow fescue to 93% in two cultivars of Festulolium and from 57% in meadow fescue to 87% in Italian ryegrass for LMSSR markers. Of 40 amplified markers, 14 (35%) produced species-difference alleles in the relation to cultivars used in the present study. Thirty-five LPSSR locus-derived alleles were found to be specific to Lolium species, four to meadow fescue and six to tall fescue. For LMSSR alleles, eight were specific to Lolium species and five were only associated with Italian ryegrass, and null alleles were detected for meadow fescue in all instances. These species-difference markers could clearly identify different accessions of Festulolium. Cluster analysis separated the individual taxa and showed grouping of intergeneric hybrids based on genomic composition. The data distinguished between the species and reflected the known pedigree of the cultivars and the differences between the species. The dendrogram also distinguished between the Festulolium accessions and clearly demonstrated the relations between Festulolium hybrids and their parent species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.00962.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetic analysis of forage grasses based on heterologous RFLP markers detected by rice cDNAs (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 122 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Genetic polymorphism within and between three species of forage grasses, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L), meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), was analyzed using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers detected by rice cDNA probes developed at the Rice Genome Research Programme of Japan (RGP). One hundred and ninety-seven rice cDNA clones were used for hybridization to genomic DNA of forage grasses. Many of the rice cDNA clones produced no visible band or only a smear with no discrete bands. Twenty-three clones showed high efficiency cross-hybridization to the genomic DNA of forage grasses. Genetic variation was evaluated for five varieties and one population of forage grasses using 12 polymorphic rice cDNA RFLP probes. Genetic variability within varieties as measured by Rogers’ genetic distance was considerably lower for the F. pratensis variety ‘Tomosakae’ than for the L. perenne and F. arundinacea varieties. To determine the genetic diversity between varieties of different species, cluster analysis was performed using data from the 12 RFLP probes. The two accessions of Lolium perenne were clustered more closely together than the three varieties of F. arundinacea. Two Japanese varieties of F. arundinacea were grouped in the same cluster. The variety-specific RFLP markers were seen among six accessions of L. perenne, F. pratensis and F. arundinacea. Such variety-specific RFLP markers would provide very useful tools for breeding programmes such as the intergeneric hybridization of Lolium and Festuca genera.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00773.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Relationship between the stress distribution and the shape of the alveolar residual ridge – three-dimensional behaviour of a lower complete denture (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Purpose: For a complete denture to function effectively, the denture must be stabilized during mastication. The alveolar ridge has various forms, and we must choose the artificial tooth arrangement that is most suitable to the form of the alveolar ridge. The purpose of this study was twofold: (i) to examine the relationship between the alveolar ridge form and the stress distribution on the mucosa, and (ii) to model the contact condition between the denture base surface and mucosa. Materials and methods: In this study, the three-dimensional finite element method was used for the analysis. Four types of alveolar ridge were prepared. As a loading condition, three load places were prepared: the mesial position, the central position and the distal position. We utilized the ‘contact option (MARC)’ to simulate the true behaviour of the denture. Results: We were able to model the contact condition by using the ‘contact option’. Maximum stresses were distributed on the alveolar ridge in which the absorption is severe. And, the distal load produced large compressive stresses on the inclined plane of posterior alveolar ridge in which alveolar form.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2001.00771.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The dynamic behaviour of a lower complete denture during unilateral loads: analysis using the finite element method (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The purpose of this study was to analyse the correlation between the location and/or direction of unilateral load and the dynamic behaviour of a mandibular complete denture using the three-dimensional finite element method (FEM). The FE model consisted of the body of mandible, alveolar mucosa, and a complete denture, and it could simulate the condition of contact between the surface of the mucosa and mucosal surface of a denture. Load vectors, which simulated premature contacts, were calculated on the supposition that a premature contact on an occlusal facet causes a vertical load on it. Load-A, a load vertical to the anterior occlusal facet, caused the least displacement of the denture and less concentrated stress distribution. Load-P, a load vertical to the posterior occlusal facet, was characterized by the stress distributed in the lingual area of the pre-molar lesion on the contra-lateral side of the load. Load-B, a load vertical to the balancing occlusal facet, caused the largest displacement of the denture. The relationship between loads and stress distribution was agreed approximately with the observations previously reported, and lead to some suggestions about occlusion for complete dentures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2001.00759.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunohistochemical detection of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, a marker of oxidative DNA damage, in human chronic cholecystitis (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 40 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Immunohistochemical detection of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, a marker of oxidative DNA damage, in human chronic cholecystitis Aims: Recent studies suggest that oxidative DNA damage induced during chronic inflammation may play a role in carcinogenesis in some organs. Although gallbladder carcinomas are frequently observed with a background of chronic cholecystitis, little is known about oxidative DNA damage in chronic cholecystitis. The aims of this study were to investigate the expression of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage, in normal and chronically inflamed human gallbladder mucosa and compare its expression with clinicopathological findings. Methods and results: 8-OHdG expression was immunohistochemically examined using a monoclonal antibody against 8-OHdG in human gallbladder specimens. In normal gallbladder (n=5), no 8-OHdG expression was observed. In contrast, nuclear expression of 8-OHdG was detected in 28 of 31cases (90.3%) in gallbladder epithelial cells with chronic cholecystitis. The positive cells were predominantly observed in the areas of active inflammation with prominent cell infiltration. Quantitative analysis revealed that the number of 8-OHdG+ cells (labelling index) significantly (rs=0.671, P 〈 0.05) correlated with the degree of the activity of mucosal inflammation, while gender, age, and the presence of gallstones did not influence the index. Conclusions: Oxidative DNA damage is common in chronic cholecystitis, suggesting a possible link between chronic inflammation and gallbladder carcinogenesis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2002.01415.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Granulomas in hepatocellular carcinoma induced by lipiodolized SMANCS, a polymer-conjugated derivative of neocarzinostatin (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 40 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2002.t01-3-01294.x
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nitric oxide formation in the dog sphincter of Oddi from nitric oxide donors as measured with in vivo micro-dialysis (2000)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 14 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Nitric oxide (NO) is known to play an important role in neurally mediated relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:We investigated whether NO donors, such as nitroglycerin or zwitterionic polyamine/NO, applied into the common bile duct or intravenously, may induce the relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi by producing NO in the anaesthetized dog.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:NO production in the sphincter of Oddi was measured by detecting NO oxidation products (NO2– and NO3–) using micro-dialysis methods.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Zwitterionic polyamine/NO and nitroglycerin applied into the common bile duct induced a marked increase in NO2– but not NO3–, in the sphincter of Oddi. Intravenous infusion of zwitterionic polyamine/NO and nitroglycerin induced little or no increase in NO2– formation. Nitroglycerin infused into either the common bile duct or intravenously administered produced relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi, but zwitterionic polyamine/NO had no effect on the sphincter of Oddi in spite of the increase in NO2– levels.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:Locally or systemically applied NO donors induce relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi by producing NO, although their mode of action differs in different analogues.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00811.x
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