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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extraction and analysis of volatile compounds in white wines using Amberlite XAD-2 resin and capillary gas chromatography (1990)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 38 (1990), S. 216-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00091a048
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the chemical properties of the acetylcholine receptor site of the frog neuromuscular junction (1970)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 2 (1970), S. 119-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The effect of a water-soluble carbodiimide has been used to study the nature of the presumed anionic part of the acetylcholine (ACh) receptor at the frog neuromuscular junction. The ACh sensitivity has been measured by the moving fluid electrode method and by recording end plate potentials with microelectrodes. The carbodiimide blocked ACh sensitivity without marked effect on the membrane resistance or potential difference. The conditions of reversibility of the block and the results obtained with phospholipids suggest that a carboxyl group is important in the combination of ACh with the receptor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01869855
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Board Roles in the Strategic Management of Non-profit Organisations: theory and practic (1999)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Corporate governance 7 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8683
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Political Science , Economics
    Notes: This paper presents findings from an in-depth empirical study of the role of boards and their relations with senior managers in four organisations from the public and non-profit sectors. The findings are interpreted using a conceptual framework which sees the outputs of boards as shaped by board inputs, processes and contextual factors, in particular wider institutional pressures. The results indicate that the strategic contribution of boards varies widely and depends on a complex interplay of factors: the system of regulation, sectoral traditions and norms of governance, the way board members are chosen, board members skill and experience, organisational size and status, and the way boards are organised and run. The wider institutional pressures that shape these factors can result in boards facing tensions and trade-offs that can result in their contribution to stragegy being squeezed by other board roles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8683.00165
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion Delay in Frog Skin Connective Tissue: a Source of Error in Tracer Investigations (1964)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 201 (1964), S. 932-933 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Two types of tracer experiments were done on fresh bullfrog skins and on skins the epithelial layers of which were removed. In all experiments, sulphate Ringer's was used. In build-up experiments, radioactive sodium (Na*) was added to the solution bathing one side of the skin and the increase ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/201932a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Participation of the SO2- Radical Ion in the Reduction of p-Nitrophenol by Sodium Dithionite (1964)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 68 (1964), S. 423-425 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100784a510
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A reexamination of the role of the RAD52 gene in spontaneous mitotic recombination (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 14 (1988), S. 211-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Mitotic recombination ; DNA repair ; Yeast ; RAD52
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The RAD52 gene is required for much of the recombination that occurs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. One of the two commonly utilized mutant alleles, rad52-2, increases rather than reduces mitotic recombination, yet in other respects appears to be a typical rad52 mutant allele. This raises the question as to whether RAD52 is really necessary for mitotic recombination. Analysis of a deletion/insertion allele created in vitro indicates that the null mutant phenotype is indeed a deficiency in mitotic recombination, especially in gene conversion. The data also indicate that RAD52 is required for crossing-over between at least some chromosomes. Finally, examination of the behavior of a replicating plasmid in rad52-1 strains indicates that the frequency of plasmid integration is substantially reduced from that in wild type, a conclusion consistent with a role for RAD52 in reciprocal crossing-over. Analysis of recombinants arising in rad52-2 strains suggests that this allele may result in the increased activity of a RAD52-independent recombinational pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00376741
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single calcium-activated potassium channel in cultured mammary epithelial cells (1989)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 414 (1989), S. 118-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Mammary epithelial cells ; Patch clamp ; K+ channel ; Ca2+ activation ; Na+ block ; A23187 ; Inward rectification ; Epidermal growth factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The properties of Ca2+-activated K+ channels in mouse mammary epithelial cells in primary culture were studied by the patch-clamp technique. In cell-attached patches, spontaneous channel openings were sometimes observed; the slope conductance of the currents was about served; the slope conductance of the currents was about 12 pS at negative membrane potentials with a physiological solution (152 mM Na+, 5.4 mM K+) in the pipette. External application of A23187, a calcium ionophore, activated this channel. In excised inside-out patches, the channel was activated by increasing the internal Ca2+ concentration (10−7 to 10−6 M). No voltage dependence of the channel activity was observed. Internal Na+ blocked the outward K+ current in a voltage dependent manner and this block led to the non-linear I–V relationship at positive membrane potentials. The channel was blocked by internal Ba2+ (0.1 mM) and tetracthylammonium (TEA+, 20–50 mM). Ba2+ reduced the open probability but not the single channel conductance, whereas TEA+ reduced the single channel conductance. The single channel conductance of this channel, measured from the inward current with a high-K+ solution (150 mM K+) in the pipette, was large (about 40 pS), and showed inward rectification. These results suggest that this channel is different from the usual small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels observed in many other cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00580952
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oscillating activity of a calcium-activated K+ channel in normal and cancerous mammary cells in culture (1991)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 119 (1991), S. 133-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Ca2+-activated K+ channel ; Ca2+ oscillation ; inward rectification ; charybdotoxin ; apamin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Calcium-activated potassium channels were the channels most frequently observed in primary cultured normal mammary cell and in the established mammary tumor cell, MMT060562. In both cells, single-channel and whole-cell clamp recordings sometimes showed slow oscillations of the Ca2+-gated K+ current. The characteristics of the Ca2+-activated K+ channels in normal and cancerous mammary cells were quite similar. The slope conductances changed from 8 to 70 pS depending on the mode of recording and the ionic composition in the patch electrode. The open probability of this channel increased between 0.1 to 1 μm of the intracellular Ca2+, but it was independent of the membrane potential. Charybdotoxin reduced the activity of the Ca2+-activated K+ channel and the oscillation of the membrane current, but apamin had no apparent effect. The application of tetraethylammonium (TEA) from outside and BaCl2 from inside of the cell diminished the activity of the channel. The properties of this channel were different from those of both the large conductance (BK or MAXI K) and small conductance (SK) type Ca2+-activated K+ channels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01871412
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of osmotic stress on mast cell vesicles of the beige mouse (1992)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 126 (1992), S. 159-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: vesicle ; gel matrix ; tonicity ; bulk modulus ; capacitance ; fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The large size of the vesicles of beige mouse peritoneal mast cells (4 μm in diameter) facilitated the direct observation of the individual osmotic behavior of vesicles. The vesicle diameter increased as much as 73% when intact cells were perfused with a 10 mM pH buffer solution; the swelling of the vesicle membranes exceeded that of the insoluble vesicle gel matrix, which resulted in the formation of a clear space between the optically dense gel matrix and the vesicle membrane. Hypertonic solutions shrank intact vesicles of lysed cells in a nonideal manner, suggesting a limit to the compressibility of the gel matrix. The nonideality at high osmotic strengths can be adequately explained as the consequence of an excluded volume and/or a three-dimensional gel-matrix spring. The observed osmotic activity of the vesicles implies that the great majority of the histamine known to be present is reversibly bound to the gel matrix. This binding allows vesicles to store a large quantity of transmitter without doing osmotic work. The large size of the vesicles also facilitated the measurement of the kinetics of release as a collection of individual fusion events. Capacitance measurements in beige mast cells revealed little difference in the kinetics of release in hypotonie, isotonic, and hypertonic solutions, thus eliminating certain classes of models based on the osmotic theory of exocytosis for mast cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231914
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light microscopic observations on the release of vesicles by isolated chromaffin cells (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 4 (1984), S. 297-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: exocytosis ; chromaffin cells ; vesicle release ; light microscope ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cultured bovine adrenal medullary chromaffin cells were stimulated with the secretogogues Ba2+ or carbamyl choline plus Ca2+. With video-enhanced contrast, differential interference contrast microscopy, small vesicles were found to appear on the cell surface during stimulation. The structures were of lower refractive index than the cytoplasm, and their appearance required several tenths of a second. The vesicles are thought to correspond to omega figures seen with electron microscopy due to exocytosis. Many of the structures disappeared within a few seconds, but some appeared to coalesce into larger structures. The large structures may lead to the vacuoles that have been demonstrated to be present following stimulation. The nature of the cellular elements responsible for the vesicle which appeared on the surface was not found with either differential interference or interference reflection microscopy. The simplest explanation is that the refractive index of the elements is similar to that of the cell, and therefore the elements cannot be seen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970040407
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