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  • Electronic Resource  (41)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    National survey on the management of rhinopathies in asthma patients by French pulmonologists in everyday practice (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Epidemiological and pathophysiologic studies have shown that allergic rhinitis and asthma often occur in combination. The internationally developed ARIA position paper (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) recently offered recommendations on allergic rhinitis. As part of this new report and prior to its diffusion, we investigated the management of rhinopathies in asthma patients by pulmonologists in their everyday practice.Methods:  From March to June 2000, 477 (48%) French pulmonologists in office-based practice participated in the survey. They were asked to include their first five asthmatic adult patients. In addition to descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed.Results:  We studied 1623 patients with varying severity of asthma (sex ratio 0.9; median age 35 years). The pulmonologists reported rhinopathy in 76.6% of these, with a chronic course in 91%. Among the patients, 67.1% reported rhinopathy. The diagnosis was allergic rhinitis in 66.2% of participants and nasal polyposis in 10.1%. Examination of the nasal cavities was performed by the pulmonologists themselves in 56.2% of patients. Imaging of the sinuses was performed radiographically in 55.3% of enrolled patients and/or by computed tomography in 17.2%. Referral to an ENT specialist occurred for 21.6% of patients, being more common for patients with rhinitis that failed to respond to medical therapy (although some pulmonologists referred their patients routinely).Conclusions:  The high prevalence of rhinopathies in asthma patients requires that these conditions are recognized and managed by pulmonologists. Thus, our findings support one of the central messages contained in the new ARIA guidelines—asthma patients should be investigated routinely for rhinitis and other rhinopathies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2003.00051.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prick tests to aeroallergens: is it possible simply to wipe the device between tests? (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Improperly performed skin prick tests (SPT) can lead to wrong allergy diagnosis and incorrect treatment. To overcome false-positive results it is recommended to change the puncture device between each test, although very few studies have examined the real drawbacks (false-positives) and advantages (time and cost savings) of using only one device.Methods: Two groups of 20 patients with rhinitis or asthma, sensitized to either house-dust mites or grass pollens, had successive serial SPT to 9% codeine phosphate and the relevant allergen using the same needle or lancet, wiped between each test.Results: With both the needle and the lancet, there were 12.5–67.5% false-positive results using the house-dust mite or grass pollen allergen extracts, respectively. There were no false-positive results with the 9% codeine phosphate.Conclusions: Our study shows that this technique is not reliable as it provoked an unacceptable number of false-positive results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.23536.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cysteinyl-leukotriene release test (CAST) in the diagnosis of immediate drug reactions (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: The diagnosis of allergic reactions to drugs is difficult. Most skin tests are not standardized, and in vitro tests are needed to avoid provocation tests. Cross-linking of IgE on basophils is known to cause the release of both cysteinyl leukotriene (Cys-LT) and histamine. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility (sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency) of measurement of sulfidoleukotrienes in drug allergy. Methods: We performed a prospective study in 55 patients with proven immediate adverse reactions to drugs (30 to β-lactams, six to acetaminophen, and 19 to aspirin) and 64 drug-exposed nonallergic controls. Positive diagnosis was established by history, skin tests, and, if needed, oral provocation tests. Cys-LT release was determined after drug-allergen stimulation by the cellular antigen stimulation test (CAST®) technique. Histamine release was also assessed on the same samples by enzyme immunoassay. Spontaneous and anti-FcεRIα-induced mediator release was also studied in all subjects. Sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency were calculated. Results: Net Cys-LT release was over the maximal threshold given by the manufacturer in 19/55 patients and in 9/64 controls. Net histamine release was over 5% of total histamine content in 28/55 patients and 34/64 controls. The efficiency of both tests was low. Conclusions: Thus, in most cases, the in vitro Cys-LT test has little or no diagnostic utility and is not superior to histamine release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.00103.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anaphylaxis to beef in penicillin-allergic patient (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.056008796.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    General considerations for skin test procedures in the diagnosis of drug hypersensitivity (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0105-4538.2001.00001.x-i8
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term safety and efficacy of nevirapine tolerance induction (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  The most frequent side-effects due to nevirapine (Viramune®), the first non-nucleoside HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor introduced for clinical use, are cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions. In non-serious cases, tolerance induction can be proposed.Objective  Describe the long-term safety and efficacy of tolerance induction to nevirapine.Methods  Six HIV-infected patients started a tolerance 1 to 2 months after an episode of nevirapine hypersensitivity. Increasing doses of nevirapine (2.5, 10, 25, 100, 250 and 750 μg and 2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 mg) were given orally at half-hour intervals under strict medical surveillance and patients were followed up regularly.Results  All but two of the patients tolerated this induction well. One had a mild and transient reaction on day 1; nevirapine was not stopped. One had a moderate to severe reaction one month later; nevirapine was stopped and he recovered fully. All other patients have been taking nevirapine for more than 3 months without any adverse reaction.Conclusion  Therefore, when no alternatives are available in severely ill and hypersensitive HIV-infected patients, tolerance induction is a possible therapeutic option.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2002.01360.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental models in rhinitis (1999)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 29 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Nasal challenge with allergen or mediators is a useful model to understand the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis. Some mechanisms have thereby been clearly clarified. Different methods have been proposed to mimic the natural allergen exposure and to measure the clinical and biological responses. Nasal challenges can also be used in clinical practice, mainly when there is a discrepancy between results of skin tests and in vitro or when occupational allergens are involved. Nasal challenges are also valuable to assess the efficacy of specific immunotherapy or some drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.1999.00010.x-i1
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Side-chain-specific reactions to betalactams: 14 years later (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2002.01299.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunotherapy with keyhole lampet hemocyanin-conjugated decapeptide vaccine in cypress pollen allergy (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Cupressaceae pollen allergy is a world-wide pollinosis but immunotherapy has rarely been tested. Immunotherapy is usually allergen-specific but new forms may be targeted towards IgE.Objectives A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out to assess the efficacy of a vaccine made of keyhole lampet hemocyanin (KLH)-conjugated decapeptide from the Fcε4 domain of the IgE in cypress pollinosis.Methods Sixty patients with cypress pollen allergy were studied. They were included on a suggestive clinical history, positive skin tests and nasal challenge to cypress pollen extract. Three intramuscular injections of the vaccine (250 µg) or placebo were administered monthly with a booster injection 5 to 8 weeks later. The primary end-point criterion was the threshold dose inducing a positive nasal challenge. The secondary end-point was the symptom-medication scores measured when cypress pollen grains were over 50 grains/m3.Results Nasal challenge before treatment was non-significantly different between the placebo and vaccine groups. After treatment there was no significant difference between the two groups. Pollen counts were over 50 grains/m3 for 8 weeks during the trial. There was no significant difference in total symptom scores between the placebo and vaccine groups. The vaccine was safe.Conclusions The KLH-conjugated decapeptide vaccine was not effective in cypress pollen allergy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2002.01392.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myeloperoxidase and interleukin-8 levels in chronic sinusitis (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 27 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have recetitly phenotyped inflammation iti tion-infectious allergic and non-allergic chronic maxillary sinusitis using sinus biopsies and lavage fluids. In this first paper, we have concentrated our work on the eosinophil, T cell, mast cell and macrophage infiltrates. However, many unresolved questions remain and particularly the role of neutrophils needed to be addressed. In the present study, we focused on the neutrophilic inflammation: myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured by immunoassays and neutrophils were enumerated by conventional staining in the sinus lavage fluids of 16 patients with chronic sinusitis and six control subjects. Both MPO and IL-8 levels were significantly higher in patients than in controls (P 〈 0.01 and 0.005, respectively). There was a significant correlation between MPO levels and neutrophil numbers, and between MPO and IL-8 levels in the sinus lavage fluid (P 〈 0.0001, Spearman rank correlation). The presence of high levels of IL-8 in the lavage fluids of patients suffering from chronic sinusitis, levels which correlate with those of MPO, suggests that this cytokine may activate neutrophils in this chronic disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1997.tb01195.x
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