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  • 1970-1974  (4)
  • 1973  (4)
Materialart
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 1970-1974  (4)
Jahr
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 88 (1973), S. 299-318 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A new hydrogen bacterium has been isolated by enrichment culture on propane. It is a strictly aerobic, Gram-positive, non acid-fast bacterium, characterized by filamentous growth, and has been tentatively assigned to Nocardia opaca (strain 1 b). It grows heterotrophically, on many organic compounds (71 out of 138 tested substrates including organic acids and sugars), on hydrocarbons (C11−C18) as well as under autotrophic conditions (under an atmosphere of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide=8:1:1) In the absence of a nitrogen source storage materials, mainly carbohydrates, are accumulated. Hydrogenase is an inducible enzyme. Under appropriate growth conditions the specific hydrogenase activity reaches high values: 2700 enzyme units/g cell protein. The formation of hydrogenase is repressed by fructose. With increasing oxygen concentrations during growth the specific hydrogenase activity decreases. In resting cell oxygen progressively inhibits the oxyhydrogen reaction. Cell-free extracts of autotrophically grown cells are able to reduce oxygen benzyl-and methyl viologen, dichlorphenolindophenol, methylene blue and nicotinamide adeninedinucleotide with hydrogen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 88 (1973), S. 319-330 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary In Nocardia opaca strain 1b the key enzymes of the Entner-Doudoroff pathway, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrase and 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate aldolase, are inducible, while glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase are constitutively formed. In autotrophically grown cells the fructose diphosphate aldolase has six-fold specific activity compared to fructose- or gluconate-grown cells. Molecular hydrogen represses the adaptation to fructose, glucose, or gluconate and inhibits the utilization of glucose or fructose. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase has been purified 22fold. It utilizes either NADP of NAD as coenzyme; it requires magnesium ions for maximal activity. The dehydrogenation reaction is competitively inhibited by rather high concentrations (2–6 mM) of ATP, and in a similar fashion by phosphoenolpyruvate. Homotropic or heterotropic interactions between substrate molecules were not detected. The effect of ATP is relieved by equimolar concentrations of magnesium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 93 (1973), S. 179-193 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A new hydrogen bacterium has been isolated by enrichment culture on hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and oxygen. It is a strictly aerobic, Gram-positive, immotile rod. Irregular cell shapes, the snapping type of cell division and the partial fragmentation of the rods into coccoid cells in older heterotrophic cultures indicate that strain 14 g is a coryneform bacterium. Strain 14 g grows well in a mineral salts medium under a gas atmosphere of 80% hydrogen, 10% carbon dioxide and 10% oxygen. With increasing oxygen partial pressures, the growth rate decreases. While growth is good or excellent on organic acids, carbohydrates are utilized not at all. Autotrophically grown cells are able to oxidize organic substrates after a relatively short lag-phase. Growth is retarded when hydrogen is present in the gas atmosphere. Citrate utilization is even inhibited by hydrogen. In gluconate grown cells gluconokinase, the enzymes of the Entner-Doudoroff system and a NAD-dependent 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase are present. All enzymes are inducible. The uptake rate of the oxygen-hydrogen mixture by resting cells is very high and amounts to 2500 μl gas/mg protein·h. Carbon dioxide does not stimulate the oxyhydrogen-reaction. The hydrogenase activity of intact cells measured with methylene blue as a hydrogen acceptor is limited by the penetration of methylene blue into the cell. In cell-free extracts the hydrogen uptake rate amounts to 2260 μl H2/mg protein·h with methylene blue as H-acceptor. The hydrogenase of strain 14 g is a strictly inducible enzyme. It is completely part culate and does not reduce pyridime nucleotides.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 90 (1973), S. 199-211 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Hydrogenomonas eutropha (syn. Alcaligenes eutrophus) Stamm H 16 wächst anaerob mit Fructose und Nitrat bzw. Nitrit. Autotrophanaerobes Wachstum unter einer H2-CO2-Atmosphäre (90+10 Vol.-%) mit Nitrat als einzigem Wasserstoff-Acceptor ist minimal. Während des anaeroben Wachstums mit Nitrat sind zwei Phasen zu unterscheiden. In der ersten Phase erfolgt die Zellvermehrung auf Kosten der Reduktion von Nitrat zu Nitrit; dieses wird angehäuft. In der zweiten Phase wird Nitrit unter Bildung von Stickstoff reduziert. Gewaschene, anaerob gewachsene Zellen reduzieren Nitrat und Nitrit unter Bildung von N2. Stöchiometrische Experimente mit H2 oder Fructose als H-Donatoren lassen darauf schließen, daß Stickstoff das einzige Produkt der Denitrifikation durch die Zellen ist. Diese Schlußfolgerung wurde durch eine massenspektrometrische Analyse des gebildeten Gases bestätigt. Aerob gewachsene Zellen reduzieren Nitrat nur zu Nitrit. In Gegenwart von Ammonium-Salz gewachsene Zellen reduzieren Nitrat mit sehr geringer Rate. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, daß Stamm H 16 über nur eine Nitratreductase verfügt. Die Bildung des Enzyms ist durch Ammonium reprimierbar; O2 ist ohne Einfluß. Die Nitritreductase fand sich sowohl in der löslichen Fraktion als auch in den gereinigten Partikeln lokalisiert. Das Nitritreductase-System wird nur unter anaeroben Bedingungen gebildet.
    Notizen: Summary The hydrogen bacterium Hydrogenomonas eutropha (syn. Alcaligenes eutrophus) strain H 16 is able to grow anaerobically with fructose and nitrate or nitrite, respectively. Autotrophic anaerobic growth under a gas atmosphere of hydrogen and carbon dioxide (90+10 vol-%) with nitrate as the sole hydrogen acceptor is minimal. During anaerobic growth with nitrate as H-acceptor, two growth phases are distinguishable: During the first phase cell growth occurs with the reduction of nitrate to nitrite, which is accumulated; on the second phase nitrite is reduced with the formation of gaseous nitrogen. Washed, anaerobically grown cells reduce nitrate and nitrite with the formation of N2. Stoichiometric experiments employing hydrogen or fructose as the hydrogen donors are consistent with the conclusion that nitrogen is the sole product of denitrification by these cells. This was confirmed by mass spectrometric analysis of the gas formed. Aerobically grown cells are able to reduce nitrate only to nitrite; when grown in the presence of ammonia, the reduction rate is very low. The results indicate that strain H 16 contains only one nitrate reductase. The formation of this enzyme system is not influenced by oxygen, however, is repressed by ammonia. When employing a purified soluble fraction and particles, nitrite reductases were found in both fractions. The nitrite reductase system is formed only under anaerobic conditions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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