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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A system model for the ultrasonic inspection of smooth planar cracks (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of nondestructive evaluation 9 (1990), S. 197-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4862
    Keywords: Ultrasonic inspections ; theoretical modeling ; elastodynamic ; geometrical theory of diffraction ; Kirchhoff theory ; probe ; computer codes ; experimental validation ; defect detection ; power station plant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes a system model for the ultrasonic inspection of smooth planar cracks in ferritic steel, using pulse-echo probes. The model predicts the echo amplitudes and ranges as functions of the probe position. It is applied to problems of procedure design, assessment, and technical justification on power station plant. The model is implemented as a suite of versatile and user-friendly computer codes, suitable for use by practical NDT engineers, and is supported by a comprehensive user manual. The paper describes the principles of the model and gives examples of its application to power plant problems. Illustrations are also given of the extensive validation which the model has undergone through comparison with experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00566394
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions between two neurons in contact chemosensilla of the grasshopper, Schistocerca americana (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 167 (1990), S. 431-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Contact chemosensilla ; Grasshopper ; Inhibition ; Nicotine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The tibial contact chemosensilla of Schistocerca americana contain several neurons, one of which responds to nicotine hydrogen tartrate and certain other compounds. The activity of this cell is sometimes briefly interrupted by the firing of a second cell in the same sensillum which usually only fires a few times in the first 500 ms of a stimulation. The evidence suggests that the nicotine-sensitive cell is directly inhibited by the activity of the second cell. Not all cells in the sensillum produce the same effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192578
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of oximes on the dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca current of isolated guinea-pig ventricular myocytes (1993)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 422 (1993), S. 325-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Myocyte ; Voltage clamp ; Ionic currents ; Oximes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Exposure of isolated guinea-pig ventricular myocytes to the uncharged oximes 2,3 butanedionemonoxine (BDM) and norPAM (but not by the charged PAM) results in a dose-dependent reduction of the duration of the action potential. The nifedipine-sensitive Ca current is fully inhibited by BDM (IC505.8±0.4 mM) and nor PAM but is little affected by PAM. This inhibition is unaltered by the presence of BAY K 8644 but is antagonized by isoprenaline. The effect of isoprenaline is more pronounced when the solution in the patch pipette contains the non-hydrolysable analogue of adenosine 5′-triphosphate, ATPγS (the IC50 is increased to 44.0±5.2 mM). A hastening of the inactivation of the L-type Ca current persists when either 10 mM 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)-ethane-N, N, N′, N-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA) or 3 mM ATPγS is present in the pipette solution or when BAY K 8644 or isoprenaline are present in the bathing fluid. These results suggest that the inhibition of the Ca current is due to the phosphatase-like activity of the oximes but differs in some respects from previous work where a reduced level of phosphorylation is achieved by the introduction of protein kinase inhibitors or protein phosphatases into the sarcoplasm in guinea-pig myocytes. These differences could be explained if Ca channel availability is regulated by at least two sites of cAMP-dependent phosphorylation with oximes able to rapidly dephosphorylate both sites, while one of these sites is not readily dephosphorylated by the endogenous phosphatases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00374287
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel resin-filled ion-sensitive micro-electrode suitable for intracellular measurements in isolated cardiac myocytes (1990)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 416 (1990), S. 196-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Myocyte ; Intracellular ions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A method for the manufacture of ion-sensitive micro-electrodes, which can be readily used with small single cells, is described in detail. A glass pipette with a tip size of 1 μm, essentially similar to those used as suction electrodes in whole-cell recording, when silanized and with its tip filled with a suitable ion-sensitive resin, producesan ion-sensitive electrode with fast electrical and chemical response times. These electrodes can be applied to the cell membrane of isolated myocytes and penetration achieved without cell damage, by the application of suction. For the estimation of intracellular ionic activities they can be used in conjunction with a separate conventional KCl-filled micro-electrode or a suction voltage electrode. The technique is illustrated by the measurement of intracellular Na+, Ca2+ and pH. It is possible that these electrodes can also be used to measure local changes in ionic activity in restricted areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00370242
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The immunology of primary sclerosing cholangitis (1990)
    Springer
    Springer seminars in immunopathology 12 (1990), S. 121-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2196
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusion A number of recent studies have been discussed which provide strong evidence that genetic and immunological factors are important in the pathogenesis of PSC. Current evidence suggests that PSC is, like primary biliary cirrhosis, an immunologically mediated disease [8]. It seems likely that the immunological destruction of the biliary system is triggered in genetically predisposed individuals by viruses or bacteria [8]. The association with ulcerative colitis may be explained by the passage of viral or bacterial organisms across the damaged colonic epithelial barrier into the systemic circulation. Further studies are needed to confirm this attractive hypothesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192687
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shape coexistence and strong shape changes in very neutron deficient platinum isotopes (1990)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 337 (1990), S. 283-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.60.Ev ; 29.30.Kv ; 27.70.+q
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract High spin states of175, 176Pt have been populated in144Sm(35Cl,pxn) reactions at beam energies of 175–185 MeV. In-beamγ-ray spectroscopic techniques using the ESSA30 spectrometer array were adopted. Levels up to spin 26 in176Pt and tentatively up to spin 45/2 in175Pt have been identified. The data are interpreted within the framework of Cranked Shell Model calculations using the deformed Woods-Saxon potential and including monopole pairing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01289694
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The importance of palpation in food selection by a polyphagous grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae) (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 6 (1993), S. 79-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: associative learning ; grasshopper ; palpation ; plant surface
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The behavioral responses of final-instar nymphs of Schistocerca americanato a variety of acceptable and unacceptable plants were recorded. Palpation occurred on all plants and the palps are involved in both acceptance and rejection. On most unacceptable plants, rejection was at first dependent on biting the leaf, but subsequently on Lantana, Machaeranthera, Moms,and Physalis,rejection often occurred after palpation of the surface alone. This is consistent with the suggestion that associative learning occurs. This response did not wane even when the insects had been without food for over 2 h. There was also some evidence of an innate response to the surface characteristics of Physalis.The features of the surfaces that produced these responses were not determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01049149
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Olfactory sensitivity of gomphocerine grasshoppers to the odours of host and non-host plants (1990)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 55 (1990), S. 205-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Olfactory sensitivity ; grasshoppers ; electroantennogram ; Larrea ; hostplant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les réponses antennaires ont été examinées par électroantennogramme aux odeurs de plantes hôtes et non hôtes d'orthoptères Gomphocerinae de comportements alimentaires différents: Bootettix argentatus, monophage sur une dicotylédone, Larrea; Ligurotettix coquilletti, oligophage de dicotylédones; Cibolacris parviceps, polyphage; Chorthippus curtipennis, graminivore. Les types de réponse des quatre espèces étaient très voisins, mais les réponses aux odeurs de Larrea de B. argentatus et L. coquilletti, spécialistes de cette plante, étaient relativement plus fortes. Ces résultats suggèrent une similarité globale considérable dans la composition des populations de récepteurs olfactifs de ces quatre espèces d'orthoptères mais aussi une certaine spécificité pour les odeurs de la plante hôte au niveau antennaire.
    Notes: Abstract Antennal responses to host and non-host odours were recorded, using the electroantennogram technique, from four gomphocerine grasshoppers with different feeding habits: Bootettix argentatus (monophagous on Larrea, a dicotyledonous plant), Ligurotettix coquilletti (oligophagous on dicotyledonous plants), Cibolacris parviceps (polyphagous) and Chorthippus curtipennis (graminivorous). The patterns of responses across the plant odours were similar for all four grasshopper species, but there was a relatively greater response to the odour of Larrea in B. argentatus and L. coquilletti which specialise on this plant. This suggests that there is considerable overall similarity in the make up of the olfactory receptor populations of these four grasshoppers species, but that some specificity for hostplant odour does exist at the antennal level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00190659
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Miticide bioassays with spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae): effect of test method, exposure period and mortality criterion on the precision of response estimates (1993)
    Springer
    Experimental and applied acarology 17 (1993), S. 695-708 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9702
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Six different bioassay methods were evaluated using propargite (Omite 30% wettable powder (WP) and fenbutatin oxide (Torque 50% (WP) and 55% suspension concentrate (SC)) with twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus uriticae Koch (TSM) and European red mite, Panonychus ulmi Koch (ERM) to document their utility and precision for estimating median lethal concentrations (LC). For each method, two post-treatment exposure periods and mortality criteria were used. Post-treatment exposure period and mortality criterion had a significant influence on the precision of LC50 estimates for all tested miticides with all bioassays methods. Twenty four hour (h) post-treatment exposure was found to be the most suitable for the slide dip and Petri dish methods while 48h was the most appropriate for leaf disc methods. Scoring moribund mites as dead was the most satisfactory criterion for ensuring that biossays were as simple and precise as possible. The Petri dish residue-Potter tower method (PDR-PT) estimated the responses of TSM and ERM to propargite with high precision. The same method was not as precise for fenbutatin oxide formulations. Because significant mite run-off occurred with the leaf disc methods, their precision was not fully established. The slide dip method gave less precise estimates of LC50 values for propargite (WP) and fenbutatin oxide (WP), while the same method gave more precise LC50 estimates for fenbutatin oxide (SC) than the PDR-PT method. The toxicity of candidate miticides was found to be method-and species-dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00058509
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cerebral intraventricular haemorrhage in a young adult (1993)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 105 (1993), S. 243-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Intraventricular haemorrhage ; Head injury ; Traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage ; Intraventrikuläre Blutung ; Kopftrauma ; Traumatische Subarachnoidalblutung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Fall eines 26 Jahre alten Mannes wird beschrieben, welcher nach einer Episode von Traumen eine tödliche intraventrikuläre Hirnblutung erlitt. Bei der Obduktion wurde nach dem ersten Eindruck eine traumatische Subarachnoidalblutung vermutet, und die anfängliche Untersuchung war daher auf die Strukturen des Halses und auf die Vertebralarterien gerichtet, jedoch mit negativen Resultaten. Die Sektion des fixierten Gehirns zeigte eine massive intraventrikuläre Blutung mit sekundärer Beteiligung des Subarachnoidalraums und Ausbreitung in das Hirnparenchym. Keine Blutungsquellen oder natürliche Erkrankungen der Hirngefäße konnten gefunden werden. Die praktischen Aspekte der Diagnose und der vorsichtige Ansatz, welcher notwendig ist, um Subarachnoidalblutungen zu interpretieren, werden betont. Die Bedeutung der intraventrikulären Blutung nach Trauma ist mit der Einführung der Computertomographie offensichtlicher geworden. Die Implikationen dieses und ähnlicher Fälle werden bedacht.
    Notes: Summary A case of a 26-year-old man who suffered a fatal intraventricular cerebral haemorrhage following an episode of trauma is described. The initial appearance at necropsy suggested a traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage and initial investigation was directed towards the anterior neck structures and the vertebral arteries with negative results. Dissection of the fixed brain showed a massive intraventricular bleed with secondary involvement of the subarachnoid space and dissection into the cerebral parenchyma. No bleeding points or natural disease of the cerebral vessels could be identified. The practical aspects of diagnosis and the cautious approach necessary in interpreting subarachnoid bleeding is emphasised. The significance of intraventricular haemorrhage following trauma has become more apparent with the advent of computed tomographic scanning. The implications for this and similar cases are considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01642802
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